Contents
It is possible to plant cherries in the spring in Siberia correctly by correctly choosing a zoned variety. The trees take root during the warm season. Many varieties of medium winter hardiness require mandatory shelter in the fall.
Shrub steppe cherry is convenient for growing in Siberia
Features of planting cherries in Siberia
Growing cherries in Siberia, you need to know a few secrets:
- acquire and plant only zoned varieties bred by breeders for Siberia, which are characterized by early ripeness, high winter hardiness, and productivity;
- since most cherries are self-fertile, 3-4 varieties are planted at once;
- the tree is competently prepared for wintering, all the necessary fertilizers are applied, and watering is carried out.
How to choose a cherry variety for planting in Siberia
Siberian gardeners grow all popular types of cherries:
- steppe;
- ordinary;
- felt;
- sandy.
Steppe varieties
The most winter-hardy, up to -50 ° C, and drought-resistant cherries growing in the form of a shrub, stunted, 40-150 cm. The main feature is undemanding to soils. Varietal representatives of the steppe species are characterized by early maturity, but the berries are small, 1-3 g, sweet and sour. Bushes bear fruit on one-year-old shoots, give strong root shoots, and are prone to decay.
Altai early
Cherry, valuable for resistance to drought and warming, ripening of berries already in early July. It is characterized by medium winter hardiness, quickly recovers after freezing.
Altai early requires pollinators to be planted nearby
Desired
Partially self-fertile, with sweet fruits. Berries are harvested in the third decade of July.
Harvest cherry Desired medium-hardy
Varieties of the common species
Representatives of the common species are tall: among the varieties bred for planting in Siberia, trees reach 1,5-3 m. Many hybrids are partially self-fertile. If there are other varieties nearby, the yield is much higher. Dark red berries are fleshy, sweet and sour, suitable for fresh consumption, weighing 4-5 g.
Kasmalinka
Frost-resistant and drought-resistant variety with a low shrub crown – up to 1,6 m. It is considered self-fertile, but in the presence of pollinators Ob, Altai swallow, the harvest is richer. Sweet and sour berries with a spicy aftertaste.
Kasmalinka fruits ripen by the end of July, keep on stalks until autumn
Ural Ruby
Low shrub crown with abundant fruiting – 6-10 kg. The ripening of sweet-sour, slightly tart berries in Siberia is closer to the third decade of August. Winter hardiness up to -35 °С.
The best pollinators of the Ural Ruby – Generous, Asterisk
Seedling Lyubskoy
The crown rises to 2 m, bears fruit in July, collection up to 5 kg. Early variety, partially self-fertile, suitable for different pollinators. Dessert berries, sweet and sour.
Seedling Lyubskoy is promising for planting in the Urals and Siberia
Felt varieties
Grown in Siberia in the form of a tree up to 3 m or a shrub. Shoots, leaves, sometimes berries slightly pubescent. The leaves are wrinkled, small. Fruits weighing 2-4 g are freshly sweet, without astringency. Harvest 3-5 kg per bush. Felt cherries are winter-hardy, up to -30 ° C, resistant to coccomycosis, but are affected by moniliosis. Often the planting of this species in Siberia is performed specifically, placing the seedling at an angle and forming a bush, like a creeping plant.
Firework
Winter-hardy, up to -35 ° C, 1,5 m high, with large, sweet-sour berries, weighing 3,5-4 g. When planted in Siberia, the crop ripens in July.
Salute bred by breeders of the Far East
White
The crown, with a good fit, grows up to 1,6 m, requires a sunny place. Blooms in Siberia from the beginning of June.
The taste of white cherry berries is harmonious, sweet and sour
Sand varieties
Cultivated forms with edible fruits, in contrast to the wild, too tart, growing in North America. Like the felt species, trees:
- are not actually cherries, are closer to the plum;
- do not cross with cherries;
- take root on rootstocks of plums, apricots, peaches;
- leaves are small, elongated.
The cultivars are collectively called Bessei’s cherry, named after the scientist who bred trees with delicious berries. Fruits weighing 2-3 g, sweetish, slightly tart, hang until autumn, wither. The culture is unpretentious to growing conditions, drought-resistant, endures frosts down to -50 °C.
Pyramidal
Bush up to 1,4 m tall, shoots moving away from the root collar. The berries are greenish-yellow, sweet, with slight sourness and astringency.
Pyramidalnaya needs a pollinator – any seedlings of Bessei
Omsk night
Hybrid up to 1,2-1,4 m tall. Productive, over 10 kg per bush.
Fruits of Omsk night with dark skin, sweet, juicy, 12-15 g
How to grow cherries in Siberia
Having picked up varieties resistant to the Siberian climate, they carry out a competent planting and carefully care for the plants. It is important to comply with the conditions depending on the season.
How to plant cherries in Siberia in spring
It is preferable to plant a culture in Siberia in the spring; over the summer, the plant takes root and becomes stronger for the winter. The culture requires neutral soil, best of all sandy, loose. Groundwater must be deep. Dig a hole 60 cm wide and 50 cm deep.
Landing algorithm:
- at the bottom 10-15 cm of drainage;
- for the substrate, garden soil, sand, humus are equally mixed;
- enrich with 1 liter of wood ash, 30 g of potassium chloride, 70 g of superphosphate;
- clog the support peg;
- install a seedling, sprinkle with soil;
- compacting the near-stem circle, water 10 liters of water;
- mulch with humus, rotted sawdust, compost.
How to plant cherries in summer in Siberia
For summer planting, seedlings with a closed root system are bought. The plant will not suffer, taking root in a new place. The algorithm for planting crops in Siberia in the summer is the same as for spring work. The manure is used as mulch.
How to plant cherries in autumn in Siberia
Gardeners do not recommend planting crops in Siberia in the fall. It is possible to plant seedlings from containers in the first decade of September. A plant with an open root system is simply dropped in the fall. In the spring they are transplanted to a permanent place. For autumn digging, a partially shaded area is found so that the snow does not melt longer.
Autumn pre-planting rules:
- depth and width of the pit 40 cm;
- one side is inclined, the rest are vertical;
- the seedling is placed on an inclined plane and not only the roots, but also a third of the trunk are sprinkled with earth, watered, mulched.
For the winter they cover with spruce branches, snow is applied on top.
Care of seedlings
Watering cherries in Siberia after planting is carried out rarely, but plentifully – until the soil is moistened to a depth of the root system, 40 cm, 30-60 liters of water each. Young seedlings are watered after 15-17 days, 10 liters each. If the tree bears fruit, watering is stopped 2 weeks before fruiting. Otherwise, the berries will crack.
Feed three times:
- early spring with nitrogen fertilizers or organics;
- after flowering with phosphorus-potassium preparations;
- repeat in the growth phase of the ovaries.
After fertilizing, water abundantly.
Almost all cherries planted in Siberia bear fruit on annual shoots, and pruning is selective. Remove damaged and diseased branches, thickening shoots and trunks older than 7 years. Growth is not shortened.
From diseases and pests, cherries planted in Siberia are treated in early spring with urea, copper sulfate or other fungicides for prevention. Insecticides are used against pests.
Planting a crop in Siberia necessarily includes winter shelter in care. Young bushes are protected with pine spruce branches, snow is poured to the trunk.
Tips from experienced gardeners
It is useful for beginners to take into account the accumulated experience:
- in the lowlands, the trees are placed on mounds 40-60 cm high, which will reduce the risk of decay;
- a feature of planting cherries in Siberia is the obligatory purchase of not a 1-year-old, but a 2-3-year-old strong seedling;
- do not put nitrogen fertilizers in the planting hole.
Conclusion
Everyone can plant cherries in the spring in Siberia correctly by studying the tips and choosing zoned varieties. The spring seedling takes root well and in 2-3 years will please with a harvest of berries.