Contents
Beans contain many useful substances. Beans contain proteins, carbohydrates, sugar, vitamins and trace elements. It can be vegetables and grains. In vegetable beans, shells and grains are used for food, in grain beans, only beans, because the shells contain coarse fibers. Unlike vegetables, grain beans can be stored for a long time without freezing.
Characteristics of the bean variety “Mavka”
Variety “Mavka” grain, designed for cultivation in regions with unstable rainfall. Easily tolerates short-term drought. The plant is resistant to damage by caryopsis, bacteriosis, anthracnose. The variety is suitable for mechanized harvesting.
The plant is low, up to 60 cm long, has good foliage. Variety of indeterminate type, upright bush shape. Beans “Mavka” are highly resistant to lodging and shedding of beans. The top of the bush curls a little. The pods are yellowish, the beans are oval, white, with a faint marbled pattern. Grain differs in high flavoring properties, it is well boiled soft.
The variety is mid-season, the duration of the growing season is 105 days.
Rules for growing the bean variety “Mavka”
Careful preparation of seeds before sowing is necessary. Seed material is treated with a tank mixture that contains fungicides, pesticides, growth stimulants. Most often, soaking is used, in some cases it is possible to spray the seeds.
To get a good harvest, it is desirable to use crop rotation. The best predecessors for growing leguminous plants are the following crops:
- corn;
- potatoes;
- cereals;
- cucumber;
- tomato.
Sowing is usually carried out in early May, when the threat of damage to seedlings by return frosts has passed. Sown in poorly warmed soil, seeds and plants are often affected by various fungal and bacterial diseases. Seedlings die at an air temperature of -1 degree. Seed planting depth – up to 7 cm.
The first sprouts appear after 1-2 weeks, depending on the planting depth. If necessary, carry out weeding and thinning of the rows. When the fourth true leaves appear in young plants, the first fertilizing with minerals is carried out. It is preferable to use complex fertilizers that contain all the trace elements vital for the plant.
Leguminous plants are demanding on a sufficient amount of moisture; in the absence of precipitation, watering is carried out every 7-10 days. Variety “Mavka” tolerates drought and waterlogging well, if they do not last long. But it must be taken into account that all adverse factors slow down the development of plants and ultimately affect the yield.
During flowering and the formation of ovaries, it is desirable to carry out mineral dressing and treat the plants with insecticides.
The most productive pods are the bottom ones. They are located no higher than 14 cm. Studies have shown that the height of the location of the lower beans in a plant is only 30% dependent on the characteristics of the variety. The main influence on the height of the location is exerted by environmental factors.
Harvesting begins when the pod becomes dry and cracks easily. It must be taken into account that the lower pods ripen earlier. During wet weather, beans not harvested in time can be affected by various types of rot.
The use of fertilizers for the bean variety “Mavka”
Gradually, even in the richest soil, the amount of nutrients decreases. To get a rich harvest, you need to fertilize the soil in time. The amount of trace elements required for a plant is calculated according to the description of application rates for different types of fertilizers.
Nitrogen
The plant is very responsive to the introduction of a sufficient amount of nitrogen fertilizers into the soil. You can use natural sources of organic nutrients, such as manure. The best harvest is obtained the next year after the introduction of organic matter. Of the chemicals, it is desirable to choose those that do not contain sodium. Fertilizer is applied to the soil during autumn processing or during spring top dressing.
Potassium and magnesium
The lack of potassium and magnesium slows down the development of plants, stops flowering and the formation of ovaries. Lower leaves turn yellow and fall off. To avoid micronutrient deficiencies in plants, fertilizers must be applied regularly. The first application is carried out after the appearance of the fourth true leaf in the sprouts. Repeat during flowering, the formation of pods, the ripening of beans.
Phosphorus
The root system of the bean is able to absorb phosphorus even from hard-to-reach compounds, therefore, instead of superphosphate, phosphorite flour can be used.
Conclusion
Growing beans is not very difficult. With very little effort, you can get a versatile product – healthy, tasty and satisfying.
