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The columnar apple tree Malyukha (Malus columnar Malyukha) is a compact and very convenient tree in terms of harvesting. It is also considered non-capricious and undemanding to care for, tolerates winter well and resists most diseases. The variety is relatively fresh, it was bred not so long ago.
Malyukha is a fast-growing and quite promising variety of a columnar apple tree
History of breeding
The columnar variety of this fruit crop was bred by breeders from VSTISP Viktor Kichin, Nadezhda Morozova and Larisa Tulinova. It was obtained using KV 103 and Cowberry. The development test lasted for seven years.
Description of the columnar apple tree Malyukha
The variety is a compact, neat tree that fits perfectly into a small area. The maximum height of the columnar apple tree Malyukha is 2 m, but usually it grows to 180 cm and no more. Annual growth up to 15 cm. Its straight trunk is decorated with a crown and fruits evenly distributed over it, making the tree look decorative.
Crown
The crown of the columnar variety Malyukha is small-sized, but well leafy. The leaf plates are medium in size, painted green. With the onset of warm May days, the tree is covered with small snow-white buds, on which fruits are subsequently tied.
Columnar malyuka can be an excellent decoration of the garden
Fruit
The columnar apple tree Malyukha bears large, round-conical fruits weighing up to 250 g. They are yellow-green in color, with a slightly noticeable blush. The skin is thin, smooth, with a slight wax coating. The pulp of apples is white, the presence of a cream shade is acceptable.
Characteristics of the columnar apple tree Malyukha
The fruits of the variety cover the tree abundantly, have a pleasant taste, and ripen closer to autumn. The variety is available for cultivation in different climates, has good frost resistance, resists many diseases.
Appointment of apples – dessert
Palatability
Malyukha apple variety has a rich sweet and sour taste and a pronounced aroma. The pulp of the fruit is juicy, breaks off when biting, starchyness is weakly expressed. The fruit is not only consumed fresh, but also used for preservation, mashed potatoes, and fillings for baking.
When the Malyukha apple tree ripens
The ripening period of the apple-tree of the columnar Malyukha is about three months. Harvest time is in September. A distinctive characteristic of the fruit is their excellent keeping quality. Subject to the storage rules, they lie perfectly without loss of taste until January.
Productivity
Of course, if we compare the columnar apple tree Malyukha and the usual varieties of this fruit crop, then its yield is much lower. But along with other similar species, it bears a lot of fruit. On average, from 13 to 15 kg of apples are harvested from an adult plant. The collection begins to be carried out from the second year after planting, the first harvest is about 2-3 kg, but it increases every season. It becomes full-fledged when the tree is five years old.
Frost resistance of the Malyukha apple tree
Malyukha kolonovidnaya is a winter-hardy variety of culture and is very much appreciated in areas with an unstable climate. Experts say that it is able to withstand temperatures down to -40 ° C.
Pollinators
The variety is not self-fertile. For high-quality fruiting of the Malyukha apple tree, experienced gardeners advise planting pollinators near it. The following varieties are best suited as them: Kitayka (Kitajka), Currency (Valyta), Chernovets (Chernovecz).
Growing regions
Malyukha is a columnar apple variety that can be cultivated in central Our Country. It grows well and develops in the Central regions, Ivanovo, Moscow, Ryazan, Smolensk, Bryansk, Vladimir regions. According to the results of research, the culture is allowed to be grown in cooler climates, for example, in the Urals.
Best of all, the columnar apple tree Malyukha bears fruit in the Moscow region
Resistance to diseases
The tree has an increased resistance to major fungal diseases. If the plant looks healthy and feels good, then there is no need to apply chemicals to it. For the prevention of ants and, accordingly, aphids, Thunder is sometimes scattered around the tree trunk.
Advantages and disadvantages
The columnar apple tree of the Malyukha variety is considered a godsend for many gardeners. It has a lot of advantages compared to minor disadvantages.
Variety Malyukha is ideal for growing in central Our Country
Advantages:
- convenient tree height for harvesting;
- a form that takes up little space on the site;
- decorative appearance;
- winter hardiness;
- strong immunity;
- keeping quality;
- taste characteristics;
- exclusion of fruit shedding.
Disadvantages:
- low yield compared to non-columnar varieties;
- high cost of seedlings;
- the need for care to obtain a decent harvest.
Rules for planting an apple tree Malyukha
It is recommended to plant the columnar apple tree Malyukha in mid-spring or autumn, from September to October. Before work, you should choose the right place for the plant. The site should be protected from wind and drafts, illuminated throughout the day.
It is better to use a warm bed with fertile and well-drained soil for planting. The columnar malyuka will not grow in a lowland or in an area with a close location of groundwater.
A planting pit for a seedling is prepared in advance, it is dug to a depth of 0,5 m, plastic bottles are placed at the bottom, covered with compost, covered with the remains of grass and leaves, then with sawdust and soil. Plant an apple tree so that the grafting site is located at ground level. After that, the trunk circle is covered with mulch, and if there is a threat of frost, the root neck is also mulched. Next, the seedling is watered abundantly.
Usually columnar apple trees are planted in a row at a distance of 0,7 m from each other.
Care instructions
The columnar baby needs regular care, which should not be neglected. Immature seedlings of the first year of planting require special attention. They should be watered periodically and ensure that the soil at a depth of 5 cm is always moist, but not damp. As a rule, moisturizing is carried out 1-2 times a week.
In the first year of life, the apple tree requires regular top dressing: after planting, 50 g of nitroammophoska is applied to the soil, a month later it is fertilized with a solution of carbamide, after another 4-5 weeks any of these compounds are added.
Experienced gardeners must mulch the plant so as not to weed the bed once again and not to injure fragile roots. Preventive treatments against diseases are carried out at will.
In autumn, Malyukha is pruned and crowned, and all excess shoots are cut off. Closer to cold weather, the trunk is wrapped with a net from rodents and the tree is covered if necessary.
Collection and storage
In order for the fruits to lie as long as possible, it is important to collect them correctly and send them to storage in a suitable place. Harvesting should be carried out in dry weather, pick apples along with the stem, work with gloves. Further, it is recommended to sort the fruits, put all whole and undamaged specimens in prepared containers and put them in a cellar or basement, where the air temperature is + 1-4 ° C, and the humidity is 85-95%.
With the organization of proper storage, the variety does not deteriorate for three months
Conclusion
The columnar apple tree Malyukha is a variety that has long won the love of summer residents with small plots and more. The plant is interesting in its characteristics, decorative, is considered not particularly demanding in cultivation and care. The tree brings a good harvest of tasty and juicy apples with a long shelf life.
Reviews of gardeners about the Malyukha apple tree
