“Mind Games”: passions around the dictionary

When was the last time you used a paper dictionary? Unless you are a student, teacher, or translator, answering the question will require you to strain your memory. In the era of Twitter and emoji, dictionaries seem archaic to many. All the more unusual is the story of how a self-taught Scottish lexicographer and an American murderer compiled the Oxford English Dictionary. Uninvented story.

England, mid XNUMXth century. Oxford pundits have been struggling for a couple of decades to create a new dictionary of the English language that would contain all the literary and colloquial English words with a brief history of origin and evolution. It is clear that such a titanic work cannot be mastered by a handful of professors, and scientists are throwing a cry all over the country: anyone can send a quote from a book illustrating the meaning of a word. The British responded to the call, sending two tons of letters to Oxford, but the editors were not able to cope with the volume.

In 1879, James Murray (Mel Gibson), a polyglot Scot without a degree, joins their team, despite the dissatisfaction of the academic crowd. Murray appeals to all native English speakers with a new call, and one of the volunteers is William Minor (Sean Penn), a military surgeon, an American convicted of murder and serving a sentence in a psychiatric hospital.

The story of the hero Sean Penn turns into an excursion into the history of psychiatry at the end of the XNUMXth century

While Murray and his associates “chase” the words, looking for them in sources and meticulously tracing the story (it looks like a group of FBI profilers are tracking down a criminal), Minor escapes from his pursuer – an Irish deserter who was once branded by him, who is now hunting for a surgeon, appearing to him at night. Defending himself from his “black man”, the surgeon killed an innocent passer-by by mistake, for which he ended up in a hospital. Minor has paranoid schizophrenia, which developed against the background of PTSD, but in the yard of the XNUMXth century, it means that things are not very rosy with diagnosis and treatment.

The story of the hero Sean Penn turns into an excursion into the history of psychiatry at the end of the XNUMXth century: in the office of the attending physician Minor, there is a phrenological head (at that time they believed that there was a connection between the structure of the human skull and the psyche) and a restraint chair invented in England, treatment methods are used for the hero, which are difficult call it anything other than torture. For a while, Minor’s demons recede, he finds salvation in working on a dictionary and friendship with Murray.

It took Murray and his team five years to prepare the first edition of the dictionary. The film took four times longer: Mel Gibson bought the rights to Simon Winchester’s The Surgeon of Crowthorne back in 5. He planned to shoot himself, then changed directors twice, perhaps because of this, the picture about the friendship and cooperation of a professor and a madman (original title – The Professor and the Madman) turned out to be flawed. Despite its imperfections, the film touches on important themes of guilt and the possibility of its redemption, our ambitions to embrace the immensity, and the attitude to language as a living substance and equal respect for all words without exception. And to those that sound in the temples of science, and to those that are heard in the squares.

Some facts

  • James Murray was fluent in Italian, French, Spanish, Catalan, German, Flemish, Danish, Dutch, Latin to varying degrees, knew the basics of Portuguese, Voda, Celtic, Russian, Persian, Sanskrit, Hebrew, Syriac and a number of other languages, was well versed in Arabic , Coptic and Phoenician. He learned all the languages ​​on his own: the family could not afford to pay for his studies, and he left school at the age of 14.
  • The Oxford English Dictionary has been published since 1884, starting in 2017 only in the electronic version. Until now, its unofficial name is Murray’s Dictionary.
  • William Minor compiled more than 10 thousand dictionary entries for the dictionary.

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