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A good harvest in the garden is the main task of both a competent agronomist and an ordinary amateur gardener who has a small area to work and grows potatoes, garden crop seedlings and grapes. To achieve this goal, you need to work hard, since each stage of the growing season of potatoes, seedlings and grapes lays the percentage of seed yield in the future. To obtain a high percentage of the crop, both on large plantations and small summer cottages, various mineral fertilizers are used that stimulate the growth of crops, including potatoes, seedlings and grapes. The mineral agrochemical nitroammophoska today occupies a leading position among agricultural technicians of all levels. Consider what this top dressing is, and what are the instructions for use for the growth of the most popular crops.
Fertilizer composition
The chemical composition of superphosphate called nitroammofoska is represented by the following formula – NH4H2PO4 + NH4NO3 + KCL. The formula encodes three components known to everyone: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.
It is this ratio that can favorably and quickly influence the growth of culture. Release form of superphosphate:
- gray granules;
- mineral liquid substance.
In the form of granules, an agrochemical is usually applied during the main sowing or pre-sowing work, but the mineral liquid is better suited for foliar feeding of plants, both garden and garden. Nitrogen, as one of the three components, in this fertilizer is presented in an easily digestible form, which allows it to be used for a wide range of crops. Phosphorus, as the main element of growth, is represented in NPK by three types:
- Monocalcium phosphate;
- Dicalcium Phosphate;
- ammonium phosphate.
Such a triad of components allows phosphorus to be easily and quickly transformed into the form that is necessary for the nutrition of a particular plant. This is precisely what is explained by such a rapid effect after the introduction of useful fertilizer.
Advantages and disadvantages
Despite the high popularity of superphosphate among experienced agricultural technicians and lovers of growing potatoes or seedlings, before using the tool, you should learn about the pros and cons of its use. Nitroammophoska, like any other mineral component, has both advantages and disadvantages. What are the advantages of using:
- Long storage period of the fertilizer – throughout the entire shelf life of the granules remain completely crumbly.
- High concentration of growth stimulants. The total part of the active substances in superphosphate is at least 30% of the total weight.
- Unlike single-component fertilizers, nitroammofosk fertilizer is less fixed by the soil.
- One small granule contains three active elements at once, which means that you will have to spend less on the purchase of fertilizers in general.
- Easily soluble in water.
- Depending on the type of crop, the yield with the use of a growth stimulator can increase from 30 to 70%.
What is the disadvantage of using this type of fertilizer:
- Nitroammophoska is an agrochemical with an inorganic nature of origin.
- Illiterate fertilization can lead to the accumulation of nitrates in the soil.
- The substance is highly flammable and even explodes.
- Relatively short shelf life of the fertilizer.
Video “Necessary information about nitroammofosk”
All about the use of nitroammophoska.
Popular species
Despite the fact that the composition always has the above three components, its individual types are distinguished depending on the concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Different brands of nitroammofoska with different ratios of components are necessary for more efficient use of the product on various types of soil. Consider fertilizer brands:
- NPK 16:16:16. A composition with such a ratio assumes the presence of all three components in equal proportions. Thus, the total proportion of active substances in the total mass reaches 48%. The scope of application is quite extensive: almost all plants in the pre-sowing and post-sowing period.
- NPK 15:15:20, 13:13:24,8, 24:24:XNUMX grades contain an increased proportion of potassium. It is effective to use such a composition of superphosphate on chernozem soils to obtain high yields of potatoes, grapes and various seedlings.
Depending on the type of soil and the cultivated crop, you can independently choose the brand of agrochemical with the desired proportion of the main components.
Terms of Use
The substance has an increased explosiveness, so the first rule for use is to avoid heating the nitroammophoska granules. The optimal storage location is a building made of brick or concrete, where the average daily temperature does not exceed plus 30. Air humidity should not exceed 50%. Do not store superphosphate with other compounds. It is strictly forbidden to use heating devices and open fire near the storage place. The optimal shelf life of top dressing is 6 months. For transportation, use land transport, and transport the substance both in packaged form and in bulk.
If we talk about the types of soils and methods of using granules, then superphosphate allows you to collect the best potato yields on chernozems and alumina. The denser the soil, the longer it takes for the fertilizer to react. Therefore, on heavy soils, nitroammofosk fertilizer should be applied in the fall, and for light soils, spring feeding of seedlings is optimal.
What plants can be used
Nitroammophoska fertilizer has been used by farmers for more than a dozen years. At the same time, some are wary of such a composition, since top dressing during the entire growing season is fraught with the accumulation of nitrates in the soil and plant tissues. However, if you stop fertilizing in advance, then the harvest is as “healthy” as possible. Fertilizer can be used with many crops. Fertilization scheme for the most popular crops:
- potatoes – 20 grams per 1 sq.m;
- tomato seedlings – 20 grams per 1 sq.m;
- berries (currants and gooseberries) – it is enough to apply 65-70 grams of fertilizer under one bush;
- raspberries and blackberries – 35 grams per 1 sq.m;
- fruit trees and top dressing of grapes – 70-90 grams.
Fertilizer must be mixed with the soil around the trunk. This instruction is only a recommendation, since the exact dose of fertilizer application depends on the type of soil and the growing season of the crop. The use of such a fertilizer on plantations and a small summer cottage is a saving of money and time, since the concentration of the composition is quite high. Therefore, to feed even a large area, much less nitroammophoska will be required than other mineral fertilizers.
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