Contents
Pear Skorospelka from Michurinsk is very popular with gardeners, because it is the record holder in terms of fruit ripening. Therefore, it is ideal for early harvest. In addition, the variety is characterized by high frost resistance, increased endurance and stable fruiting. However, the life potential of a tree directly depends on proper planting and further care. Therefore, you need to familiarize yourself in advance with the features of agricultural technology, taking into account the requirements of this variety.
Michurinskaya Skorospelka is characterized by abundant fruiting
The story of
This pear variety was obtained by breeders S.P. Yakovlev and A.P. Gribanovsky. Work on its removal was carried out at the All- Research Institute. Michurin. The purpose of the creation was to obtain a species with an early fruiting period and high resistance to negative external factors. Therefore, the basis for the Michurinskaya Skorospelka was a hybrid from the Ussuri pear with Bere Ligel and the Citron de Karm variety. As a result of multi-stage selection, a seedling with stable characteristics was identified, which met expectations.
As a result, in 1986, an application was submitted for variety testing. And according to their results, in 2002, the Skorospelka pear from Michurinsk was included in the State Register.
Description of the pear Skorospelka from Michurinsk
This variety highlights several features of the appearance of the tree and fruit. Knowing them, you can accurately determine the species of the seedling and avoid mistakes.
Tree
Early ripening from Michurinsk is a medium-sized or large tree, the height of which reaches 5,5-6 m. The crown is medium thickened, pyramidal or rounded. The angle of departure of the skeletal branches from the trunk is acute. The bark is gray-brown, flaky. Young shoots of Michurinskaya Skorospelka are upright, light brown. The lenticels of the tree are small, light, few in number.
The leaves are medium in size, their length is about 8 cm. The plates have widely pointed tips, and at the base they are wedge-shaped. There is a serrate serration along the edge. Petioles elongated, thin.
The flowers of Skorospelka from Michurinsk are medium in size, when fully opened, their diameter reaches 2 cm. They consist of five rounded white petals that overlap each other. The sepals are directed towards the peduncle. This pear blossoms in late April, early May and continues for ten days. Buds withstand frosts down to -3 ° C.
The annual growth of Michurinskaya Skorospelka is 0,6-0,8 m
Fruit
This variety is characterized by small fruits, the average weight of which varies from 70 to 84 g. Early ripening pears ovoid or pear-shaped. Initially, the fruits have a greenish-yellow color, and reaching consumer maturity, they lighten and become a sandy-amber hue. The integumentary part is absent or may appear as a faint, blurry blush on the sunny side. The skin is smooth, in some places there may be a slight rustiness.
The pulp is loose, juicy, creamy. Early ripening fruits are suitable for fresh consumption and processing.
Characteristic of the variety
To determine the productivity of a given fruit tree, you need to familiarize yourself with its characteristics. This will allow you to understand what growing conditions are considered the most favorable for Skorospelka from Michurinsk, which will allow you to get the maximum yield and maintain a high life potential of the pear for many years.
Palatability
The fruits of this variety have a pleasant sweet and sour taste. Their pulp is intolerant, with a slight aroma. The sugar content in pears reaches 8,2%, and ascorbic acid -135 mg per 100 g. The taste of fruits directly depends on the number of sunny days during their ripening period.
Terms of maturation
Early ripening from Michurinsk is an ultra-early pear variety. Its fruits reach consumer maturity already in the third decade of July. But depending on the region of cultivation, the ripening time may slightly shift.
Productivity
This pear variety begins to bear fruit in the fifth year after planting. Initially, the yield does not exceed 10 kg, but as the tree matures, this figure increases significantly. In favorable years for culture, Skorospelka from Michurinsk is capable of producing up to 100 kg of pears from one tree.
The yield of marketable fruits of the variety is about 91%
Frost resistance
Michurinskaya Skorospelka is characterized by increased frost resistance. The tree withstands temperatures as low as -40 °C. Moreover, it does not suffer from sudden temperature changes.
Pear pollinators Skorospelka from Michurinsk
This species is partially self-fertile. But to increase the yield, a close planting of a pollinator tree is required. It should be at a distance of 5-10 m from Skorospelka from Michurinsk. As a pollinator, the Memory of Yakovlev variety is excellent.
Growing regions
Early ripening from Michurinsk is adapted in the Central and Middle Volga regions. But judging by the reviews of gardeners, the variety shows good productivity in the northern regions of the country, if proper care is provided.
Resistance to diseases
The species has an increased resistance to scab, but is affected by moniliosis. Therefore, for its successful cultivation, it is necessary to carry out preventive treatment of the tree in spring and autumn with Bordeaux mixture or copper sulphate.
Advantages and disadvantages
Early ripening from Michurinsk has strengths and weaknesses. Therefore, when choosing this type of pear, you must familiarize yourself with them in advance.
The lifespan of a tree is about 40 years
Main advantages:
- ultra early maturation;
- abundant fruiting;
- balanced taste;
- universal application;
- high winter hardiness;
- scab immunity;
- tolerance for temperature changes.
Disadvantages:
- shrinkage of fruits with a plentiful harvest;
- affected by moniliosis.
Rules of landing
For the successful cultivation of this pear on the site, you need to properly plant. Therefore, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the features of this procedure in advance.
For Skorospelka from Michurinsk, it is necessary to choose a sunny open place, protected from cold gusts of wind. It should be borne in mind that the tree does not tolerate stagnant moisture in the soil, so the groundwater level in the area should be at least 2,5 m.
One- and two-year-old seedlings with a well-developed root system and no signs of damage by diseases and pests on the bark are suitable for planting. Two weeks before planting them in a permanent place, you need to prepare a hole measuring 80 by 80 cm. At the bottom of it, you need to put a layer of drainage 10 cm thick, and fill the rest of the space with a nutrient mixture consisting of turf, sand, humus and peat in a ratio of 2: 1 :1:1. Also, in addition to the well, you need to add 100 g of wood ash and mix it thoroughly with the ground.
Algorithm of actions:
- Make a small rise in the center of the hole.
- Put a young pear on it, gently straighten the roots.
- Water the seedling thoroughly.
- Sprinkle the roots with earth and fill in all the voids.
- Compact the soil at the base of the seedling.
The next day after planting, it is recommended to lay the mulch in the root circle to prevent the roots from drying out.
Care instructions
Early ripening from Michurinsk does not require complex care, but in order to maintain the high productivity of the tree, it is necessary to follow some rules of agricultural technology.
Pear does not respond well to drought. Therefore, it is necessary to water Skorospelka from Michurinsk regularly as needed. Humidification is especially important during the period of active vegetation, flowering and fruit set. Watering is carried out 1-2 times a month with wetting the soil in the root circle by 20 cm.
It is recommended to fertilize Skorospelka from Michurinsk three times per season. The first time it is necessary to apply fertilizer in the spring when the buds open. During this period, you can use urea 30-80 g per 10 liters of water. A second top dressing for this variety is recommended after flowering. At this time, you can use chicken manure 1:15 or mullein 1:10. And the third time you need to fertilize the pear during the formation of the ovary. During this period, it is necessary to use superphosphate 40-100 g and potassium sulfide 25-60 g per 10 liters of water.
The dosage of fertilizers must be adjusted according to the age of the pear.
This pear needs crown formation. Immediately upon planting in the spring, it is necessary to shorten the main conductor by 1/3 of the part. For the next year, it is recommended to select three side branches growing in different directions and cut them to a length of 20 cm. It is also necessary to shorten the growing point so that it is 20 cm higher than them. Next spring, you need to repeat the steps, but leave the side shoots higher than the previous ones 25 cm along the trunk. They will form the second tier of the crown. The main conductor also needs to be shortened so that its growth point is 20 cm higher from the side shoots.
Michurinskaya Skorospelka also needs regular cleaning of the crown. It involves the removal of broken, damaged and thickening branches. This will ensure good ventilation of the crown, which will reduce the likelihood of disease damage and load.
Collection and storage
It is recommended to harvest Skorospelki from Michurinsk as the fruits ripen. When the timing is delayed, the pears fall off the branches. Harvest retains consumer properties for no more than 15 days. To do this, you need to remove the pears from the tree with cuttings, put in cardboard boxes a maximum of three layers, lining them with paper.
To keep the fresh fruits of Skorospelka from Michurinsk as long as possible, you need to provide a temperature of +2 ° C and a humidity of about 60%.
The variety is suitable for whole-fruit conservation
Conclusion
Pear Skorospelka from Michurinsk is ideal for beginner gardeners, as it is undemanding to care and growing conditions. However, it should be borne in mind that the variety is considered abundantly fruitful. And if the goal is not to sell the harvest, then for the everyday life of the family it is enough to plant several cuttings of this pear on another type of crop, which will make it possible to obtain fruits in moderation.
Reviews of gardeners about pear Skorospelka from Michurinsk
