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Mycoplasmas are one of the smallest microorganisms (microorganisms). They do not contain the cell wall, yet they are classified as bacteria. Although mycoplasma is associated with the trigger for pneumonia, it can also cause many other neurological and cardiological conditions.
The most common infections occur in autumn in temperate regions. They appear in people of all ages, but mainly in the 5-20 age group.
Infection occurs via droplets. It is also possible through direct contact with a sick person. Outbreaks occur every 4-5 years and can persist for several months. They occur in closed environments, which include family or school, as well as barracks.
Mycoplasma infection in children up to 5 years of age, it causes an infection, which usually occurs as an infection of the lower respiratory tract, manifested mainly by coughing. In adolescents and the elderly, pathogens to which it belongs Mycoplasma pneumoniae lead to an infection such as interstitial pneumonia (or atypical pneumonia). It is worth knowing that only some species of mycoplasma are pathogenic, while others are not harmful. The fight of antibiotics against infections is often made difficult because of pathogens Mycoplasma pneumoniae they are inside cells and therefore access to them is significantly limited.
Symptoms of mycoplasma
The first symptoms of infection it is often a sore throat, cough, fever and headache. However, there is no runny nose that usually occurs with viral infections. The disease affects the respiratory system gradually spreading to the larynx, bronchi and pleural tissue. Additionally, symptoms such as lack of appetite or general weakness can be observed. In addition to symptoms from the digestive system, symptoms coming from other parts of the body should also be mentioned.
There is also a joint form of this disease characterized by acute arthritis. There is redness, swelling and pain in the area of the affected joint. During infection, blisters and erythema may appear on the skin, additionally, fever and general weakness may occur. Mycoplasma infection can result in myocarditis and, to a lesser extent, even meningitis.
If the infection continues or treatment is not working as expected, other tests should be performed. A photo will help chest x-rays. Interstitial changes and pleural effusion may be seen. Mycoplasmas can be detected by PCR tests. Although it is an expensive method, it allows for earlier determination of changes and is effective in the case of disorders of the immune system.
Mycoplasma – treatment
For the treatment of infection caused by mycoplasma pathogens the best are macrolide antibiotics and tetracycline antibiotics (doxycycline). Treatment usually takes about 10 days to minimize the risk of the infection returning. Additionally, antipyretic drugs can be used.