Contents
Mock orange is a perennial deciduous plant, naturally distributed in America and Asia. In Our Country, garden jasmine is found in the Caucasus. The culture is thermophilic with a low threshold of frost resistance. Thanks to breeding work, varieties have been created that are adapted to the weather conditions of a temperate climate. Planting and caring for mock orange in Siberia does not differ from agricultural technology in the southern latitudes, the main condition is the choice of a variety with high frost resistance.
Is it possible to grow mock orange in Siberia and the Urals
The cultivation of mock orange in Siberia and the Urals became possible after breeding varieties adapted to the cold winters of the region. In the ornamental gardening of Siberia, about 30 varieties with a high frost resistance index are used. Basically, these are mock orange hybrids bred by the breeder Vekhov N.V.
Wild-growing species do not bloom for long, tall shrubs – up to 4 m. Varietal representatives of mock orange with abundant long flowering time with double and simple flowers. The crown size is from dwarf forms to medium sizes. In Siberia, the culture is in high demand among gardeners. Grown as a design element for the design of plots and gardens. Mock orange is undemanding in agricultural technology, responds well to molding, grows rapidly, blooms for 2 years after planting.
In Siberia, mock orange is grown to create a hedge. Include in the composition with roses, spirea, hydrangea. The shrub is planted near the wall of the building, along the perimeter of the rockery, in the rock garden. The mock orange is harmoniously combined with dwarf forms of conifers. Decorative culture in Siberia retains until late autumn, in September, the crown of garden jasmine turns bright yellow.
Varieties of mock orange for Siberia and the Urals
Choose varieties of mock orange according to the design decision. Varieties differ among themselves not only in appearance, height of the bush, but also in the flowering period. The main requirement for mock orange is resistance to frost and adverse environmental factors. All varieties recommended for temperate climates are highly resistant to diseases and pests, unpretentious in care. Below are photos and descriptions of several of the most frost-resistant mock orange varieties suitable for growing in Siberia.
Chubushnik Tonkolistnyi
The earliest variety of Siberia, blooming in early June, flowering duration – 33 days. Resists frost down to -30 0C. Refers to tall representatives. The wild-growing species is found in Siberia, the Urals and the Far East, the main accumulation is observed on the edges of mixed forests, at the foot of the rocky mountains.
External characteristics of the mock orange:
- branched, sprawling shrub of rounded shape, length of perennial stems – 2-2,5 m;
- shoots slightly pubescent, bark up to 2 years is smooth, brown, at an older age the surface becomes rough, the bark exfoliates in narrow ribbons, the color becomes dark gray;
- the leaf plate is thin with a flat surface, the leaves are 8 cm long, rounded with wavy edges, arranged oppositely;
- inflorescences are large, long, 5-8 flowered;
- flowers are simple, white, 3,5 cm in diameter, petals are oval, stamens are white, long, numerous with bright yellow anthers.
Mock orange thin-leaved has a pronounced pleasant aroma.
Mock orange large-flowered
The most common variety of mock orange in Siberia is Large-flowered. The culture is frost-resistant, with an average flowering period, the duration of which is 28 days (from July to August).
Bush up to 3 m high. Dense leafy, sprawling, branched, spherical shape. The flowers are semi-double, white, large, diameter – 4-5 cm. The inflorescences are long, the density is 3-5 flowers.
Erectus
The photo shows a hybrid form of mock orange Erectus, common in Siberia. Valued for its high decorative habit. Culture of the average flowering period, duration – 35 days from July to the end of August. In September, the color of the leaves turns red-yellow.
External description:
- height – 1,2-1,5 m;
- the bush is compact, narrow, with a weeping type of stem growth;
- shoots are thin, gray;
- the crown is dense, densely leafy with narrow, dark green lanceolate leaves;
- inflorescences are formed on the tops of the shoots of the current year;
- flowering is abundant, the flowers are large, white, simple, diameter – 4 cm, the petals are rounded, lowered.
The hybrid has no smell.
Chubushnik Unusual
The breeding variety of the unusual mock orange was created specifically for the Urals, Siberia and the Moscow region. The culture is characterized by a compact crown, the height of the central shoots does not exceed 1 m. Curved shoots with drooping tops and dark red bark give refinement to the shrub. The cultivar got its name because of the unusual color of the flowers.
The flowers consist of 4 cream-colored petals at the base with a bright crimson fragment. The brightness of the color depends on the lighting, the spot turns out to be more saturated in color with a sufficient amount of ultraviolet radiation. The leaves are oblong with a sharp apex, pubescent, with large-toothed edges. The mock orange variety is early, flowering occurs from June to July. The aroma is subtle with a pleasant strawberry tinge.
Elbrus
An elite breeding variety of mock orange, widely used for design in the botanical gardens of Siberia. Frost resistance is satisfactory for a temperate climate, freezing of young shoots can be observed without shelter. Flowering is abundant from July, duration – 25 days.
Hybrid description:
- the crown is spreading, the height of the bush is 1,3 m;
- the leaves are narrow, light green, thick with smooth edges, pubescent below, turn yellow in autumn;
- double flowers, white, large, diameter – 5,5-6 cm;
- the brush is long – up to 7 cm, the arrangement of flowers is dense;
- variety with a delicate unobtrusive aroma.
Planting and caring for mock orange in the Urals and Siberia
Mock orange is an unpretentious culture, it can grow on any soil, both in an open area and in partial shade. Mock orange is grown in Siberia for decorative gardening. Blooming and growing garden jasmine will be better if the conditions for choosing a place and planting dates are met.
Recommended dates
Planting a mock orange in Siberia is best done in the fall. The plant takes root well and quickly on the site, the shrub is placed in the ground in mid-September or early October, so that at least 30 days remain before the onset of frost. During this period, the mock orange will take root completely. Spring planting for Siberia is not suitable. The seedling is placed in the soil until the buds swell; in a temperate climate, the soil will not have time to warm up by this time.
Site selection and soil preparation
All varieties and hybrids of mock orange are light-loving; for photosynthesis, the culture needs a sufficient supply of sunlight. In partial shade or under a dense crown of large-sized shrubs, the shrub stretches out, poorly gaining green mass, flowering is not abundant, the flowers are small. All of these factors affect the decorativeness of the plant, it loses its value. Therefore, the place is taken away open, with good air circulation.
Soils are chosen fertile, light, dry, aerated. The composition is neutral, the mock orange will not grow on acidic or alkaline, if necessary, the composition is adjusted. The place for landing is prepared 10 days before the event. A pit is dug in a cone-shaped shape, diameter and depth – 55 cm. The bottom is covered with a drainage cushion, 1 day before planting the mock orange, the depression is filled with water.
Landing algorithm
A seedling is taken from one year of vegetation, the root system is disinfected with a solution of manganese and placed in a preparation – a growth stimulator for 3 hours. During this time, a soil mixture is prepared from peat, humus, compost, soil from the planting site in equal parts. If the soil is heavy add sand to about 30% of the total volume.
Action sequence:
- Part of the nutrient substrate is poured into the bottom of the pit, poured with water.
- Place a seedling in the center.
- Fill to the edge of the recess with the mixture.
- Top with dry soil.
- After 1 day, mulch with sawdust or peat.
If, after planting, the root neck is covered with soil no more than 3 cm, the earth will settle after watering. It is not recommended to deepen below, so as not to provoke decay. The best option is that the neck should be at the level of the surface. Distance for mass planting to create a hedge – 70 cm.
Growing mock orange in Siberia and the Urals
The photo shows the last stage of planting mock orange in Siberia, for further growth, the seedling needs appropriate care, it consists in watering, feeding and pruning. All varieties recommended for a temperate climate are highly frost-resistant; after freezing of the shoots, they quickly recover. To avoid a stressful situation, it is better to cover the plant for the winter.
Watering and fertilizing schedule
Mock orange is a moisture-loving plant with a low drought tolerance. Regardless of the region of growth (both in Siberia and in the South), the shrub requires constant watering. Seedlings are watered every 6 days using 5 liters of water. Adult shrub 1 time in 15 days, the required volume of water is 15 liters. This schedule is calculated taking into account the complete absence of precipitation. A sign of moisture deficiency will be the loss of turgor leaves, they wilt, begin to turn yellow at the edges.
Feeding the mock orange begins in the second year of the growing season. In the spring, before the formation of buds and during flowering, liquid organic matter is added under the root. After flowering, the trunk circle is covered with ashes. At the end of August, for better formation of flower buds, they are fed with phosphorus and potash agents.
Loosening and mulching the soil
The first obligatory loosening is necessary for the mock orange during the swelling of the kidneys. The subsequent ones are carried out as weeds grow and the soil dries out. Mulching will save you from excessive loosening, stop the growth of weeds, retain the necessary moisture and protect the root from overheating in summer. The layer of mulch in Siberia is renewed every spring after the first weeding.
Trimming
In the second year of growth, the shrub will bloom with single flowers, the buds are not left. At the end of summer, the crown of the mock orange is cut off, the shape and height are corrected, in the spring the damaged shoots are cut off, as well as the curved and growing inside the bush. In the third year, the plant enters the full flowering phase. After flowering, the shoots are removed completely.
For the 4th year of growth, in addition to the above activities, anti-aging pruning is carried out: all stems are cut at the root, leaving 3-4 young strong shoots. The procedure is carried out in a year. With a strong thickening of the bush, thin, old branches are removed from the central part of the bush.
Preparing mock orange for winter in the Urals and Siberia
Adapted varieties of mock orange tolerate a decrease in temperature well. Taking into account the fact that the biological species is thermophilic, it is not worth the risk when growing in Siberia. If frost protection is not used, the instability of winter temperatures can lead to the death of an annual plant. The shrub is mulched, the branches are pulled together with twine, bent to the ground. From above they cover with dry leaves, in winter they throw a snowdrift. An adult mock orange is watered abundantly, the layer of mulch is increased, the branches are cut off approximately to the level of the snow layer. In the spring, the shrub will quickly recover and bloom profusely.
Pests and diseases
Most of the pests that threaten the plant in a warm climate do not survive in Siberia. There is a spider mite, they get rid of it by Fitoverm. The leaf weevil parasitizes less often, insects are destroyed with the chemical preparation Bitoxibacillin.
The only infection affecting mock orange in Siberia is brown spot. The growth of the fungus occurs at the end of July, manifested by small dark brown spots with a white border on the lower part of the leaves. At the first sign of infection, the damaged areas are removed, the leaves are collected and burned after falling. The shrub is treated with copper-based preparations.
Conclusion
Planting and caring for a mock orange in Siberia includes fertilizing, watering, pruning and sheltering seedlings for the winter. Only with the observance of agricultural technology is it possible to grow a highly decorative, profusely flowering shrub. A healthy, well-developed mock orange will become an adornment of a garden or summer cottage for many years.
