Pear Bryansk beauty: variety description, photo, reviews

The early autumn pear variety Bryansk Beauty was created at the end of the 2010th century on the basis of the All- Breeding and Technical Institute of the Bryansk Region. The originators of the variety A. Vysotsky and N. Rozhnov, by crossing the types of New Year and Williams Rouge Delbara, received a new, elite variety. In XNUMX, after testing, the fruit crop was entered into the State Register. The presented description, photos and reviews of the Bryansk beauty pear will help to get a general picture of the fruit tree recommended for cultivation in the Black Earth region, the Central strip of Our Country. Due to frost resistance, the pear variety is grown in the Urals.

Description of the pear variety Bryansk beauty

Fruit tree of medium height (about 5 m), forms a crown one meter from the ground. Description of the pear Bryansk beauty (shown in the photo):

1. The crown is not sprawling, pyramidal in shape, the frequency of upright branches is average. The central shoots and trunk are brown with a dark red tint. Young shoots of burgundy color as they grow acquire a common color with perennials.
2. The leaves are medium in size, oblong-oval in shape with a pointed top. The surface is smooth, glossy, dark green. The leaves on the growth of a rich bright burgundy color, as the upper fruit bud forms, the color changes to light green.
3. Pear blossoms profusely in mid-May. The flowers are white, collected in inflorescences of 3-5 pieces. Not all fruits give, some of the flowers crumble before the formation of the ovary.

Fruit Characteristics

The fruit crop is classified as early-growing, the pear gives its first harvest in the third year after vaccination. By the age of six, the culture fully bears fruit. A tree grown by the seedling method forms the first fruits after 5 years of growth. This is one of the few pear varieties that is compatible with quince rootstock.

External characteristics of pear fruits Bryansk Beauty:

• correct elongated pear shape;
• pears are all the same size, average weight 250g;
• the skin is dense, tough, at the stage of technical ripeness the color is green with a small red pigment on the side in the form of an oval (blush);
• the surface is uneven, bumpy;
• ripened fruits of yellow color, the pigment coating is dark purple, matte, occupies half of the fruit;
• light beige pulp, juicy, fine-grained, aromatic;
• the taste is sweet with a slight presence of acid.

Pear Bryansk Beauty ripens in mid-September. Once harvested, fruits are stored for two weeks.

Pros and cons of the pear variety Bryansk beauty

Bryansk beauty belongs to the elite dessert varieties, has a number of advantages:

1. An early crop brings a crop for 3-5 years of vegetation.
2. It tolerates low temperatures well.
3. Resistant to a number of garden pests.
4. It is immune to fungal infection.
5. The plant is self-pollinating.
6. In the six-year period reaches full fruiting.
7. Excellent taste characteristics and aesthetic appearance of the crown.
8. When creating the optimum temperature, the fruits are stored for a long time.

The disadvantages of pears include the instability of the crop. With a lack of moisture, the fruits lose their taste.

Optimal growing conditions

The culture was created for cultivation in the Black Earth zone of Our Country, over time, the range spread to the Central part. There is a pear Bryansk beauty in the Moscow region, Chelyabinsk and Omsk regions. To obtain a stable harvest, a number of conditions are observed to determine a permanent place for a pear. The site should be well lit, located on the south or west side. The best option is behind the wall of the building, so the young tree will be protected from the north wind. The lack of ultraviolet light slows down the vegetation, young pear shoots give elongated, thin, flowering will be inferior.

The soil for pear Bryansk beauty choose loamy or sandy, neutral. If the soil is acidic, alkaline products are applied in the fall. A fruit tree will not grow in a wetland; close-lying waters cause root rot. The soil is chosen fertile and well-drained.

Planting and caring for a pear Bryansk beauty

In the Central part of the Federation, the Bryansk beauty pear is planted in the spring before bud breaks on the seedling, they do this after the temperature has been established above zero and the threat of spring frosts has passed. In autumn, planting is not carried out due to the fact that frosts are possible at the end of September and the unrooted plant will die. In the Southern regions, planting work is carried out in the fall 21 days before the temperature drops.

Planting material is chosen for one-year, less often two-year growth period with a well-developed root system without dry fragments and rot. Shoots should be with even bark, without mechanical damage. On the trunk above the root neck, compaction (grafting site) should be visually determined.

Rules of landing

For planting pears, a hole is prepared in advance. The removed layer of fertile soil is mixed with organic matter, superphosphate and potassium are added, 120 g each. The roots of the seedling are lowered for 40 minutes into the Kornevin solution, which stimulates growth. Action algorithm:

1. A stake is driven into the recess (75×100 cm), shifting it from the center by 15 cm.
2. Part of the mixture is poured into a cone.
3. They put a seedling, evenly distribute the roots along the bottom of the pit, if the planting material from the container is placed in the center with an earthen clod by transshipment.
4. Sprinkle the seedling with the remaining mixture.
5. Tied to a support, compacted the ground, watered.

A prerequisite for planting is that the vaccination site should be located 7 cm above the ground. During spring planting, the pear is shortened, this helps to stimulate the growth of side shoots.

Watering and top dressing

The pear is demanding for watering (especially in the first years of growth). With a moisture deficit, the vegetation of young shoots slows down, the ovaries are poorly formed, the yield level drops, and the fruits lose their taste. For an adult tree, abundant watering is carried out during flowering. The young culture is watered into pre-made furrows 20 cm deep, the procedure is carried out once a week. Loosen the soil, mulch with straw or humus.

Planting rules provide for the placement of a pear in a prepared fertile mixture. Feeding the first 3 years is not required. In the fourth year, in early spring (before bud break), urea or nitrate is added. In autumn, they are fed with organic matter, phosphorus and potassium.

The main top dressing falls on the period when the pear fully bears fruit:

• in spring, before flowering, urea is scattered near the tree along the perimeter of the crown;
• after flowering, “Cafor K” is applied;
• when the pear sheds part of the ovaries, fertilize with ash or a phosphorus agent;
• during the ripening of the fruit, the tree is sprayed with magnesium sulfate;
• in the fall, after leaf fall, “Fertik autumn” (complex fertilizer) or organic matter is applied, and the soil of the root circle is dug up.

Once every five years, acidic soils are neutralized with dolomite flour.

Trimming

The formation of the pear crown begins immediately after planting, the seedling is shortened to 65 cm. For five years, the formation of a fruit tree has been carried out:

1. On an annual tree, green shoots are fixed in a horizontal position.
2. Of these, next spring they form the skeletal frame of the first tier (3 branches), remove the fourth part of the length. In summer, the tops are broken off, this is necessary for the pear to give new shoots.
3. The second tier is formed in the third year from two branches (according to the same scheme). In early July, pinch the tops of young shoots.
4. The last (third) tier consists of 3 frame branches, they are shortened by a quarter.

The crown should contain longer and thicker lower branches, the next shorter and thinner than the previous ones. The tree thus formed has a pyramidal crown.

An adult pear over five years old is sanitary pruned every spring and autumn, removing dry branches. Liquefy the crown, cut off excess shoots and shoots near the root.

Whitewash

Larvae of garden pests, fungus spores overwinter in the bark of a tree. Whitewashing the trunk helps to destroy parasitic microorganisms and insects. Work is carried out in autumn and spring. At the beginning of the growing season, moss and old bark are removed from the tree, then the tree is whitewashed. Processing will protect the pear from ultraviolet burns. Use lime, water-based or acrylic paint.

Preparation for winter

Pear Bryansk Beauty is a frost-resistant crop that can withstand temperatures as low as 28⁰ C. Preparation for winter includes abundant watering, mulching with peat, straw, needles. Young trees are covered with canvas or agrofiber.

Pollinators

The culture is self-pollinating, this feature contributes to fruiting. According to gardeners, the pear variety Bryansk beauty gives a big harvest if it grows with another variety, so it is recommended to place several types of crops in one area or in neighboring ones. Optimal pollinators are pears Moskvichka, Lada Amurskaya. The trees bloom at the same time, increasing the level of fruiting of the Bryansk beauty.

Productivity

The flowering of the culture falls on late dates; the flowers do not die from the return spring frosts. The variety is self-fertile. Pear Bryansk beauty does not belong to a high-yielding variety. Abundant flowering gives a large number of ovaries, but most of them fall off. On average, 19 kg of fruits are removed from a pear. Subject to the conditions of agricultural technology: top dressing, watering, pruning, neutral soil and the proximity of pollinators, the yield increases by 10 kg.

Diseases and pests

Pear Bryansk beauty is distinguished by high immunity, rarely affected by infection. In cold summers with heavy rainfall, scab may appear on leaves and fruits. Before flowering, the pear is treated with copper sulphate, after the fruits are set with “Raik”, “Gamair”. Of the pests, the gall mite is a threat. In order to prevent in early spring, young leaves and buds are sprayed with Decis or Inta Virom. After flowering with colloidal sulfur.

Reviews of the pear Bryansk beauty

Conclusion

 Description, photos and reviews of the Bryansk beauty pear allow you to determine whether the variety is suitable for planting in a particular region. The culture is adapted to the weather conditions of a temperate climate, produces fruits with a high gastronomic assessment, is undemanding in agricultural technology and is resistant to diseases and pests.