Installation is a situationally (vision) formed general program (direction) of behavior. This is a state of readiness, a person’s predisposition to a certain program of behavior in a particular situation.
“I give an instruction” means “I give a holistic, general program of behavior.” Attitude and action.
“I decided” is practically the same as “formed a vision, attitude and attitude — a program of action.”
Installation types
Installations can be situational or fixed (depending on the duration of action) and directed and non-directional.
A situational setting is a setting that operates once under given conditions.
A fixed installation is a stable, long-term installation.
Non-directional installation — an installation that does not have a narrow specific direction (I want from Moscow).
Directed installation — a specific installation that has a clear direction (I want to Orel)
An attitude can be laid down as a result of a learning process or formed as a result of life experience.
Illustrations
Let’s say that I, being an insecure person, read a smart book and found out that it turns out that in order to be a successful person you need to be self-confident. And now I have an attitude: “when I am at work, I will behave confidently.” This is a variant of non-directional installation, because I don’t think about how to specifically behave — confident-how? Either to speak in front of an audience on a case without business, or not to be afraid to argue with superiors, or to be able to make decisions and not doubt them.
If I read an even smarter book — and realized that I need to learn how to speak more in front of an audience — and then I will look confident — I already have a directed attitude “I will be at work — I will talk a lot in front of colleagues, make all kinds of announcements, etc. etc.»
Forms
Attitudes are conscious, unconscious and unconscious.
- Unconscious simple installations,
- more complex social attitudes,
- value orientations of the individual.
Related concepts
Attitude is the willingness to do something. A specific image, a program of actions that a person implements or wants to implement in a particular situation.
Suggestion — verbal insertion of formulas, views, positions, attitudes and programs of behavior into a partner.
Attitude is a change in the functional (physical and mental) state of a person in connection with the situation. Directly with actions and activity Attitude is not connected.
We can have one, generally negative attitude towards a person, and at the same time many (perhaps even mutually exclusive) attitudes towards him — in various specific situations. For example, the famous La Pierre paradox, when the owner of one hotel, in general, has a negative attitude towards the Chinese , nevertheless accepted them in his hotel. The presence of a negative or positive attitude is a background, a condition, but not yet an obligatory reason for behavior.
A prejudice is a belief that was formed in advance, before the event happened. Prejudice can be both negative and positive. Like belief, it is not based on logical arguments, unlike persuasion.
A habit is a behaviorally (by repetition) formed specific program of behavior. Something that is done completely automatically under certain conditions. This is not a state, but actions fixed by repetition (skills and skills). A habit takes longer to develop and is more rigid, harder to change.
Feelings are a steady, stable change in the physical and mental state of a person to solve life problems.
Emotions are a situational change in the physical and mental state of a person in order to solve life problems.