Mammalian bites – the mechanism of tetanus infection

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Tetanus is caused by the action of poisonous protein substances, the so-called toxins, also known as tetanus venom (tetanospazmin and tetanolysins), produced by anaerobic tetanus bacilli.

Tetanus – the mechanism of infection

Infection with tetanus, and thus the onset of the disease, begins by transferring tetanus rods to a human after a bite, or bite by a biting animal that had germs or spores in its saliva (i.e. their spore forms), to which they could get from the ground, faeces or water contaminated with them.

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The reservoir of tetanus is usually the digestive tract of various animal species, usually horses, and the soil contaminated with their excreta. It should be mentioned that spore form of tetanus bacteria can survive in the soil for up to 14 years, maintaining their ability to be pathogenic.

Worth knowing

The gates of infection may also be other wounds, not always caused by the bite.

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