Contents
Plum “Eurasia 21” refers to early ripe interspecific hybrid varieties. It has a lot of distinctive features, for example, good frost resistance and excellent taste. Due to this, it is popular among gardeners.
History of variety breeding
Home plum “Eurasia 21” appeared after the hybridization of the “Lacrescent” variety, which was bred by Professor Alderman from America. For the formation of the plant, the genotypes of the East Asian, American and Chinese plums, as well as the varieties “Simon”, cherry plums and domestic plums were used. The experiments were carried out at the Voronezh State Agrarian University, scientists Veniaminov and Turovtsev. In 1986, the variety bred by them was included in the State Register.
Description of the plum variety Eurasia 21
Plum varieties “Eurasia 21” has its own characteristics, namely the fruits, the shape of the tree and the regions for cultivation.
So, the height of the Eurasia plum tree reaches 5-6 m in height. The crown is small and not very dense, the bark is gray-brown. Green leaves have an elongated shape, they are large, with a pointed top and small teeth.
Plums of this variety have a rounded shape, weighing 35 g. They seem to be covered with wax and have a blue-burgundy color. The pulp of the fruits of “Eurasia 21” is bright yellow with a sweet and sour taste. It is juicy, meaty and aromatic. The skin is thin, the stone is medium, and it is difficult to separate it from the pulp.
According to research, the pulp of the fruit of this variety contains:
- 7% acids;
- 7% sugar;
- 6% dry ingredients.
Suitable plum “Eurasia” for the north-west of Karelia, the Moscow region and the Leningrad region.
Characteristics of a variety
The popularity of Eurasia 21 plum is growing due to its properties.
Drought resistance, frost resistance
The variety is not resistant to drought. Trees need timely watering, otherwise the leaves will turn yellow, and the fruits will begin to crumble.
Frost resistance, on the contrary, is high, this characteristic of the Eurasia plum variety is one of its most important advantages. The plant easily withstands temperatures as low as -20°C. Other varieties lose their properties already at -10.
Plum pollinators Eurasia
Plum is a self-fertile variety, so there is a need for cross-pollination. The best pollinator for plum “Eurasia” is the variety “Memory of Timiryazev”, Mayak, Renklod Kolkhozny. Other pollinators of the Eurasia 21 plum are the Golden Fleece and the Volga Beauty.
If desired, special mixtures of several types of pollen can be used.
Yield and fruiting
The first harvest of Eurasia 21 plums can be harvested 4 years after planting. Usually the fruits ripen in early August. Their number depends on the age of the tree. About 20 kg of plums can be collected from a young plant. From eight years old and older about 50 kg. The record figure was 100 kg.
It is better to store a large crop in boxes or baskets. In this case, the air temperature should be no more than 1 ° C, and humidity up to 80%.
Scope of berries
Plums “Eurasia 21” can be eaten fresh. They are also suitable for preparing various dishes. It can be jam, jam, puree, juice. Sometimes the fruits are frozen for the winter, but in this case they lose their taste and become sour.
Disease and pest resistance
Eurasia 21 has an average level of resistance to various diseases and pests, so it requires top dressing.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
The variety has advantages.
- Fertility and productivity. Under favorable weather conditions and proper care, you can collect 50 or more kg of fruit.
- Frost resistance plum “Eurasia”.
- Variety resistance to certain diseases and insects.
- Excellent taste plums and their size.
- Fruits can be stored for a long time, while they will not lose their properties.
- Early maturity.
Eurasia 21 also has a number of disadvantages:
- too tall tree.
- the need to plant pollinating plants on the site.
- branches grow quickly, which requires frequent pruning.
- unfortunately, plum “Eurasia 21” is prone to clasterosporia, fruit rot, damage by codling moth and aphids.
- loose pulp is unsuitable for cooking some dishes.
Despite the shortcomings, this plum variety is popular among gardeners.
Planting and caring for plum Eurasia
Proper planting of seedlings and subsequent care of growing trees is the key to their health and getting a bountiful harvest.
Recommended dates
The best time to plant Eurasia 21 plum is early spring. Most often it is planted in April, when the probability of frost is reduced to zero. Over the summer, the seedlings will develop a strong root system and they will have time to adapt to new conditions.
Gardeners in the southern regions are better off planting a tree in the fall.
Choosing the right place
It is recommended to choose the southern or southeastern part of the garden. The site should have a lot of light and sun, the ideal option is a slight elevation. If possible, from the north side, the tree should be protected from the wind with a fence.
What crops can or cannot be planted nearby
Next to the plum tree you can not grow:
- Walnut;
- hazelnut;
- fir;
- birch;
- poplar;
- pear.
Neighborhood with an apple tree, black currant and various flowers, such as tulips and daffodils, is considered favorable. You can plant thyme next to Eurasia 21.
It grows rapidly, covering the ground with a “carpet”. In this case, the weeds have no chance.
Selection and preparation of planting material
It is better to buy Eurasia plum seedlings in specialized nurseries or from trusted gardeners. It is desirable that they have a certificate of belonging to the variety and information on age.
Seedlings must be grafted. The grafting site is easy to determine, usually it is located just above the root collar. There the trunk is thickened and slightly curved.
It is necessary to choose seedlings up to 2 years old, not more than 1.5 m high, with a trunk thickness of about 1.3 cm and 3-4 branches. They should have several roots (4-5 pieces), each up to 30 cm long. It is important that neither the tree nor the roots have any damage or any growths.
Three-year-old seedlings should not be taken, since it is more difficult for them to take root in new conditions.
Plums “Eurasia”, bought at the end of autumn, must be hidden in a previously dug and shallow ditch. Cover the root system and trunk (approximately one third) with earth. Put spruce branches on top, which will protect the seedlings from rodents.
Landing algorithm
Planting plum “Eurasia 21” takes place in several stages.
- In autumn, dig a hole 90 cm deep and 80 cm in diameter.
- Fertilize the soil with a mixture of several types of products. These are humus, superphosphate, potassium sulfate and lime.
- With the onset of spring, fertilize the earth again. This time you will need 2 buckets of compost, 30 g of urea and 250 g of ash.
- Loosen the soil. Make a small mound at the bottom of the hole.
- Dig a wooden stake and a seedling.
- Fill up the earth, humus or peat so that the root neck is 3-5 cm above the ground.
- Securely attach the plum to the support.
- Pour 20-30 liters of clean water.
- Measure a distance of 60-70 cm from the ground. Cut everything above this level.
The last stage of landing “Eurasia” – mulching. The ground around the seedling must be covered with peat or humus.
Plum Aftercare
The fertility and productivity of a tree of this variety directly depends on proper care. It includes several activities:
- timely pruning;
- watering;
- top dressing;
- preparation for winter;
- rodent protection.
No less important is the fight against various diseases and pests.
Description plum “Eurasia” reports the intensive growth of its branches. That is why, from time to time, the crown needs pruning.
There are several types of it.
- The first time to cut the branches should be in September. The main trunk of the plum should be shortened by 2/3, and the side shoots by 1/3. This will help in the future to form a beautiful crown.
- Summer pruning involves shortening the shoots by 20 cm.
- In autumn and winter, it is necessary to remove old branches, as well as those damaged by insects and diseases.
The lack of moisture adversely affects the health of the Eurasia 21 plum variety, so special attention should be paid to watering the tree. But do not get too carried away, because excess moisture leads to yellowness of the leaves and the death of young shoots.
The frequency of watering and the amount of water directly depends on the age of the plant and precipitation:
- young people need 40 liters of water 1 time in 10 days;
- adults 60 l 1 time in 14 days.
Wet soil around the trunk must be loosened every time.
Top dressing should be carried out starting from 3 years after planting the seedling. Until that time, he will have enough fertilizer laid in the pit.
Feed “Eurasia” 4 times a year:
- before the plum blossoms, you need to fertilize the soil 1 tbsp. l. ammonium nitrate;
- during flowering you will need 10 liters of water, 2 tbsp. l. potassium sulfate, 2 tbsp. l. carbamide;
- when setting fruits for feeding, you need to take 10 liters of water and 3 tbsp. l. nitroammophoska;
- after harvesting, 3 tbsp. l. superphosphate.
All fertilizers are calculated for 1 m2.
Due to its good frost resistance, Eurasia 21 plum does not require special preparations for cold weather. But some actions are still worth taking:
- remove dead bark and moss;
- apply a mixture consisting of water, blue vitriol, lime and wood glue to the cleaned sections of the trunk;
- wrap the barrel with paper or burlap.
Plum “Eurasia 21” will be protected from rodents by spruce branches, a polymer mesh and a piece of fabric moistened with turpentine or mint oil.
Diseases and pests, control and prevention measures
Trees of the “Eurasia” variety most often suffer from clasterosporia and moniliosis.
- In the first case, the treatment consists in treating the plum with a solution of copper oxychloride (30 g per bucket of water). Each plant consumes 2 liters. Processing is done immediately after flowering. For prevention, it is necessary to remove fallen leaves, trim the tree in time and do not forget about the destruction of weeds.
- With moniliosis, the plant must be sprayed with a solution of lime (2 kg per bucket of water). This is done in March and October. After harvesting, the branches and trunk must be treated with a solution of copper sulfate (10 g per bucket of water). For prevention in the fall, you need to remove mummified plums from the branches.
Of the pests, plum sawfly, aphids and codling moth are the most dangerous for this variety.
| Pest | Treatment | preventive measures |
| Plum sawfly | Before flowering and after it, treat the plum with Karbofos | In autumn, dig up the soil around the tree, thereby destroying the larvae that have prepared for wintering |
| aphid | At the time when the buds are formed, it is necessary to treat the tree with Benzophosphate (60 g per bucket of water) or Karbofos (according to the instructions) | Remove fallen leaves promptly
|
| Plodojorka | After the flowering period has passed, spray the plums with Kimis, Karbofos or Fufanon | At the right time to collect fruits and loosen the soil |
Plum varieties “Eurasia” has a lot of useful qualities and properties. This is not only high yield and fertility, but also resistance to low temperatures. To this you can add excellent taste and long-term storage of fruits.
Reviews
