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A cytostatic drug from the group of antimetabolites. It slows down the multiplication of rapidly dividing cells (such as cancer, bone marrow, fetal, oral mucosa, small intestine, bladder).
Methotrexate – indications
The most severe, refractory form of systemic psoriasis vulgaris, including psoriatic arthritis (psoriatic arthritis). Autoimmune diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis). Combination multi-drug treatment of malignant neoplasms and acute leukemias, if indicated for oral treatment.
Methotrex – dosage
Psoriasis. The optimal weekly dose for treating psoriasis is 10-25 mg. The maximum dose is 30 mg / week. Dosage may be adjusted until an optimal response is obtained.
RA. The drug is taken orally initially, usually 2,5–7,5 mg / week, then the dose can be increased to 10–25 mg / week. After improvement, the dose is gradually reduced to the lowest effective dose.
Tumors. Dosage in the treatment of neoplasms is determined individually depending on the indications, the general condition of the patient and peripheral blood counts.
The tablets are taken on an empty stomach with a little water.
When using high doses of the drug, adequate hydration and alkalinization of the urine should be ensured.
Methotrexate – side effects
The most common side effects are: ulcerative stomatitis, a decrease in the number of white blood cells, gastrointestinal complaints, such as nausea, anorexia, vomiting and / or diarrhea. There are also skin changes: erythema, itching, hives, hair loss, photosensitivity, exacerbation of psoriasis lesions after exposure to UV rays. Inflammation of the gastrointestinal mucosa, intestinal ulceration, gastrointestinal bleeding, damage to liver cells, steatosis, acute atrophy and liver necrosis, cirrhosis (usually after long-term treatment), haematuria, renal failure (especially with high doses of the drug), inflammation and ulceration of the mucosa vaginal mucosa. In addition, there may be suppression of bone marrow function, headache, drowsiness, cough, visual disturbances, convulsions, disturbances in perception and mood. Metabolic disorders, aggravation of diabetes, osteoporosis. The drug may impair psychophysical fitness and the ability to drive vehicles and operate machinery.
Methotrexate – contraindications
- Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the other ingredients of the drug.
- Severe renal dysfunction; bone marrow disorders (leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia); severe, acute or chronic infections such as tuberculosis and HIV infection; ulceration of the mouth and known active gastric or duodenal ulcer disease.
- Severe liver problems including cirrhosis and hepatitis.
- Alcohol abuse.
- The drug should not be used in children under 3 years of age and in the elderly.
- During pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Methotrexate – warnings
It should only be used under the supervision of a specialist experienced in the administration of anti-cancer chemotherapy and immunosuppressive therapy. Methotrexate shows competitive antagonism with folic acid in the process of active transport across cell membranes. Concomitant administration of vitamin preparations containing folic acid or derivatives may reduce the effect methotrexate.
Methotrexate – price
The price of the drug varies depending on the degree of reimbursement.
Methotrexate tablets 2,5 mg 50 pcs. – from PLN 7 to PLN 12
Methotrexate tablets 5 mg 50 pcs. – from PLN 13 to PLN 21
Methotrexate tablets 10 mg 50 pcs. – from PLN 24 to PLN 40
Before use, read the leaflet, which contains indications, contraindications, data on side effects and dosage as well as information on the use of the medicinal product, or consult your doctor or pharmacist, as each drug used improperly is a threat to your life or health.