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Microsclerotherapy belongs to the class of injection procedures aimed at the treatment of reticular varicose veins. It is also used to remove spider veins.
The principle of operation of the technique is based on the introduction of a special liquid, which is called a sclerosant, into the damaged vein. Immediately after entering the vessel, the composition starts the mechanism of gluing the walls. Problem areas are replaced with connective tissue, which allows you to achieve an outwardly attractive result.
The only caveat here is the possibility of using the method exclusively for the treatment of the lower extremities and parts of the body that are located below the level of the heart. Experts believe that it is better to get rid of the vascular network on the face with more gentle approaches such as laser exposure or treatment with intense pulsed light.
The reason for such a radical ban is that the skin of the face is more delicate. It is sensitive to burns, which makes the presented procedure applicable exclusively to the treatment of reticular veins. If there are many telangiectasias on the legs, then microsclerotherapy will also effectively cope with them.
Classification of lesions
Telangiectasias are special types of lesions that are easily visible to the naked eye on the skin, due to their redness and specific pattern. Often they come in four forms: linear, reticulate, tree-like, arachnid.
Their location can be almost any part of the body. Telangiectasias are characterized by dilations of capillaries and larger vessels located in different layers of the skin. Usually the foot location refers to the venous knee of the capillary bed. Occasionally, exceptions are possible in the form of arteriovenous lesions.
But if red lesions are often fixed above the line of the heart, then cyanotic deviations are usually found on the lower extremities. There are linear or tree-like groups of telangiectasia.
In women, the affected area usually represents an entire confluent family of lesions. At the same time, experts note two typical options for their localization. The first involves the inner surface of the thigh, where the linear type of disease occurs. With dilated vessels, pathological marks are located in parallel.
The second variant of the development of events provides for a tree-like form, when the vessels are deployed around the circumference. Due to the nature of the location, the lesion often affects the outer surface of the thigh.
Difficulties are added by the physiological feature of the fairer sex. They have varicose veins of the reticular type fixed in the popliteal zone. Accounting for the type and options of stars helps to draw up a detailed and at the same time effective treatment program in the future.
Despite the fact that telangiectasias are a fairly common type of skin lesion, not all patients seek qualified treatment for this. Some of the victims generally perceive the disease as an exclusively cosmetic defect.
Schematically, such vascular defects can be divided into two camps:
- congenital;
- acquired.
But if a person has a hereditary pathology format, this does not mean that the deviation will be localized in the same place where it is recorded in the gene carrier.
Provocateurs of the disease
Before prescribing a course of microsclerotherapy to the victim, the doctor will necessarily conduct a thorough examination of the ward. In addition to passing a series of standard tests, the expert will look for the primary source of the skin anomaly.
Hereditary predisposition aside, there are many factors that contribute to the development of telangiectasia throughout the body.
This is about:
- concomitant chronic diseases;
- injuries of varying severity;
- long-term use of a number of drugs.
In the latter case, hormonal medications cause particular damage to the body, which push the venous system to disrupt its usual mechanism of work. If you add to this the negative impact of direct sunlight, you get an almost ideal environment for the appearance of a mesh, stars and a more serious type of disease – varicose veins.
Past infectious diseases, as well as a number of physical factors, can also adversely affect the overall clinical picture. But women suffer the most from vascular problems during pregnancy. Even if they had never complained about the state of the circulatory system before, already in the first few months, under the influence of estrogen, the vessels dilate.
In the most successful scenario, the problem resolves itself approximately six weeks after delivery. But such a happy outcome does not happen to all mothers, which encourages them to go to clinics for microsclerotherapy. Oral contraceptives can add fuel to the fire.
But one should not assume that even single telangiectasias are an exclusively cosmetic defect. This usually indicates the initial stage of varicose veins, which takes much longer to treat if you first ignore small areas of pathology.
Against this background, it is difficult to say unequivocally how high the price will be for everything. Here you will need to first assess the current condition of the patient, his body characteristics, the severity of the disease.
Anxiety symptoms
The fact that a person needs microsclerotherapy will be evidenced by many facts. They need to be recognized at an early stage to avoid serious consequences.
Common warning signs are:
- decrease in endurance in relation to static load;
- problems with sleep;
- increased irritability.
The latter manifests itself as a symptomatology of the initial stage of venous insufficiency of a chronic course. But since all of the above may indicate a number of other diseases, experts have developed an auxiliary list of dangerous signs of an impending pathology.
Got there:
- pronounced cosmetic defect;
- burning in the legs;
- feeling of heat;
- “Running goosebumps”, which is called paresthesia;
- soreness;
- hematomas that occur without prerequisites for this, such as mechanical damage or external pressure;
- external bleeding.
Usually complaints combine several symptoms at once. Feedback from women also revealed an interesting pattern: soreness became brighter during menstruation or shortly before it began.
At the initial phase of the development of pathology, dilated vessels rarely leave physical inconvenience, only spoiling the overall aesthetic picture. Because of this, patients are in no hurry to visit a phlebologist to receive a further appointment for treatment.
Regardless of gender, the favorite places for “residence” of spider veins and other prerequisites for varicose veins are:
- back of the thigh;
- outer thigh;
- ankle region;
- feet;
- knee zone.
Instead of looking for a method that allows you to neutralize the negative external manifestations of the disease, doctors advise you to first find the causes of their appearance. This is the only way to achieve high results when using microsclerotherapy, protecting yourself from the likelihood of relapse. It will help to cope with the disease and high-quality rehabilitation, which provides for several significant prohibitions. So, it is better not to drink alcohol, so as not to disturb the normal blood flow with an artificial vasoconstrictor effect.
The essence of the technique
Microsclerotherapy is a format for treating capillaries, relieving the patient of spider veins, reticulum and spiders. The method is safe for humans, as the preparations used for its implementation have been pre-certified and thoroughly tested.
Unlike the alternative surgical route, a long recovery period is not required here. Compression clothing and following simple medical recommendations make up for everything.
The effectiveness of the therapeutic measure has long been proven, and if the patient did not get what he wanted, then this is most likely due to the incompetence of the doctor. Some doctors are not able to correctly calculate the concentration of the treatment solution, or take too small an amount of milliliters as a basis. Therefore, it is so important to find a good specialist who will correctly calculate based on the thickness and area of uXNUMXbuXNUMXba particular vascular wall.
Another reason for the lack of the expected result is the introduction of a sclerosant not according to technology, which allows its contact with the skin. Although this can be avoided by choosing a clinic with qualified medical staff, even they cannot always guarantee the absence of:
- bruises;
- hyperpigmentation;
- skin manifestations.
These phenomena occur due to the individual characteristics of the patient’s body. But to prevent the possible development of anaphylactic shock is much easier. To do this, during the initial consultation, it is worth conducting an allergic test. If it turns out to be positive, then you will have to look for an alternative approach.
Initially, only a concentrated solution was used in the procedures. But today, developers offer doctors to use more gentle fluids. Their secret is the ability to react with air, resulting in the formation of foam. The productivity of the method is kept identical to the traditional way.
As soon as the composition is injected, a burning sensation may be felt at the puncture site with the needle, but this is a completely normal response of the body. Hyperpigmentation of the skin becomes much more dangerous, which often occurs through the fault of the patient himself. He is in too much of a hurry to take off his compression stockings.
Although the uneven discoloration of the skin may disappear on its own within the next six months, this is not the best outcome of the intervention. A person will have to put up with a defect on his legs for quite some time.
Preparatory Measures
Preparation for the intervention begins with checking the current state of health of the victim. Such vigilance allows you to detect possible latent contraindications. These include the defeat of the infection, both local and general type.
Also, the procedure is not carried out for pregnant women and women during lactation, during menstruation. When taking hormonal drugs, you must first consult with the doctor who prescribed them.
If the doctor approves the interruption of the previously approved therapeutic program, then microsclerotherapy will be allowed. But it is strictly forbidden to cancel previously prescribed medications on your own.
It will not be possible to take advantage of the manipulation if the victim is obese or has been diagnosed with abnormalities in the work of the peripheral arteries.
Some of the contraindications can be called relative, which means the possibility of an intervention with a predominance of its benefits over possible harm. On this issue, it is better to consult with a specialist in advance.
Two days before the scheduled date of admission, you will need to stop drinking alcohol and smoking. You should also avoid hair removal on the problem area, or apply any lotions to the affected area of the skin.
Before leaving the house, you should take a hygienic shower. To feel comfortable during the manipulation, you should prepare loose clothing in advance, or purchase disposable medical pajamas.
You can eat in the morning before visiting the doctor, but only loosely, and maintain an hour and a half interval.
After the therapy is successfully completed, another two months will have to give up visiting baths, saunas, taking hormonal contraceptives, and other similar drugs. It does not recommend hair removal, and for the first time three days you need to give up increased physical activity.
But all of the above may turn out to be in vain if the primary source of the disease is not affected, removing only its external manifestations.