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Gas is still the cheapest type of fuel. Accordingly, the cheapest heating is obtained precisely on natural gas. True, the installation of a gas boiler is associated with certain difficulties – the premises must comply with fire safety standards.
Gas boiler installation standards
To ensure that there are no troubles when taking the gas boiler into operation, it is necessary to choose the installation site in accordance with current regulations. The installation of a gas boiler in a private house (single-apartment or blocked) is regulated by SNiP 31-02-2001, and the installation rules in apartment buildings are prescribed in SNiP 2.08.01.
For private houses
According to the norms, a gas boiler can be installed in a ventilated room, which is located:
- on the first floor of the house;
- in the basement or basement;
- in the attic:
- gas boilers up to 35 kW (according to MDS 41.2-2000 up to 60 kW) can be installed in the kitchen.
With regard to the installation of boilers in the kitchen, two norms are currently in force at once. According to one document, heating devices with a power of no more than 35 kW can be placed, according to another – no more than 60 kW. And we’re talking about heaters. Gas stoves or other appliances that use gas do not count.
What to do? You need to find out what norms are followed in your GorGaz. After all, it is their representatives who will take the equipment into operation. Actually, the designer should tell you all the subtleties, but it is also desirable to know this – you will need to prepare the room for installation.
Where to put
Now about where and how you can place gas equipment of different capacities. We will talk about gas boilers and columns, their power is summarized:
- with a power of up to 150 kW inclusive – in a separate room on any floor, including the basement and basement;
- from 151 kW to 350 kW inclusive – in a separate room on the first, basement or basement floor, as well as in a separate attached room.
More powerful installations in private homes are not used.
Requirements for kitchens in which a gas boiler is installed
When placing a flowing gas water heater or a gas heating boiler with a power of up to 60 kW in the kitchen, the room must meet the following standards:
- The volume of the room must be at least 15 cubic meters, plus 1 cubic meter for each kilowatt of gas boiler power.
- Ceiling height – at least 2,5 m.
- Availability of ventilation:
- extractor hood with a capacity of at least three times the volume of the room;
- the flow is the same, plus air for combustion.
- The presence of a window with a window leaf. The area of the window depends on the thickness of the glass. With a glass thickness of 3 mm, the area of one glass (only glass) should not be less than 0,8 m2, with a thickness of 4 mm – not less than 1 m2, glass 5 mm – 1,5 m2.
- At the bottom of the door, a ventilation hole (grille or gap between the door and the floor) with a size of at least 0,025 m is required2.
Organization of the removal of combustion products in a floor gas boiler
There is one more thing that is not spelled out in the norms, but which exists: the installation of a gas boiler is only allowed in a room with doors. In light of the latest trends – removing partitions and making arches instead of doors – this can be a problem. Without a door, permission will not be signed. The way out is to put sliding (retractable) or folding doors. Another option is glass doors. They do not “load” the interior, but they are perceived precisely as doors.
All these requirements must be met. With violations, you simply will not sign the act of acceptance.
Requirements for individual rooms
The requirements for individual boiler rooms are similar, but there are some differences:
- Ceiling height – not less than 2,5 m;
- The volume and area of the room are determined by the convenience of maintenance, but should not be less than 15 m3.
- Walls leading to adjacent rooms must have a fire resistance limit of 0,75 hours and a zero limit for the spread of fire along the structure (brick, concrete, building blocks).
- The hood with the same requirements: for outflow – a three-fold exchange, for inflow in the same volume, plus air for combustion.
- The room must have a window. Glass area – not less than 0,03 m2 per cubic meter.
If the equipment is installed with a power of 150 kW or more, one of the prerequisites is the presence of an exit to the street. A second exit can be equipped – to a utility room (not residential). It can be a pantry or a corridor. Doors must be fireproof.
Please note that when calculating windows, the area of u0,8buXNUMXbglass is considered, and not the size of the window opening. Moreover, in some cases, they require the presence of at least one glass with an area of uXNUMXbuXNUMXbat least XNUMX square meters. If it is problematic to enlarge the windows, you can make a similar window in the door (the standard does not say that it should be in the wall).
How to attach boiler rooms
Sometimes in the house there is no way to allocate a separate room. In this case, the boiler room is attached. The standards for ceiling height, volume, glazing and ventilation remain the same as for individual rooms, only specific standards are added:
- The boiler room is attached to a solid wall. The nearest window or door should be at least a meter away.
- Walls must be non-combustible. This means that they must provide 0,75 hours before ignition (45 minutes). Such materials are brick, concrete, shell rock, cinder block, foam and gas concrete.
- The extension walls must not be integrated with the main building. That is, the foundation is made separate, incoherent, all four walls are built.
The extension must be built on a non-cohesive foundation
Please note that the extension must be registered. Without official documents on it, no one will carry gas to you. And one more thing: when designing it, lay down all the norms without deviations, otherwise they will not be accepted. If the installation of a gas boiler is planned in an existing room, some deviations may be overlooked or some compensation may be offered (if there is a missing volume or ceiling height, they may be asked to increase the glazing area). For newly built buildings (and extensions too) there are no such discounts: they must include all the standards.
United kitchens
Today it has become fashionable to have studio apartments or to combine the kitchen with the living room. It turns out a single large space in which it is easy to implement design ideas. But, the gas service regards such a room as residential and prohibits the installation of gas equipment.
It will not be possible to solve the problem with a studio apartment, but there is a way out with a combined one. If you are just planning to combine the kitchen and the living room, when you draw up the documents, call the resulting room the kitchen-dining room. This space is not residential, so there will be no restrictions. If the papers are already framed, you can try to redo them or go the other way – install a sliding partition. True, in this case, the alteration of documents will be required.
Place for installation of a gas boiler
Speaking specifically about apartments, they install gas boilers in them mostly in the kitchens. There are all the necessary communications: water supply, gas, there is a window and an extractor hood. It remains only to determine a suitable place for the boiler. For such an installation, wall-mounted (mounted) boilers are used. They are mounted on several hooks attached to the walls (they usually come with the kit).
As for installation in other rooms of an apartment or house, as a rule, none of them pass the requirements. For example, the bathroom does not have a window with natural light, the corridor usually does not fit in size – there are not enough tolerances from the corners or to the opposite wall, there is usually no ventilation at all or it is not enough. With pantries the same trouble – there is no ventilation and windows, there is not enough volume.
If there are stairs to the second floor in the house, often the owners want to put the boiler under the stairs or in this room. In terms of volume, it usually passes, and ventilation will have to be made very powerful – the volume is considered to be in two levels and it is necessary to ensure its triple exchange. This will require several pipes (three or more) of a very large cross section (at least 200 mm).
After you have decided on the room for the installation of a gas boiler, it remains to find a place for it. It is selected based on the type of boiler (wall or floor) and the requirements of the manufacturer. The data sheet usually details the distances from the wall to the right / left, the installation height relative to the floor and ceiling, as well as the distance from the front surface to the opposite wall. These may vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, so read the manual carefully.
Installation standards according to SNiP
In the absence of such recommendations in the equipment passport, the installation of a gas boiler can be carried out according to the recommendations of SNiP 42-101-2003 p 6,23. It says:
- Gas boilers can be installed on fireproof walls at a distance of at least 2 cm from it.
- If the wall is slow-burning or combustible (wooden, frame, etc.), it must be protected by fireproof material. This may be a three-millimeter sheet of asbestos, on top of which a sheet of metal is fixed. Plastering with a layer of at least 3 cm is also considered as protection. In this case, the boiler must be hung at a distance of 3 cm. The dimensions of the fireproof material must exceed the dimensions of the boiler by 10 cm from the sides and bottom, and from above must be 70 cm more.
Questions may arise regarding the asbestos sheet: today it is recognized as a material hazardous to health. You can replace it with a layer of mineral wool cardboard. And keep in mind that ceramic tiles are also considered a fireproof base, even if they are laid on wooden walls: a layer of glue and ceramics just give the required fire resistance.
The installation of a gas boiler relative to the side walls is also regulated. If the wall is non-combustible, the distance cannot be less than 10 cm. For combustible and slow-burning, this distance is 25 cm (without additional protection).
If a floor standing gas boiler is installed, the base must be non-combustible. A non-combustible stand is made on a wooden floor. It must provide a fire resistance limit of 0,75 hours (45 minutes). These are either bricks laid on a spoon (1/4 of a brick), or thick ceramic floor tiles that are laid on top of an asbestos sheet fixed to a metal sheet. The dimensions of the non-combustible base are 10 cm larger than the dimensions of the installed boiler.