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Peach is a capricious tree that requires constant attention from the gardener. But if you take care of it properly, carry out agricultural techniques in time, you will be rewarded in the form of juicy large fruits, because the peach is one of the three most delicious fruits in the world along with orange and mango. But in order to taste the harvest, it is necessary to protect the tender tree from external enemies: diseases and parasites. The article will tell you when and what kind of processing is necessary for your peach to cope with the enemies and give a harvest.
Optimal period for processing
In order for a peach tree to be able to bear fruit, it needs help: take care of it, fertilize the soil, water it, and also fight various pests and diseases, which the peach has a lot of. It is necessary to spray the peach orchard several times a year, since each spraying aims at a specific task aimed at combating a certain type of pest. Every experienced gardener knows that this tree needs to be processed. Let’s take a closer look at processing times.
Spring
In the spring, it is necessary to process the peach. Spring processing of peaches is carried out several times: before bud break, on a pink bud and final, after flowering. Each of them has its own tasks, so it will not be possible to process a peach orchard in one spraying.
The first treatment, early, before bud break, is carried out when the temperature no longer drops below +4 degrees. The goal is the destruction of various insects wintering in the bark of a tree or in its shoots. The procedure is carried out in several stages with an interval of 3-4 days. Use fungicides based on copper-containing preparations (Bordeaux liquid, blue vitriol) as well as a solarium emulsion.
Please note that during this period you should not use drugs based on urea. Since it contains nitrogen, which is an active stimulator of vegetation. If such preparations are used before bud break begins, they will speed up the plant’s exit from dormancy, “wake up” it ahead of time, which can lead to failures in the further development of the tree, up to crop loss.
Spraying during this period also helps in the fight against curl, the most dangerous enemy of the peach orchard. The spores of the fungus overwinter, and then multiply on the leaves germinating from the buds, staining them brown. Young leaves curl, dry up and fall off. As a result, the tree grows worse, does not bear fruit. All the same copper-containing preparations help well against this fungus.
Rose bud treatment contributes to the fight against various pests, which just at this time come out of hibernation and begin to destroy young foliage and parasitize on the bark. Such spraying is also carried out to prevent such dangerous fungal diseases as powdery mildew, moniliosis or scab. Bordeaux liquid has proven itself well for such operations. Processing it in moderation will not harm your health.
Spraying after flowering is the final stage of spring tree processing. Has a “fixing” effect, destroying those parasites that survived after the previous two stages.
Summer
Summer processing is carried out to combat pests that have settled in peach. Urea is perfect for this. This fungicide works well on most pests. Also paired with it, you can use a variety of insecticides. Remember that all work on spraying preparations must be stopped without fail 20 days before the crop ripens.
Autumn
Autumn processing is required to suppress the reproduction of fungal spores, because in the fall the most favorable conditions for the development of fungi are formed – high temperature and humidity. If not processed in the fall, then spring, along with the tree, will be met by millions of new fungal spores that have spread along all branches, and the fight against them will require considerable effort, money and time. Therefore, you should not miss autumn – processing at this time is very important and is done for the future.
It is worth noting that the beginning of the first, spring processing depends on the region where the peach grows. In the southern, warm regions, spraying begins as early as mid-March, but the farther north, the dates for the start of the procedure move closer to April – it all depends on the average air temperature, which should not fall below +4 degrees Celsius. Further spraying is carried out based on the observation of the growth and development of the tree – the beginning of the growing season, the appearance of the first foliage, buds, fruits.
What to spray – drugs
Peaches have enough enemies, among them the most dangerous diseases are leaf curl, moniliosis (fruit rot), coccomycosis, clasterosporiasis, and powdery mildew. In addition to diseases, aphids, weevil, eastern codling moth, fruit moth and various mites like to “feast” on it. To combat parasites, many drugs have been developed, called fungicides (protection from diseases) and insecticides (protection from insects). Consider the most popular in the fight against pests, spraying which is most effective:
- urea. Carbamide, actively and effectively coping with most harmful insects;
- copper-based fungicides, copper sulfate and Bordeaux liquid, are used in the fight against most fungal infections;
- fungicide preparations “Abiga-Peak”, “Gaupsin”, “Planriz”, “Skor”, “Trichodermin”, “Khoruz”, “Tattu”. They are used in the fight against most fungal infections;
- preparations-insecticides “Aktara”, “Engio”, “Aktellik”. Preparations are used against a variety of insect pests;
- solar emulsion. An effective insecticide. If the plant is sprayed with such a mixture, it will be covered with a film that blocks the access of oxygen to various insects wintering in the bark, which is why they either crawl out or die;
- folk remedies. Tinctures of garlic, lavender or tobacco have long been used against aphids. If a tree is sprayed with such a solution, insects that cannot tolerate the sharp aroma of the drug will leave the tree.
Processing technology
To achieve the maximum effect, spraying should be carried out according to the rules. If you ignore them, then all your efforts may be useless – you will spend the solution, but do not remove the pests.
First of all, in the fall, before spraying, clean the garden – collect and burn all the fallen leaves, and also cut off dry and diseased branches, and treat the cut points with garden pitch. In autumn and spring, spraying is carried out on a quiet, clear, windless day, make sure that it does not rain during or in the next 2-3 days, otherwise it will wash away the chemicals. If this happens, you must repeat the procedure. It is advisable to spray in the morning, after the dew has evaporated, or closer to sunset, when the weather is calm. In the spring, during the growing season, if there is no dew at night and your garden is lit, the procedure can be carried out at night. It is necessary to achieve the finest possible spraying of the solution, while treating the entire surface of the tree: trunk, branches, foliage on both sides.
The first spraying in early spring against insects wintering in the bark should be carried out using a watering can with large holes. Thus, we supply the maximum volume of the solution to the plant, simply pouring it so that water can get into even the smallest cracks without having time to absorb or evaporate and at the same time kill all parasites.
It is worth noting that gardeners often use complex pest control measures, spraying peach orchards with a mixture of fungicides and insecticides, which destroys both fungal parasites and insects equally well. Also, do not spray with the same preparations – pests quickly adapt. Use different chemicals – the choice of samples on the market is quite large.
The ability to start spraying on time, choosing the right preparations, can save your peach from death. And knowing the rules of spraying will save you from unnecessary financial expenses for re-purchasing drugs and will help ensure that the peach crop will be born on time and in full.
Video “Spraying peach”
This video will show you how to spray a peach.