Like hell: 9 types of houses you can’t live in

However, the construction of such houses acquired a truly cosmic scale after the war, under Nikita Khrushchev in the 50s and 70s of the last century. These houses, contemptuously nicknamed by the people Khrushchev or even Khrushchev, in those years seemed almost tsarist mansions. But the euphoria from owning your own, albeit miserable, living space quickly faded away. Tiny kitchens, in which even one hostess cannot turn around, no less tiny bathrooms with sit-down baths, elongated adjoining rooms, low ceilings. And in order to be aware of all the details of the neighbors’ life, it was not necessary to sit from morning till night on the bench in front of the entrance – the sound insulation left much to be desired.

However, in fairness, it should be noted that modern architects, when developing standard housing, over and over again make the same mistakes in planning. Wday.ru has collected 9 of the most unsuccessful series of residential buildings.

II-18-01

One of the first series of high-rise buildings for industrial housing construction. The earliest buildings were eight-storey, then another storey was added, and later they grew to 12 storeys. “Tower” in the nine-story version has collected, perhaps, all the shortcomings of Khrushchev’s housing. There were no three-room apartments in this series at all, and the size of some two-bedroom apartments did not exceed 36,5 square meters – less than some modern studios.

The tiny bathroom can only accommodate a sitz bath. And it is impossible to increase the size of the no less tiny – 4,8 meters – kitchen by connecting the living room because of the installed gas stove. But the main drawback is the walls. The end rooms often froze through, and the house itself had an uneven shrinkage – it turned out to be a kind of “twisted house”.

I-511

Houses of this series were mainly built up in Moscow and the Moscow region. Here, as in many other Khrushchev buildings, everything depends on the total area of ​​housing. One-room apartments – 28 sq. m, three-room apartments – no more than 57. The volume of the kitchen block is very small – 4,7 square meters. m, in some apartments there are 3 “squares” at all, and the box of the ventilation pipe located under the ceiling noticeably eats up an already small space. The bathroom in most modifications is combined, but already with a full bath.

The advantages include warm external walls, as well as high-quality partitions in the stairwell and between apartments, so that additional noise and heat insulation is not required. Another plus is the absence of internal load-bearing walls. So there are no problems with redevelopment. But the apartment, whatever one may say, does not become more spacious from this.

I-447

The most massive series of brick Khrushchevs, which has been built up in many cities of the USSR since 1958. The buildings were built of red brick, but low-quality silicate white was often used. The thickness of the outer walls left much to be desired – some pitiful 38-40 cm, it is not surprising that at the ends they froze through.

The area of ​​apartments is small: from 28 “squares” in one-room apartments to 57 square meters. m in three-room apartments. Rooms in corner apartments are isolated, but most are designed with adjoining rooms. And in tiny kitchens with an area of ​​4,7–5,5 sq. m, and water heaters are also located, because there is no centralized hot water supply in the houses of this series.

II-29

The project of nine-storey houses, with which the same Moscow was massively built up in the 60s and 70s, was considered one of the best for a long time. The outer walls of 51 cm thick bricks provided good heat and sound insulation, in such apartments it is cool in summer and warm in winter. The presence of a garbage chute and a passenger elevator is also considered an advantage. As well as the presence of storage rooms, balconies, built-in wardrobes and separate bathrooms with a 170 cm bath in the apartments themselves.

There are no load-bearing walls inside the apartment, so you can show your imagination when redeveloping. And without it, living in apartments of houses of this series cannot be called comfortable in modern realities: kitchens of 5–6 sq. m and a bedroom of 9 sq. m.

II-57

Soviet cities from 9 to 12 were actively built up with 1963-1978-storey “panels” of this series. The distribution area is from Moscow to Tyumen. Apartments in such houses were once highly valued: they have balconies, elevators, separate bathrooms, and in the standard layout of a 3-room apartment there are also built-in wardrobes and mezzanines. But the size of the kitchens, bedrooms and living rooms left much to be desired. Yes, there are fewer load-bearing walls, but there are not so many options for alteration.

You cannot combine rooms or, for example, connect a kitchen to a living room. The non-radiator heating system, when the heating elements were under the windowsill, was also not to everyone’s liking, and later in some houses it was replaced with the usual batteries. The thickness of the walls has decreased even in comparison with the Khrushchevs, due to which both sound and thermal insulation have been seriously damaged.

“Gostinki”

In other words, apartments or hotel-type houses. They began to be built in the mid-60s of the 40th century as temporary housing for factory workers and young specialists, who in the future were to move into full-fledged separate housing. Since the purpose of such buildings is to provide as many people as possible with housing quickly and cheaply, there is no need to talk about any kind of comfort. Judge for yourself: about 10 apartments open into a long corridor. It is like one entrance of a 9-storey building. At the same time, the interroom sound insulation is lame. But the “dormitories” were built in 12 and even XNUMX floors.

The apartments themselves cannot be called comfortable either: on an area of ​​12-24 sq. m there is a room, a combined bathroom (only a sitz bath) and a small hallway. A nook was allocated for the kitchen either in the same hallway or in the living room. In “small families” the kitchen could be separated into a separate room with a window.

P-55

Construction of such housing began en masse from 1978 to 2002 in large settlements along transport routes. Hence the increased sound insulation, which was achieved due to special hinged panels for walls and ceilings, as well as glazing of balconies, replacing ordinary glass with double-glazed windows in window frames. In addition, according to the project, the windows of the kitchens and living rooms overlooked the noisy street, while the windows of the bedrooms looked into the courtyard.

The apartments have a separate bathroom with an increased area of ​​the bathroom – in this, in addition to the actual bath or shower, it is easy to place a sink, a washing machine, and a box for linen. The area of ​​the rooms is also more or less acceptable – from 10 to 17 sq. m with 8-10-meter kitchens. Another thing is that almost all apartments have a so-called “pencil case” bedroom 2,5–3 meters wide. Putting in such a double bed without blocking the whole room is not an easy task. And this is perhaps the most important drawback of houses in this series. At the same time, the structural features of the building do not allow to unfold in terms of redevelopment.

PB-02

The houses of this series are primarily intended for migrants from dilapidated and dilapidated housing, debtors, and young families. All apartments have large balconies, kitchens from 8 sq. m. Apartments are one- (from 35 sq. m.), two- (47, 48, or 51 sq. m.) or three-room (from 60 sq. m.). Part of the walls are made of reinforced concrete blocks. Since they are not load-bearing, redevelopment options are possible, for example, combining an 8-meter kitchen and a 17-meter living room. However, in modern new buildings, such an area is initially considered standard. But it will no longer be possible to increase the area of ​​the bedrooms, since they are just limited by the load-bearing walls.

P-44T

In Moscow, whole microdistricts are built up with houses of this series. They have long bored not only residents, but also architects. And yet they do not plan to abandon them in the near future. At first glance, the houses look nice: with large balconies and a separate bathroom. The kitchen area in other apartments can be up to 13 sq. m, and the height of the ceilings varies from 2,7 to 2,75 m. But in the same one-room apartment, for example, with a total area of ​​37–39 meters, the size of the kitchen is about 7–8 m. And the redevelopment possibilities are significantly limited by a large number of load-bearing walls. Soundproofing is also not up to par.