Contents
A pear is a tree that prefers warm climatic conditions, so growing it in Central Our Country can become problematic. In the south of the country, gardeners have a wide choice of crops, but residents of other regions have to choose from a small list. However, despite the narrow range, varieties have been bred that grow well and bear fruit even in areas with an unfavorable climate, where summers are hot and winters are frosty. Pear Autumn Yakovleva is just a bright representative of an unpretentious fruit tree.
Pear Autumn Yakovleva – a fast-growing tree and abundantly fruiting
History of breeding
Pear Autumn Yakovleva, also referred to as the Memory of Yakovlev, was born by hybridization of genetic material from two varieties “Daughter of Blank” and “Bergamot Esperna”. Breeders P. N. Yakovlev, S. P. Yakovlev and Z. N. Tsvetaev worked on breeding a hybrid at VNIIG and SPR named after I. V. Michurin. During the tests, which were carried out in 1949, it was revealed that the hybrid inherited only positive qualities from the “parents”.
This pear hybrid was zoned in 1974 for the Lower Volga and Central, Chernozem regions. At the same time, many grow this variety in the territory of Central Our Country.
Description pear Autumn Yakovleva with photo
Pear Autumn Yakovleva is a successful hybrid that has inherited mostly positive qualities. The fruit tree is fast-growing, giving a considerable harvest, ripening by mid-autumn.
Tree
Pear Autumn Yakovlev is characterized by tall trees. The crown is voluminous, drooping under the weight of the fruit, its shape can be rounded and pyramidal. The branches are curved, medium in thickness and firmly fused with the main trunk. Shoots are brown with numerous lenticels.
The green mass is dense, where the leaf plates are of medium size. Their shape has a wedge-shaped base, slightly pointed at the end, the edges are serrated. Stipules subulate, petioles long enough.
Fruit
Fruit ovaries are formed on ringed twigs. Their number can reach 150 kg per tree. The fruits themselves are small, and their weight varies from 130 to 180 g, some specimens can reach up to 200 g. The shape is asymmetrical, widely pear-shaped, with a ribbed surface.
The color of the fruit at technical maturity is green with a pinkish-yellow filling. When fully ripe, their color changes to yellow with a blurred blush of red. The points characteristic of pears are pronounced, large.
The fruits are small in size, but their taste is pleasant, sweet with a slight sourness.
The peduncle is strong, thickened towards the base, of medium length. The section shows an oval-shaped heart, where the closed seed chambers are located. Seeds are tear-shaped, brown.
Characteristics of a variety
Most gardeners prefer to grow the Autumn Yakovlevskaya pear precisely because of its positive characteristics. The fruit tree takes root well in adverse conditions, which practically do not affect the yield.
Palatability
The fruits of pear varieties Autumn Yakovleva have a positive characteristic. Their skin is strong, but at the same time quite thin. The pulp is not granulated, dense and moderately juicy. The taste is pleasant, quite pronounced, in contrast to the aroma. Many describe it as melting in the mouth, without astringency and with a slight nutmeg flavor, the tasting score is 4,9 points.
The fruits of the pear Autumn Yakovleva are universal in use. They are suitable for eating raw, as well as for preparing various winter preparations (jam, jams, marmalade, candied fruit, compote). The pear is also suitable as a wine-making raw material.
Terms of maturation
The pear variety Autumn Yakovleva begins to bear fruit in the second half of August. In terms of ripening, this garden plant is classified as an autumn plant, since the fruits reach ripeness by mid-late autumn. At the same time, in order to preserve the integrity and taste of the pear, it is recommended to collect the fruits unripe in early September. Their fresh storage lasts no more than 75 days, during which time they ripen, acquiring a yellow color.
Productivity
The pear yield is marked as high. For good fruiting, the tree is ready for five years after planting the seedling. The average yield is about 35-40 kg per tree.
Winter hardiness
Unlike most varieties, the Autumn Yakovleva pear has an average degree of winter hardiness. According to breeders, a fruit tree can withstand frosts down to -32 ºC, subject to proper preparation for winter.
Pear pollinators Autumn Yakovleva
The pear hybrid Autumn Yakovlev belongs to the self-fertile varieties, but the quantity and quality of the crop is significantly improved with the presence of an additional pollinator. It was noted that when adjacent to the Augustovskaya and Lada varieties, the Autumn Yakovleva pear has higher fruiting rates.
Pear hybrid Autumn Yakovleva is determined for a mixed type of pollination
Growing regions
Despite the fact that the pear variety Pamyat Yakovleva has been released for the Central Black Earth and Lower Volga regions, the hybrid has gained great popularity in Central Our Country (in the Moscow region, in the Yaroslavl and Ryazan regions). At the same time, you can even meet a fruit tree in the gardens of Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Kazakhstan and Estonia.
Conditions suitable for growing are temperate continental climate with not very frosty winters.
Resistance to diseases
Pear resistance to fungal diseases is average, so the tree requires periodic maintenance. In order to avoid damage to the plant by various diseases, it is important to choose the right seedling. And also timely carry out pest control.
Advantages and disadvantages
The pear variety Autumn Yakovleva is popular among gardeners, largely because of the merits of the hybrid.
The variety requires the correct formation of the crown, strong pruning causes active growth of shoots
Pros:
- high productivity;
- stable fruiting regardless of climatic conditions;
- optimal indicators of frost and drought resistance;
- excellent taste qualities of fruits and their versatility in use;
- keeping quality up to 75 days;
- rich chemical composition of fruits.
Cons:
- the tallness of the tree, which makes it difficult to care for the pear and collect fruits;
- susceptibility to fruit scab;
- the need to form a crown.
Rules of landing
Planting pear seedlings Autumn Yakovleva is preferably done in the spring. The place for this is chosen sunny, without through winds and with deep groundwater. The pear is undemanding to the soil, but it is desirable that the soil be moisture and breathable, moderately fertile. Chernozem or loam with an acidity of about pH 5,5-6 would be ideal.
After determining a place for planting, proceed to the selection of a seedling. It should be no more than two years old and have a well-developed root system.
A pit for planting is prepared with a depth of at least 30-40 cm. A drainage layer is laid at the bottom of the pit, then river sand is sprinkled. The roots of the seedling are dipped in clay chatter and laid evenly distributing over the pit. Sprinkle with sand and soil, lightly ram and water.
Features of care
Pear care Autumn Yakovleva consists of periodic watering, pruning and top dressing.
In summer, a tree in hot weather requires abundant watering. It is especially important to irrigate the land before and after flowering, during the period of fruit formation and during preparation for winter. Water consumption per tree should be at least 30 liters.
Crown pruning is done in early spring. In March, old and frostbitten branches are removed, the rest are shortened by 5-10 cm. Spring pruning stimulates the growth of new shoots and the formation of fruit formations.
Spring pear feeding will also be a good incentive for the development and fruiting of the tree. Fertilizers can be applied already in May, urea is suitable for this, saltpeter is rarely added to the soil. As additional trace elements, copper sulfate and a diluted solution of boric acid are used.
It is recommended to whitewash the trunk, which helps protect the tree from pests and sunburn.
Collection and storage
Fruits of pear varieties Autumn Yakovleva reach technical maturity by mid-September. During this period, you can start harvesting. You can store fruits fresh for up to 75 days. But many gardeners claim that after two weeks of storage, their quality begins to deteriorate, so the fruits of this variety are not suitable for winter storage.
Conclusion
Pear Autumn Yakovleva refers to hybrids that easily take root in garden plots in Central Our Country. The ability of the variety to stable fruiting more than covers its shortcomings in the form of tall stature and medium resistance to scab. After all, if you follow all the requirements for care and prevention, this fruit tree will delight you with a bountiful harvest for a long time.
Reviews of gardeners about pear Autumn Yakovleva
