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The body of every healthy woman from puberty to the menopause (excluding pregnancy, lactation and the use of contraceptive pills) is subject to cyclical changes in the level of sex hormones. These substances primarily affect the structures of the reproductive system: the ovaries, the endometrium and vagina, but also the mammary glands, bones and many other organs.
Under their influence, the eggs mature in the ovaries, usually one of which is released into the lumen of the fallopian tube in the middle of the cycle (if it lasts 28 days). Throughout this time, the uterine mucosa systematically thickens, and from the moment of ovulation, under the influence of progesterone produced by the corpus luteum (the remains of the Graff’s follicle, from which the egg is released), it additionally increases the growth of blood vessels, glands and the production of glycogen-rich secretions. . The endometrium becomes swollen, it is well supplied with blood and full of nutrients – all this serves to prepare the uterine mucosa for implantation of a fertilized egg and to provide it with appropriate developmental conditions. However, when the embryo does not implant, due to lack of fertilization or very early miscarriage, the spiral arterioles of the endometrium contract, causing its ischemia and necrosis. The flaking mucosa comes out along with a relatively small amount of blood (30-70 ml) through the vagina over a period of 3 to 5 days, and the cycle starts over again. During the first 2-3 days of menstruation, the bleeding is more heavy, as this is the period when most of the endometrium of the uterine cavity exfoliates. Some women, especially the elderly, however, complain of very heavy periods, which may signal, for example, the presence of uterine fibroids.
The first menstrual bleeding is an expression of reaching physiological sexual maturity and occurs between 9 and 16 years of age. The last period called menopause occurs in women between 45 and 55 years of age. Many women of childbearing age suffer from various types of menstrual disorders: missed periods, cessation of menstruation, infrequent, too frequent or irregular periods, too little or, conversely, too heavy or painful periods. All these conditions require diagnostics and implementation of appropriate treatment to avoid unpleasant consequences, which include, for example, infertility.
bow. med. Aleksandra Czachowska
At Medonet Market, you can order reusable Loffme sanitary pads and panty liners dedicated to every menstruating woman. They are made of certified, hypoallergenic materials that prevent the growth of fungi and bacteria responsible for the formation of unpleasant odors. We also recommend Vuokkoset Sensitive night-time cotton sanitary pads are disposable but made of biodegradable materials. For greater comfort, you can use Vuokkoset Bio Super Organic Cotton Tampons or Bio Mini Tampons depending on how profuse the bleeding is.
During menstruation, menstrual cups are also great, they are hygienic and comfortable to use even during physical activity. At Medonet Market you can buy Perfect Cup – a set of menstrual cups in two sizes or FunCup – a set of menstrual cups in two sizes at an attractive price.