The process of perception begins with sensations that reflect only individual properties of the object, then perceptions arise — sensations already processed by the mind, already a holistic and meaningful vision of what is happening.
How does perception take place?
First of all, all information from the surrounding world is collected (the collection of sensations, according to Anokhin, it is called an afferent flow).
- I’m looking for medicine.
In the collected information, key points are highlighted, familiar, recognizable or easily interpreted (according to Anokhin, this is called Trigger Afferentation). All other information is now a bit in the background (situational afferentation according to Anokhin) is formed around key points.
- Medicines are sold in pharmacies — this is knowledge. The green cross — the symbol of the pharmacy — is also knowledge. A green cross hangs on the house — this is information from the outside world, a highlighted sensation. Green cross — this will be the key information. We combine knowledge and sensations — we get the basis for perception.
If some information is not inserted anywhere at all, it is often forgotten (if it is not key) or revised (for key information). Now that the key points have been identified, they begin to look at them.
- Yeah, a pharmacy, there is no lock on the door, the window is open (again we combine knowledge and sensations).
And finally, the last thing is getting into the situation. (Anokhin has a program of action).
This is the pharmacy I need. The key word is ME. (combining knowledge, feeling, and my desire).
All. Now the picture has integrity and completeness.
- There is an association: exposition — plot — development of action — climax — denouement — point. Perception is exposure.
That is, the perception of the situation consists of three large processes: selection-approximation-entry. Each of these processes uses sensations, knowledge, memory, experience.