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An oncologist is a specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of patients diagnosed with oncological pathology.
What does an oncologist do?
An oncologist-therapist is engaged in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of pathological oncologies. Treatment can be carried out in stationary conditions and free hospitals.
Oncology is a serious pathological process and the most common cause of death. Therefore, oncologists are now very popular.
You can contact such doctors not only in the conditions of your clinic, but also in specialized centers (they treat only cancer patients). Any, even a benign tumor, can adversely affect the functions of various organs of the human body.
The therapist is directly involved in the treatment of all kinds of complications, but the surgeon is already involved in the removal of neoplasms.
What organs diagnoses and treats
At the first examination, the doctor prescribes a comprehensive diagnosis. It includes: a clinical blood test, a laboratory test for the presence of tumor markers, scraping, puncture and microscopic examination of a baked piece from a neoplasm.
If the diagnosis is confirmed, then the oncologist-therapist prescribes an additional examination in the form of: ultrasound diagnostics, fibrocolonoscopy (assessment of the condition of the inner surface of the large intestine), gastroscopy (visual examination of the walls of the stomach and esophagus), computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray examination, gamma scintigraphy.
Very often, in order to make an accurate diagnosis, an oncologist-therapist cannot do without consulting a neurosurgeon, an oncologist, an oncologist-proctologist, a mammologist-oncologist, a hematologist, and other doctors.
It is very important for the doctor to teach the patient to independently examine the mammary glands and nodes of the lymphatic system.
What are the symptoms to see a specialist
To date, there are more than two hundred varieties of tumor processes. Each of them has its own symptoms.
Scientists from all over the world have conducted many instrumental and laboratory studies to determine the most important of them. So, the eight main signs of cancer:
- anemia;
- hematuria;
- cough with bloody sputum;
- hard, noisy, quiet breathing;
- seals in the mammary glands;
- seals in the prostate gland;
- bloody discharge in the stool.
Of course, all these signs do not always indicate the presence of this terrible disease. But, if they are observed regularly, then at least one of the above signs should be a serious reason for visiting a doctor.
Diseases treated by a doctor
Unfortunately, cancer is becoming more and more common these days. Timely access to such doctors will help to diagnose in time:
- blood cancer of acute and chronic form, which can cause serious disturbances in the hematopoietic system or completely stop its formation and suppress the functionality of the immune system;
- trophoblast pathology. Trophoblast is a temporary organ that is responsible for attaching the embryo to the uterus;
- neoplasms of a malignant nature in the form of birthmarks and moles;
- tumor processes of the nodes of the lymphatic system, which can quickly spread through the vessels;
- tumor process in the plasma cells of the bone marrow. It is also called intraepithelial cancer in another way;
- malignant tumors in soft tissue;
- epithelial neoplasms in the ovaries, adrenal glands, thyroid gland, prostate, and so on;
- benign neoplasms in the lungs and chest;
- neoplasms affecting the central nervous system;
- cardiac tumor processes;
- various neoplasms of female organs.
At the first signs of such diseases, you should immediately contact an oncologist-therapist.
Remember that any neoplasm is benign for a long time, so timely diagnosis will allow you to carry out appropriate treatment on time and prevent serious violations.
Features and methods of treatment of an oncologist-therapist
As soon as the patient is diagnosed with a tumor process, it is the responsibility of the doctor to assess the situation. He must also make a serious decision in choosing a treatment method. Treatment can be surgical or medical.
If the patient is in serious condition and there is no way to bring him to the hospital, then you can call a specialist at home. After the treatment, the oncologist-therapist must monitor the patient’s condition, constantly monitor the laboratory parameters of urine and blood, the work of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems.
The doctor must timely diagnose all the adverse reactions that may occur against the background of radiation and chemotherapy. If a reaction is present, then it must be eliminated. This is what a doctor of this medical profile should do.
The duties of an oncologist-therapist include monitoring patients who have undergone surgery, as well as patients diagnosed with a benign tumor. He can also prescribe appropriate treatment, correct the diagnosis according to the degree of development of the oncological process and form a health group.
In the conditions of the clinic, sanitary educational work is carried out together with related specialists. The main goal of this work is the timely diagnosis of oncological pathologies and the improvement of the quality of examination of patients with oncological diseases.