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Boxwood in Siberia is found quite often only because it is one of the few specially bred varieties of ornamental trees from the Boxwood family. An evergreen shrub is popular in central Siberia. Buxus is chosen for its unpretentiousness to growing conditions, quick adaptation to climate change. At any age, boxwood emphasizes the aesthetics and style of the garden, because it remains healthy and rarely gets sick throughout the life span.
Features of growing boxwood in Siberia and the Urals
Siberia and the Urals are considered the most frosty regions of Our Country, but they are quite fertile and suitable for growing ornamental shrubs. The main feature in the cultivation of boxwood is the provision of high-quality care for the plant during the growing season. It is also not recommended to be late with sanitary pruning. Features when growing boxwood in Siberia, which you should pay attention to:
- Landing place. This should be the southern section of the garden fenced with stone or trees.
- After snowfalls, you need to shake off the layers of snow so that the bushes retain the structure of the branches.
- In the spring season, it is advisable to cover the young boxwood with a cloth, so the foliage of the plant does not turn yellow.
- When planting, a thick layer of drainage is made so that the root system does not rot from an excess of moisture.
Siberia is characterized by a sharp change in climate, so the features of planting and care must be observed. With proper care, the owner can grow a branched and beautiful boxwood that will harmoniously fit into the landscape of the garden.
The best varieties of boxwood for Siberia and the Urals
Since the advent of buxus, domestic breeders have tried to develop varieties of shrubs that will be resistant to sudden changes in temperature and planting site. The best varieties received unique names and quickly spread throughout the cold regions of the country.
Blauer Heinz
Frost-resistant variety of boxwood. Grows up to 20-30 cm in height. It is actively used to create a landscape pattern in spacious flower beds. The plant has a green-blue color of foliage, a leathery surface on leaf plates.
Elegance
Evergreen shrub with variegated leaves. Globular boxwood, grows up to 1 m in height, up to 75 cm in diameter. Suitable for growing at home and planting in pairs before entering the garden.
Faulkner
Siberian shrub with a slow growing season. Grows up to 1-1,2 m in height. The compact crown independently acquires the shape of a ball. Corrective pruning is required after 3-4 years of cultivation. Tolerates frost down to -45°C.
Winter Jam
Frost-resistant variety of boxwood. It grows up to 1-1,5 m. The crown needs frequent pruning to give the desired shape. Greens become bright in good light. In Siberia, for the winter, bushes are fenced with a covered frame from snow.
Balearic
The most common type of decorative bushing. It differs from relatives in its rapid growth, high resistance to frost and drafts. The crown with large foliage tolerates off-season pruning well. The greenery of young bushes does not fade in the sun.
Planting and caring for boxwood in the Urals and Siberia
Cultivated varieties of evergreen boxwood in Siberia are suitable for cultivation in the Central and Southern regions of the country. Young seedlings need to be looked after for several months and organize comfortable conditions for rooting plants. Well-adapted bushes begin to develop on their own, they only need to be cut and covered for the winter.
Terms of planting
In Siberia, young boxwood is planted in early autumn or mid-October, as the ornamental shrub blooms in spring. Transplantation of domestic or wild buxus can be done in any season of the year from early spring to mid-autumn. Purchased boxwood in Siberia can be planted in open ground from mid-March to the end of April, so the buxus will quickly take root. When planting at home, cuttings or boxwood seeds are planted in summer or autumn a month before the first frost.
Site and soil preparation
The landing site must be in the shade or have a fence that will protect the seedlings from drafts. It is not recommended to plant boxwood in a sunny area, the plant may not take root, or often young bushes will have to be planted instead of dried ones. For regions of Siberia, the optimal place for planting is a slope or a flower bed with a high border, the south side of the garden. Also, preference should be given to a site with partial shade, where diffused natural light will contribute to the development of the shrub.
In Siberia, boxwood can take root on soil of any quality, but the roots quickly develop on loam, black soil, and in clay soil. Groundwater is acceptable at a level of 3-4 m from the depth of the planting pit. Otherwise, the roots will rot from an excess of moisture, boxwood bushes will be subject to frequent diseases. The soil is dug up several times until loose. The day before planting, they dig a hole: 60 cm deep and 50 cm in diameter. Part of the soil is mixed with complex fertilizer, the site and the pit are treated with a highly concentrated solution of manganese to disinfect the soil.
Rules of landing
Acquired boxwood seedlings in peat pots can be planted immediately in the ground, after moistening the soil well. If the relic was originally grown at home, then when transplanting, you need to carefully remove the plant so that the fragile roots are not badly damaged. Buxus in the warm regions of Siberia is planted together with the primary soil in the finished hole, sprinkled with a substrate of peat, compost and humus. The photo shows the process of planting and caring for boxwood in Siberia:
A watering circle is made around the shrub, the soil is tamped at the roots. In the absence of a barrier on the windy side, they put a backup and tie up the seedling. If the soil is moist, then watering is not required for the next week. A sign that the boxwood is rooted is that there are no dried branches, the greens do not fade during the week of acclimatization.
Watering and top dressing
In the Urals or Siberia, planting in the spring must be done before the start of the growing season. During this time, the plant will get used to the new climate, soil and will be able to develop independently. Young boxwood is watered 2 times a week for 3-4 liters. In the first month, the quality of the top layer of the earth is monitored. White plaque indicates an excess of moisture or a lack of oxygen to the roots. After a year of cultivation, the frequency of watering is reduced to 1-3 times a month. In the rainy period, it is not necessary to water the boxwood, if it was acid rain, the shrub needs a shower from a watering can. For 1 adult bush of Siberian boxwood, there is up to 10 liters of water.
In the first year, top dressing is not required if the roots were covered with substrate during planting. After the retreat of frosts, the root circle is loosened, the soil is fertilized with ordinary compost. The next top dressing is applied in the summer, then in the fall and before the first frosts, the soil is fertilized with superphosphates. Potassium supplements are applied in small amounts simultaneously with watering. Nitrogen or sulfur is added as a last resort, at the time of illness.
Trimming
Spring pruning is done as needed if, after removing shelters for the winter, dry, infected or damaged branches are found. Crown formation by pruning is used for the 2nd year of growing boxwood. Depending on the variety chosen, 3-4 shaping pruning is carried out per season. To give an unusual shape, the shrub is grown in a special grid-pattern, along the contour of which an adult plant is cut.
Sanitary pruning is necessary to prepare the plant for the winter. With garden shears, cut the crown layer to the base of living branches. Each section is disinfected with a weak solution of manganese. Autumn pruning is sometimes not needed, but it can be used to even out the shape of the crown.
Protection against diseases and pests
Boxwood is poisonous to most pests, but the relic is not resistant to fungal diseases and some parasitic insects. The gall midge destroys the trunk of the bush: the greens wither or dry out, the root system is affected. In Siberia, the infected boxwood quickly dies, and only healthy plants can be saved or protected from the pest in advance by spraying. The solution requires 10 mg of insecticides per 10 liters of water. The shrub is sprayed within a week after the removal of shelters and before preparing for winter.
The mealy worm infects several bushes at once, which are covered with white bloom. You can get rid of the parasite at an early stage of the spread of the infection. Boxwood is sprayed with a diluted solution of water and sulfur, sometimes complex chemicals are used. With necrosis of shoots, infected branches are removed to a living place. Root cancer spreads quickly, so a rapidly withering plant is indicative of a similar disease. The bushes are dug up and burned, and the place where the boxwood grew is disinfected.
How to cover boxwood for the winter in the Urals and Siberia
Despite good adaptation to a changeable climate, boxwood for Siberia or the Urals is considered too thermophilic a plant that needs to be covered for the winter. For shelter use dense fabric, burlap, cardboard boxes. In Siberia and the Urals, in the first decade of October, the trunk of a relic is whitewashed with lime with copper sulphate, which will protect the trunk and roots from earthen pests.
After sanitary pruning, the bushes are wrapped with a cloth or other material, and the structure is additionally fastened with a rope. The base of the boxwood is mulched with hay, spruce branches or roofing material. Such procedures allow you to endure low temperatures up to -30-50 ° C, which is typical for Siberia. Shelters are removed after the complete retreat of frost, so that the branches do not rot.
Reproduction of boxwood
The shrub itself can be propagated by cuttings or seeds. The division of the bush is rarely used, because the plant may not take root due to injured roots. Cuttings are prepared in early spring, after removing the shelters, strong young shoots are selected at the roots of the shrub. Healthy cuttings are suitable for planting with a growth of 10-15 cm. The foliage is removed up to half the length of the shoot.
The cut of the shoot must be oblique. With a fresh end, the cutting is dipped into a solution of growth stimulants for 24 hours, then planted. A month later, the roots sprout, then the root system of the young boxwood begins to develop. Seeds for planting are rarely used, because it is difficult to find quality material. For a test planting, a handful of seeds are poured into the hole. In the best case, up to 50% of planting material will germinate on Siberian soil.
Conclusion
Boxwood in Siberia and the Urals takes root well and grows to a magnificent size. Thanks to quick adaptation in comfortable conditions, the shrub does not get sick, easily tolerates a haircut to the desired shape and sanitary pruning. With its presence, the garden plot takes on a modern look, boxwood harmoniously combines with colorful or plain plants.
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