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Papillomatous nevus – This is a benign formation that looks like a bumpy mole that appears above the surface of the skin, outwardly similar to a papilloma. The main place of localization of the “mole” is the scalp, it is also formed in other places. Removal is recommended for frequent injuries, inflammatory processes, the desire to part with a pronounced cosmetic defect.
Causes of papillomatous nevus
Papillomatous nevus can be acquired or congenital (already present in a child at birth) in nature. The causes of occurrence are poorly understood. Basically, doctors talk about a malformation of embryonic development, leading to a concentration of pigment cells in the skin.
During pregnancy, they pose a threat:
radiation;
toxic poisoning;
infections of the urinary system;
changes in the level of estrogen in the blood of a pregnant woman.
A birthmark papillomatous spot may not make itself felt for a long time after birth. With age, a slow growth of education occurs, coming to the final size by about 20-30 years of a person’s life.
Types of papillomatous nevus
Doctors divide papillomatous nevus into two forms: organic, disseminated:
The most popular type is organic papillomatous nevus. Typical features are single formations, location on a wide base, a slight elevation above the skin. Colors – all shades of brown, ranging from brown to light gray. Outwardly, it looks like a combination of small papillary outgrowths covered with a dense stratum corneum.
Papillomatous nevus, which appeared in a disseminated form, has the appearance of multiple “plaques” dispersed throughout the body. Often, such formations become a manifestation of epilepsy, a sign of a disease of the central nervous system. Birthmarks can grow in size, fall off on their own during life.
Treatment of papillomatous nevus
Constant discomfort is one of the main reasons for getting rid of papillomatous nevus. Given that the main places of its localization are the scalp, face, neck, it spoils the appearance. Also, in the process of combing, washing the head, putting on clothes, the formation is constantly injured. And, finally, the indication for removal is the progressive growth of the mole, the symptoms of its transformation into a malignant form.
The radio wave method, electrocoagulation, cryodestruction, laser – these are the options for dealing with papillomatous nevus offered by modern medicine.
The choice of method depends on the location, size of the mole, the individual characteristics of the patient:
Laser removal it is advisable when it comes to formations localized on the face, neck. An excellent cosmetic result is ensured if the patient properly cares for the wound after the procedure. The technique is not used in situations that are unclear in terms of diagnostics. Removal by laser does not allow subsequent histological examination.
Cryodestruction relevant if the papillomatous nevus is concentrated on hidden areas of the body, the scalp. To remove the formation, you need to carefully choose a clinic and a doctor. Unprofessionalism can cause scarring and burns after the procedure, which is associated with excessive “pressure” of liquid nitrogen. The technique also leaves no room for histological analysis of the removed mole.
Electrocoagulation – a technique that attracts with the possibility of an accurate histological examination. However, the site of removal of the nevus can be “decorated” with a prominent scar, so the method is rarely used.
Radio wave method demonstrates excellent results, tissue healing after surgery is not accompanied by the appearance of scars. There are no problems with histological analysis.
Surgical excision is used if the papillomatous formation is large. A cosmetic defect after a professional operation using special sutures will not be too noticeable.
The doctor will tell you the optimal technique after conducting the necessary studies (dermatoscopy, biopsy, visual examination).
Cryodestruction
Cryodestruction involves local freezing of tissues located in pathological areas. The temperature of liquid nitrogen allows you to start the processes of cryonecrosis, tissue death. If the specialist performing the operation has sufficient experience, there will be no cosmetic defects in the form of scars. The healing process takes place under a dry “crust”, within 14-20 days it is independently rejected.
The number of procedures depends on the condition of the mole, in some cases one is not enough.
Laser removal
The absence of postoperative complications in the form of scars, inflammatory processes, the absolute painlessness of the procedure, quick recovery are the main reasons for the popularity of the laser as a tool for removing papillomatous nevus. The high temperature guarantees the destruction of bacteria.
The duration of layer-by-layer removal of a nevus depends on its size. For large formations (and at the request of the patient), local anesthesia is used. In the healing process, proper care of the wound is required, avoiding damage to it. In rare situations of scarring, laser correction is available, after which they become invisible.
radio wave removal
The duration of the removal of the papillomatous nevus by the radio wave method is about 2 minutes. The correct technique of work ensures that the patient does not have scars after the operation. The antiseptic action of the radio wave guarantees the absence of infiltrates, edema, suppuration and infection. High frequency does not stimulate nerve endings, so there is no pain (not only during the procedure, but also during the healing period).
It is the radio wave method that guarantees the fastest recovery of the skin after the procedure, gives an excellent cosmetic result, and can be used to get rid of formations on the face and other significant areas. The destruction of the cells of the removed material does not occur, so there are no problems with histological examination.
Electrocoagulation
Electrocoagulation is recommended by doctors if the papillomatous nevus has a small size, a small base. Among the advantages of the procedure are also a quick recovery, a short duration of the operation, maintaining the integrity of healthy areas, bloodlessness. However, electrocoagulation cannot guarantee the absolute absence of cosmetic defects; it is not recommended for localization on the face.
Surgical removal
There are cases when it is impossible to avoid resorting to a scalpel (malignant degeneration of a mole, the patient has contraindications to other methods). The surgical technique, to which there are almost no contraindications, guarantees the absence of relapses, since healthy tissue is captured. Its main disadvantage is the likelihood of preserving an ugly scar. The procedure is performed using local anesthesia.
All owners of papillomatous nevi should definitely visit a dermatologist from time to time, together with him make a decision to remove or preserve the skin formation.