Contents
Every third woman faced the problem of hair loss at least once in her life. To resolve this issue at a professional level, you need to see a doctor, but not just a dermatologist, but a dermatologist-trichologist.
Before starting therapy, the doctor will perform a series of diagnostic procedures aimed at a detailed study of the structure of the hair, a possible infection of the scalp with a fungus, in order to detect increased fragility. For research, specialized equipment is used – these are infrared and ultraviolet lamps.
If any concomitant pathologies lead to hair loss, then other specialists will be required, for example, an endocrinologist, therapist, hematologist. They treat diseases of the endocrine glands, blood or somatic problems, each of which can cause alopecia.
However, without normalizing the lifestyle, it will be problematic to achieve the effect of any therapy.
Hair will continue to fall out if the following recommendations are not followed:
The scalp should not be supercooled. Especially dangerous is chronic vasospasm, which develops when walking in the cold season without a hat.
Sleep and rest should be full, the room is ventilated. Do not forget about outdoor walks.
It is necessary to give up bad habits, and, first of all, smoking.
The more often you use various styling products and chemical-based dyes, the higher the risk of alopecia.
The scalp should be protected from injury and tension, for which it is necessary to abandon coarse combs, tight tails, buns and braids. Hair dryers and irons should be used as little as possible.
To improve the nutrition of the hair by increasing blood circulation, head massage will help.
It is necessary to isolate yourself from stress and uncomfortable psychological situations as much as possible. It is they who lead to the depletion of the body, in which all its systems suffer, including hair.
Preparations for the treatment of hair loss in men and women
Therapy for hair loss in women and men is often carried out using products based on Minoxidil. These are over-the-counter drugs, however, they must be used with caution. Firstly, this is due to a large number of contraindications, and secondly, any means with Minoxidil cannot be used under 18 years of age. After use, 30% of people note that the hair is restored in volume. However, the risk of losing them again after stopping the treatment course remains high.
The trade names for Minoxidil are as follows:
Kasilon;
Alerana and Generolon spray;
Revasil, Alopexy, Rogaine.
When the spray is applied topically, patients may notice hair growth in thinning areas as early as a month. The drug is especially effective in androgenetic alopecia, sometimes it can have a positive effect on the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. A month after discontinuation of the drug, there are times when the hair falls out again.
Indications: used to treat alopecia.
Contraindications: the period of bearing and breastfeeding, age up to 18 years, skin dermatosis with localization on the head and violations of the integrity of the dermis.
Side effects: Of the side effects, manufacturers of the product note the possible itching of the skin, its peeling and redness. There may be a burning sensation, as well as a number of allergic reactions: rash, swelling of the face, allergic rhinitis. In addition, there is a risk of developing otitis externa, vision problems, taste distortion, and neuritis. During the course of treatment, some patients experience weakness, headache and dizziness. Hair growth on the neck and face in females has been recognized as rare side effects.
Symptoms of overdose: If an overdose was allowed, then there is a risk of a drop in blood pressure, tachycardia develops, as well as sodium and water retention.
Recommendations for use are as follows:
Use only topically;
Use only at adult patients is possible;
apply to the area of baldness, starting from its center and spray (7 clicks), and solution (1 ml);
Do not wash off the composition after application;
Use twice a day: in the morning and evening;
Wash hands after handling;
Exceeding the daily dose is unacceptable (it is equal to 2 ml).
The best hair regrowth shampoo
Shampoo-balm “Zoo VIP”, containing tar and propolis, which can be found in pharmacies or veterinary stores, is suitable for hair restoration and growth. It is this tool that many experienced hairdressers recommend to their clients with problem hair.
The healing effect is achieved due to propolis and tar. Shampoo stimulates skin regeneration processes, hair growth and nutrition. The disadvantage of the remedy lies in the pronounced smell, which is similar to the smell emanating from Vishnevsky’s ointment. However, it wears off quickly.
Do not apply the product to the hair without first diluting it with water or ordinary shampoo. One part of the therapeutic shampoo-balm is taken and 10 parts of the product that was chosen for dilution. The resulting mixture is applied to the hair and left for 7 minutes, then the hair is washed with water. To avoid difficulties with combing, you should use a suitable conditioner after washing your hair.
If a woman suffers from hair loss, then this shampoo should be used on a regular basis. According to many reviews, this is a very effective and inexpensive remedy for thinning and weakened hair.
Medical treatment for hair loss
Before starting therapy, it is necessary to determine the cause that led to the loss. Depending on this, the selection of the drug will be carried out.
Getting rid of anemia
It is known that the lack of nutrients in the body negatively affects the condition of the hair. Common iron deficiency anemia, as well as a lack of vitamin B12, leads to their loss.
If this problem is detected, then it is advisable to start substitution treatment:
Preparations containing ferric iron: Ferlatum, Fenyuls, Maltofer, Biofer. Ferric iron preparations that can be administered in various ways, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract (parenteral forms): Kosmofer, Likferr, Maltofer, Ferrum-lek, Venofer.
Preparations based on ferrous sulfate: Ferrogradumet, Tardiferon, Ferroplex, Hemofer, Sorbifer durules, Prolongatum. Ferro-Folgamma contains not only iron, but also ascorbic acid. Iron preparations Fenyuls and Gino-Tardiferon are enriched with folic acid. Contains ferrous furomat and folic acid Ferretab, ferrous gluconate in combination with copper and manganese – this is Ferretab. Hematogen known to every person is also a source of ferrous sulfate and albumin in food form.
To stimulate the production of red blood cells, which are deficient in anemia, doctors recommend taking vitamin preparations, including: alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, vitamins B2 and B6, cyanocobalamin, fiolic acid. It is known that iron absorption improves when taken together with folic and ascorbic acid.
In addition to the fact that vitamins help eliminate anemia, vitamin D regulates the exchange of calcium and phosphorus, vitamin A improves skin condition, and vitamin B5 helps stop hair falling out. Reducing the rate of atrophic processes occurring in the dermis allows the intake of vitamin B3, and levocarnitine can stimulate metabolic processes in skin cells.
Mycotic lesions of the dermis of the head and hair
If a fungus is found on the scalp of a bull, then it should be disposed of with the help of special medicines. They can be prescribed for both oral and external use. Most often, hair loss is provoked by trichophytosis, erythrasma, candida, microsporia.
The most popular antimycotic agents are: ketoconazole, sertaconazole, terbinafine, flucanazole, thioconazole, naftifine, econazole, chlornitrophenol. All of them are designed to destroy the shell and structure of the pathogenic fungus.
Diseases of the skin
Alopecia is often caused by diseases of the skin. Pathologies such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis cause skin changes at the structural level. It begins to itch, becomes dry, cracks, chronic thickenings and high rough furrows appear on it. As a result, the patient combs and injures the skin, the capillaries are destroyed, the hair is no longer nourished, and they die.
For the treatment of pathologies used:
Antihistamines, including Tavegil, Fenistil, Soventol, Benadryl, Diphenhydramine, Diprazine, Fenkarol, Omeril, Zaditen, Suprastin, Astemizole, Ketotifen, Gistalong, Astelong, Akrivastine, Semprex, Loratadin, Clarisens, Terfenadine, Allergodil, Cetirizine, Teridine, Histimet, Telfast . When a disease is diagnosed in a woman carrying a child, doctors prefer two drugs, including Clemastin and Pheniramine.
Glucocorticoids, including preparations that do not contain fluorine: Locoid and Laticort based on hydrocortisone butyrate, Advantan based on methyl prednisolone aceponate and Elcom based on mometasone fuorate.
Glucocorticoids, enriched with fluorine: Esperson with the active ingredient – dexamethasone, Beloderm – with the active ingredient betamethasone, Kutiveit based on fluticasone, Lorinden based on flumethasone, Fluorocort or Triacort with the main active ingredient – triamcinolone, as well as Clobetasol.
Depending on the specific situation, the doctor will select an individual treatment regimen based on one or more drugs.
Diseases of the endocrine sphere
Alopecia is a frequent companion of endocrine pathologies.
Therapy is necessary in the presence of the following diseases:
Diabetes mellitus – type 1. With this disease, there is a destruction of blood vessels, a disorder of tissue trophism. Treatment is based on the level of glycated hemoglobin and glucose in the blood. For therapy, short-acting insulins – Humodar, Aktrapid, Novorapid, long-acting insulins – Lantus, Humulin and Protafan, or insulins that have a complex effect are applicable.
Diabetes mellitus – type 2. Sulfonylureas are prescribed for treatment, including Gliclazide, Glibenclamide and Glimepiride. Metformin (biguanides), rosiglitazone (thiazolidinediones), as well as Acarbose or Carbol can be used as glycosidase blockers.
Diseases of the thyroid gland. If its functionality is reduced, then the patient has a pronounced hair loss. In parallel, eyebrows may fall out from the outer edge. Hypothyroidism therapy involves taking analogues of the T4 hormone, among which are drugs based on levothyroxine sodium – Euthyrox or L-thyroxine. You will need T3 hormone replacement drugs – these are Lysothyronine and Triiodothyronine. Preparations of complex action are Yodocomb, Tireocomb, Tireot, Yodtiroks.
Pathologies associated with low levels of estrogen in the body. The production of estrogen in insufficient volume is often observed with menopausal changes in the body of a woman, after radiation or surgical castration, with ovarian cysts. In parallel, hair loss occurs due to deteriorating trophism and inhibition of their bulbs. The doctor may prescribe gestagen substitute drugs – Duphaston, Urozhestan, Norkolut, estrogen substitute drugs – Proginova, Estradiol valerate, Klimara, Divigel, Menorest, Ovestin, Estrogel and Premarin. Sometimes it is required to take combined drugs – Ginodian-Depot.
Diseases of the nervous sphere
Depressive disorders, neurosis and mental disorders negatively affect hair growth and lead to hair loss.
To eliminate pathologies of nervous origin, sedatives of plant origin (Valerian, Motherwort, Persen, etc.), herbal antidepressants (Novopassit, Lerivon, Gelarium Hypericum), tranquilizers (Atarax, Grandaxin) can be prescribed.
Immunity disorders
Pathologies of the immune system cause disturbances in metabolic processes, cause inflammatory autoimmune reactions, including vasculitis of the dermis of the head, leading to hair loss.
After carrying out all the necessary studies, one or more drugs that affect the state of immunity can be prescribed:
Means that stimulate the thymus. These include Levamisole, Diucifon, Inosine. Thymus-produced hormone replacement drugs: Bestim, Taktivin, Timogen, Timalin, Timaktid, Timomodulin, Vilozen.
Means for enhancing the work of humoral immunity, among which: Likopid, Derinat, Vigam, Endobulin, Sodium Nucleinate, Polyoxidonium, Hepatect, Intraglobin, Chigain, Cytotect, Myelopid.
Vaccination against respiratory infections is carried out, for which they are used: Broncho-Vaxom, Ribomunil, Bronchomunal.
Drugs that activate immunity at the cellular level can be prescribed – Diucifon, Ribomunil, Levamisole, Imudon, Methyluracil, Granocyte, Pentoxyl, Biotorin, Pyrogenal, Prodigiosan.
Drugs – interferon, Ergoferon, Viferon, Cycloferon, Betaferon Intron, Gamma-feron.
If there is a pathological hair loss, then it is necessary to seek help from specialists and look for the cause of alopecia. Often it is baldness that becomes a sign that allows you to detect more serious diseases of the body. They can only be removed with medical help.
Author of the article: Herman Olga Leonidovna, trichologist, specially for the site ayzdorov.ru