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Experienced gardeners say that roses are best planted in the fall. At this time, there are all the necessary conditions that will help the young seedling take root and take root in a new place. It often rains in autumn, so you don’t have to worry about watering. In addition, successful rooting is facilitated by the correct humidity of the air and the soil heated to the desired level. But no matter how favorable the conditions are, a lot depends on the gardener. This article will look at how roses are planted with an open root system in the fall.
Selection of suitable seedlings
It is better to buy bushes for planting in specialized stores. Of course, you can order seedlings on the Internet, but it will not be possible to look at their condition. Shrubs with an open root system are cheaper. But it is important to remember that such seedlings must be planted in the near future.
Roots should not be dry or showing signs of decay. A healthy root system always develops proportionately and also has a natural uniform color. A good seedling should have at least 3 main shoots. Thorns and stems have a uniform green color and a glossy sheen.
If you buy bushes with a closed root system, you must definitely look at how tightly the earthen ball adjoins the root system and the container. A healthy bush has a large number of young branches, on which there are fresh green leaves.
Choosing a site for growing roses
The seedling will take root well, and will actively grow only in the right area. In doing so, some requirements must be taken into account. The fact is that a rose is a rather whimsical plant, for which you need to create suitable conditions.
Rose loves warmth and sunshine. Therefore, only well-lit places are chosen for growing the “queen of flowers”. On the north side, the flower garden can be covered by buildings, as long as the south side is completely open. Bushes should not be blown by the winds from all sides. In addition, the rose does not grow well in shady places. For this reason, the plant is not planted near trees and lush shrubs.
The groundwater level in the area with roses should not be too high. Stagnation of moisture can provoke rotting of the root system. In such conditions, roses will simply die. What soil is suitable for growing roses?
There are 3 main criteria:
- loose fertile soil;
- the level of soil acidity is slightly acidic;
- a sufficient amount of mineral and organic fertilizers.
To plant seedlings, you need to prepare the site in advance. To do this, it is carefully dug up. At this stage, mineral fertilizers can be applied. The amount of nutrients is determined according to the instructions. A month before planting a bush, you need to fertilize the soil with compost or humus.
The right technology for planting roses
Probably the most important thing in planting roses is the choice of a specific date. It depends on whether young seedlings have time to take root by the beginning of frost. In the southern regions, it is customary to plant roses from the beginning of October until the middle of the month. In the middle lane, this period falls in mid-September – the first weeks of October. In areas with a cold climate, they try to plant plants before the end of September.
If you plant roses too early, then foliage can actively begin to grow on the bushes, and frosts will catch the plants at the most inopportune moment, when the young shoots are still very tender. If, on the contrary, the seedlings are planted later, then the bushes simply will not have time to take root and may freeze during the first night frosts.
It happens that the weather changes dramatically, and severe frosts begin. In this case, planting roses is not advised. Seedlings in containers can be placed on a glazed balcony. The main thing is that the air temperature in such a room does not fall below 0 ° C. And bushes with an open root system are best planted in a greenhouse or greenhouse.
How to prepare a seedling
Planting roses begins with the preparation of the seedlings themselves. Bushes with an open root system must be left for a day in a bucket of water. If you are going to plant roses from special containers, then no preparation is needed. After that, all damaged and dry branches are cut from the bushes. It is also necessary to remove leaves and shoots from the plant, leaving about 30 centimeters.
Rotten and dry roots should be removed. A white core should be visible on the cut, which means that living wood has begun. For prevention, you can spray the seedling with a solution (3%) of iron sulfate. This is done so that the plant hurts less. And the roots themselves should be lowered into a special “talker”. It is prepared from mullein and clay (200 grams of mullein is taken for 100 grams of clay).
How to plant roses
First you need to dig a hole. For one or two bushes, separate holes are dug. If you are going to plant a large number of roses, it will be more convenient to dig a trench. The pit should be at least 40 cm in diameter, depending on the size of the root system. In autumn, roses should be planted deep (from 60 to 70 cm), as the topsoil freezes faster.
You also need to determine the distance between the bushes. It all depends on the particular variety of roses:
- Polyanthus roses are planted at a distance of about 40 cm.
- For hybrid tea, at least 60 cm is required.
- Repairers will feel good at a distance of about 70 cm.
- Park varieties should be at a distance of 1 m from each other.
If the soil is quite heavy, it is necessary to place a special drainage at the bottom of the pit. To do this, the bottom surface is lined with a layer of broken bricks or pebbles. Such drainage should be no more than 2-3 cm in thickness. Next, you need to carefully spread the root system along the bottom. To do this, you can pour a little soil in the middle of the pit, and then put a seedling on it and lower the roots down.
Each layer of soil is compacted a little so that there are no air cavities in the soil. After that, the seedling is generously watered. This may require about 2 buckets of liquid. After the moisture is absorbed, it is advisable to mulch the soil. In autumn, such a procedure can save the bushes from temperature changes. Still moist soil is sprinkled a little with dry soil, after which the bushes are hilled with peat. The height of the embankment should be at least 20 cm. Compost or hay is also suitable for this purpose.
Preparation for winter
It is important not only to plant roses correctly, but also to cover them well for the winter. This is especially true for regions where winter is very cold and frosty. To reliably insulate the shelter, it is necessary to make a special frame of metal rods around the plant. Also, instead of them, you can use ordinary wooden pegs that are simply dug into the ground. Then the structure is covered with a special material. It can be lutrasil or agrofibre. Shelter must be properly attached with wire so that it is not blown away by the wind. When the snow falls, the shelter can be additionally covered with a thick snowdrift.
Conclusion
As we have been able to see, planting roses is a rather troublesome business. It is necessary to choose a good planting material, prepare a seedling and soil, dig a hole of the right size, mulch the soil and cover the bush well for the winter. Only by doing all this you can achieve good results. But how nice it will be when a bush planted in autumn blooms next year, delighting everyone around with its aroma and beauty.
