How to protect plants from fungal diseases: tips
In wet weather, plants in the garden can infect fungal diseases. We figure out how to save plantings and future crops.
July 22 2017
External signs of fungal plant diseases are the appearance of plaque, spots, areas with decayed plant tissue. The infection can be spread by seeds, wind, raindrops, insects, and from infected plants on the soil surface. Plants become infected during the period of heavy rains and growth, as well as among heavily thickened plantings.
To avoid infection with fungal diseases, it is necessary to carry out prophylaxis: weed weeds, collect plant residues from the beds, install and change trapping belts to fight insects – carriers of diseases, ventilate greenhouses, water the plants only with warm water and prevent water from getting on the foliage, regularly loosen soil, thin out seedlings, disinfect seeds before sowing, prevent excess nitrogen fertilizers in the soil, observe crop rotation (with a planting interval after 2-5 years), remove and burn diseased plants, disinfect equipment and premises with caustic soda or bleach. And also to plant mustard, calendula and marigolds in the aisles – they emit special substances that restrain the spread of diseases.
If, nevertheless, the disease has struck the plants, use the most effective chemical method of struggle: Bordeaux liquid, iron vitriol, zineb, celtan, oxychom, foundationol, scor and others. And biofungicides are considered modern means of combating diseases: phytosporin M, alirin, gamair, planriz, phytodoctor, pseudobacterin-2, trichodermin, previcur, barrier, agate-25K, alirin-B, bactofit, gamair, glyocladin, discor, maxim, gaupsin, mycosan.
The most common fungal diseases
Late blight. It can be found on potatoes, tomatoes. Brown spots appear first on the leaves, later on the stems and fruits. Here are some proven popular recipes for prevention.
Pour 500 g of onion and garlic with 10 liters of water, insist for up to a day. We dilute the infusion 1:10 and spill the soil.
· Dilute low-fat milk or whey with water 1: 1, spray once a week.
· Spray infected tomatoes with a solution of soap and copper.
We process the plants with a composition of copper sulfate (5 g of the substance is diluted in 10 liters of water)
· 1 kg of fresh or 150 g of dried horsetail, pour 10 liters of water and insist for a day.
The present powdery mildew found on tomatoes, peas, carrots, spinach. A mealy bloom appears on the upper side of the leaves. Spraying helps – pour 50 g of soda with boiling water, boil for another 30 minutes, add 40 g of soap and dilute 10 liters of water.
Downy Mildew affects cabbage, peas, spinach, onions, lettuce, potatoes, cucumbers, zucchini, beets, Swiss chard. Signs of the disease are powdery bloom on the underside of the leaves, yellow-brown spots on the top. Spraying can be done with 1% boric acid or baking soda (80 g is diluted in 10 liters of water).
Keela cruciferous spreads on plants of the cruciferous family: cabbage, radish, radish. Signs – growths on the roots, inhibited growth. We water the plantings with a decoction of horsetail, and also add ash and chalk to the soil.