Monkey pox in Poland. Mandatory hospitalization and 21-day quarantine

On June 10, Health Minister Adam Niedzielski informed about the first case of monkey pox in Poland. What procedures apply in such a situation? At the end of May, an ordinance was published, according to which people suffering from monkey pox, infected with the monkey pox virus and suspected of being infected will be obligatorily hospitalized. Quarantine for 21 days in case of exposure to monkey pox or contact with the monkey pox virus.

1. Monkey pox is a rare tropical zoonotic disease. In most cases, it is harmless. So far, it has been endemic in Africa 
2. It first appeared in Europe in early May, specifically in Great Britain. She arrived in Poland on June 10
3. People suffering from monkey pox, infected with the monkey pox virus and suspected of being infected will be obligatorily hospitalized.
4. You can find more such stories on the TvoiLokony home page

Monkey pox – obligatory hospitalization and 21-day quarantine

On May 27, Health Minister Adam Niedzielski signed three ordinances in response to cases of monkey pox in Europe.

These are: the regulation on monkey pox and monkey pox infections, the amendment to the regulation on the reporting of suspected and diagnosed infections, infectious diseases and deaths due to them, and the amendment to the regulation on infectious diseases causing obligatory hospitalization.

1. In the first regulation, the minister of health announced that monkey pox and monkey pox infections were covered by the provisions on preventing and combating infections and infectious diseases in humans.
2. The second ordinance requires a doctor or a medical assistant to report cases of suspected or diagnosed monkey pox or death due to it to the locally competent state sanitary inspector. Applications must be made by phone and confirmed in paper or electronic form.
3. The third regulation introduces the obligation to hospitalize infected or sick people, as well as people suspected of being infected or contracted with monkey pox. It also introduces the obligation of quarantine or epidemiological supervision in the event of exposure to monkey pox or being in contact with the monkey pox virus. Mandatory quarantine for monkey pox is to be 21 days – as in the case of Ebola (EVD), smallpox and viral hemorrhagic fever – starting on the day following the last day of exposure or exposure.

Monkey pox did not occur in Poland before

In the justification to the regulations, it was indicated that monkey pox had never occurred in Poland, therefore it was not included in the list of infectious diseases and infections referred to in Art. 3 sec. 1 of the Act of 5 December 2008 on the prevention and combating of infections and infectious diseases in humans.

The monkey pox is reported to be an infectious disease caused by the monkey pox virus. This virus – along with the smallpox virus eradicated in the world in 1980 – belongs to the genus Orthopoxvirus. The animal reservoir of the monkey pox virus belonging to the genus Orthopoxvirus is rodents found in the rainforests of West and Central Africa. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo (former Zaire) epidemics of this disease have been recorded for many years.

Since 2016, cases have also been reported in Sierra Leone, Liberia, the Central African Republic and Nigeria. The increase in disease incidence is attributed to the cessation of smallpox vaccination, which was completed in 1980 due to the eradication of the disease, and the expiration of immunity in people vaccinated with the smallpox vaccine, which also offered cross-protection against smallpox.

In the previous years, cases and outbreaks of monkey pox were limited to African countries, while imports to Europe took the form of individual cases and did not become the origin of outbreaks. Multiple cases (focal), as stated in the justification, have already occurred in over 30 countries, mainly in Europe, as well as the USA, Australia, Canada, Argentina and the United Arab Emirates. The highest number of cases was recorded in Spain, the United Kingdom and Portugal.

The monkey pox virus occurs in two lines: West African and Central African, which differ in the mortality rate – in the health and healthcare conditions of African countries where the disease occurred – respectively about 1 percent. cases and about 10 percent. cases. During the 2003 human disease epidemic in six US states (35 confirmed cases, 13 probable cases and 22 suspects) caused by animals imported from Africa, no deaths were recorded.

The justification indicated that the source of the current outbreaks in Europe is the West African line virus. Preliminary studies of the monkey pox virus genetic material have not yet revealed a mutation that could explain the spread of cases in Europe. «In this situation, the more likely cause may be the so-called superspraeding, that is transmission through an infected person or persons with a large number of direct social contacts »- we read in the justification.

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