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Among the favorite fruit trees, gardeners must note the pear. The work of breeders is aimed at ensuring that pear trees can grow even in the difficult climatic conditions of Siberia and the Urals. Among the famous scientists who worked on this issue were P.N. Yakovlev, S.P. Yakovlev and Ya.S. Nesterov. By crossing two wonderful varieties “Olivier de Serre” and “Theme”, an autumn pear was obtained in memory of the breeder Yakovlev, the description of the properties of which we will devote this article to. Currently, the Yakovlev pear variety grows in different parts of Our Country, and is grown in specialized fruit nurseries.
Description of tree characteristics
Pear variety in memory of P.N. Yakovlev is in great demand, and its full description includes a description of the appearance, taste characteristics and agrotechnical nuances of cultivation. Some are more important to gardeners, some are not of paramount importance.
Description of the pear variety in memory of P.N. Yakovlev, let’s start with the fruit ripening period. After all, this is a very important characteristic. It depends on it at what time you can get a crop, and what care requirements the variety imposes.
The tree is small in size, although fast growing. The height of the tree in the Yakovlev pear variety does not exceed 1,5 – 2 meters.
The crown is rounded, medium density. The symmetrical skeleton of the Yakovlev pear is formed by branches located at right angles to the trunk.
The variety differs in that it does not have problems with the awakening of the kidneys and forms shoots well. The gray bark varies in structure. On young shoots, it is smooth and flaky on skeletal branches and trunk.
The kidneys are conical, slightly recurved. The foliage is dark green, ovoid, with teeth like a saw along the edge. Petioles are long, up to 2 cm.
The flowers of Yakovlev’s memory pear are white, large, the petals are separate, without doubleness, but very beautiful, which is confirmed by the photo.
And the main parameter in the description of Yakovlev’s pear is the fruit.
After all, they are the result of all the efforts of gardeners during the season. The fruits of the variety are large and medium with a smooth skin. The mass of one is about 200 g. The color of mature fruits is golden yellow, reminiscent of a sunburn, there are almost no subcutaneous points. The peduncle is not thick, curved, but long. Its length can reach 4,5 cm. The taste is sweet, the flesh is juicy without astringency, semi-oily.
According to reviews, the fruiting of the Yakovlev memory pear variety begins 4-5 years after planting the seedling. And gardeners get a full harvest from the age of 7 years of the tree. One Yakovleva pear at this age gives more than 20 kg of juicy fruits per season. In the future, according to gardeners, the yield of the pear in Memory of Yakovlev is constantly increasing. The fruits ripen in the second half of September, they are able to hang on a tree for quite a long time without crumbling. They keep up to 1,5 months and are great for processing. Therefore, summer residents leave a certain amount of the crop for fresh consumption, and fragrant jam and compotes are prepared from the rest of the fruits.
Advantages and disadvantages of the variety
In order for the information about the characteristics of the pear in memory of the scientist Yakovlev to be complete, it is necessary to take into account the reviews of those gardeners who grow the variety on their plots. According to the description and photos of gardeners made during the growing season of the tree, one can judge the reliability of the information and the merits of the pear in memory of Yakovlev.
Ripe fruits on the tree keep well, are also transported. Among the advantages of the variety, the following parameters should be noted:
- High level winter hardiness. Even under extreme winter conditions, freezing is fixed no higher than 2 points.
- Resistance to fruit diseases. It is noted that the variety is not affected by scab, septoria and brownish.
- Productivity. The average is 25 kg per tree.
- Keeping quality. The collected fruits are well stored, do not require special conditions.
- Precocity. According to the description of the variety, reviews and photos of gardeners, the mass ripening of fruits in the Yakovlev pear occurs already in the third year of life. And the fruiting time is early autumn, which will allow you to slowly harvest the crop before the onset of frost.
- The appearance of the tree. The harmonious arrangement of the skeletal branches and the small height of the Yakovlev memory pear variety give the tree an attractive decorative look.
- Taste qualities of fruits.
- Possibility of dense landings in small areas. It can be carried out in the conditions of a seed rootstock.
- Self-fertility. Pollinators are not required for the fruitful pear of the Yakovlev memory variety. The tree can be planted separately in the garden. But in order for pollination to take place more actively and fruiting to increase, it is recommended to plant other varieties in close proximity to Yakovlev’s memory pear. According to the description of the species and the reviews of gardeners, the best pollinators for Yakovlev’s pear memory are the Avgustovskaya or Lada varieties, which can be seen in the photo.
Augustovskaya
Lada
The winter pear variety for the garden of memory of the breeder Yakovlev does not have significant drawbacks.
But it should be noted:
- Weak drought tolerance. In years with insufficient rainfall, according to the description of the variety, the Yakovlev pear needs additional competent watering, as in the photo.
- Irregularity of ripe fruits. The deficiency is noted in mature trees in years with abundant fruiting. This is confirmed by the reviews of summer residents, a description of the characteristics of the variety and a photo of the fruits of the pear in memory of the breeder Yakovlev.
- Inclusions of stony cells in fruit pulp.
The listed parameters should not be attributed to serious shortcomings. With proper care, many manifestations can be avoided.
Planting a tree on the site
According to reviews, planting a Yakovlev pear includes standard steps:
- choice of location;
- landing pit preparation;
- seedling selection;
- landing process.
A place for a pear is chosen even and dry. Good lighting is essential. Be sure to monitor the level of groundwater. With their close location to the surface, this place will have to be abandoned. The variety needs fertile fertilized soil, which must be prepared in advance. And the place is also chosen in advance, because the pear does not like unnecessary transplants.
Before choosing a seedling, it is carefully examined. First of all, pay attention to the appearance of the seedling.
It must not have:
- no black spots;
- signs of decay;
- dried wood;
- diseased weakened roots.
To protect yourself from a poor-quality purchase, it is better to purchase a seedling in a specialized fruit nursery.
According to gardeners, the planting of Yakovlev’s memory pear variety should be carried out, strictly adhering to the description and photo of the process.
For planting, a pit is prepared with a depth of 1,2 m and a diameter of at least 0,9 cm. Such parameters must be maintained so that the developed root system of the pear seedling is not affected. The pit is prepared a week before planting.
The earth dug out of the pit is mixed with:
- humus – 3 buckets;
- sand – 2 buckets;
- potassium sulfate – 3 tablespoons;
- superphosphate – 1 cup.
The number of components is indicated for one tree. In a bucket of clean water, stir 2 cups of wood ash. For acidic soil, add the same amount of dolomite flour. Pour the pit with a solution and leave until planting.
Then a peg is driven into the hole. Its height should be higher than a pear seedling. They pour a mound of earth on the bottom, place the roots on it and gently straighten them. Now they are covered with soil, periodically shaking the seedling so that voids do not form between the roots.
The earth is compacted, the seedling is watered in two steps so that the moisture is absorbed. Mulch the near-stem circle with humus or peat.
Planting pear Yakovlev memory in the fall takes place according to the same technology, but it is acceptable in the southern regions.
Care
According to the description of the variety and photos of experienced gardeners, caring for the Yakovlev pear variety consists of the usual procedures:
- Glaze. Abundant in dry years. With an average rainfall – if necessary. Only in the first year, the seedling is watered regularly – once every three weeks. The main thing is not to overdo it, the variety does not tolerate waterlogging.
- Top dressing. In the first year, fertilizers are not required for seedlings. Just at the time of planting, certain components are added, depending on the structure of the soil, to ensure oxygen access to the roots. On sandy soil, this is peat, compost and humus. On clay – river sand, compost and peat. Legumes planted between rows feed the soil well. For a two-year-old tree, potash, phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers are applied. The first time they feed the tree before flowering, then repeat at the time of flowering and when fruit is set. Each meal is combined with watering.
- Weeding of the circumferential circle.
- Preventive and curative treatments for diseases and pests. For these purposes, fungicides or Bordeaux mixture (3%) are used. During the flowering period, the use of “Inta-Vira” or “Strobi” is permissible.
- Shaping and cutting. How to cut a pear in memory of Yakovlev, the reviews of experienced gardeners will tell you. The formation of the stem of the pear tree is carried out throughout the life of the tree, and the first pruning is done when the seedlings reach a year of age. In the future, the variety needs sanitary, rejuvenating and shaping pruning in order for the development of the tree to be correct.
- Shelter for the winter. Experienced gardeners pour water over the trunk before the onset of frost. The icy bole protects the tree from frost.
Judging by the description, reviews and photos, the Yakovlev pear does not need special conditions for growing, therefore it is found everywhere.
Reviews
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