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Fans of appetizing and juicy berries know that the perennial shrub from which it is harvested is popularly called not only gooseberries, but also northern grapes. Fruits from it can be harvested already a few years after planting, and rich harvests should be expected for 18 to 30 years. About what varieties and when it is better to plant in the regions of our country, how gooseberries are planted in the spring, how to properly care for seedlings, prevent the underlying disease and apply top dressing, read right now.
The most common varieties
Growing this culture, many people know that its fruits are not only tasty, but also healthy. They allow you to establish a metabolism, maintain normal pressure indicators, strengthen the walls of blood vessels, increase immunity, and are used as an excellent diuretic, choleretic agent.
Today, about 160 varieties of gooseberries are known, the fruiting of which occurs from the beginning of July until the very beginning of autumn. Among them are such excellent varieties as Mashenka, Amber, Grushenka, Ural emerald, Green rain, Souvenir, Gentle, Prune, Honey, Commander, Consul, Harlequin, Dessert, Nugget, Naughty, Gingerbread Man, Spring, Lada, Mukurines, Rochester, Donetsk large-fruited, In memory of Komarov and many, many others.
Let us dwell in more detail on those varieties that are best suited for planting in Our Country.
It would be correct to choose such a type of gooseberry as Date. This product of national selection is distinguished by large leaves and fruits, as well as massive bushes. The fruits are mostly pear-shaped, sometimes more rounded, and have a characteristic dark purple hue.
There is also a variety of English yellow. It is slightly sprawling and quite tall. Ripe berries are usually painted in a rich yellow color. It has very sweet, but not particularly aromatic flesh. It has such qualities as winter hardiness, strong immunity to infections, a high degree of productivity.
The Lefora Seedling variety will also be an excellent choice. It is endowed with the ability to produce early crops and reproduces without problems. The fruits are large in size and excellent in taste. The advantages of the variety are frost resistance, good immunity, increased productivity.
Warsaw gooseberry pleases its owner with berries covered with a strong and thick peel, each of which weighs about 20 grams. They have a great taste and can stay on the branches for a long time.
If you find it unpleasant to constantly scratch your hands with thorns when picking berries, you can prefer one of the types of thornless gooseberries. These include varieties Rodnik, Gentle, Eaglet, Krasnodar Lights and others. For the middle zone of our country, it would be right to choose one of such species as African, Spring, Eaglet, Northern Captain.
As for the Moscow region, such species as Captain, African, Pink, Mysovsky-37, Bottle Green grow best there.
For Siberia, it would be right to give preference to frost-resistant varieties. These are Altai Golden, Malachite, Lefora Seedling, Dawn, Cherry and some others.
Video “Varieties”
From the video you will learn about gooseberry varieties.
Where can I buy
In our age of new technologies, there are no problems with the acquisition of horticultural and horticultural crops. Today, any breeding station or nursery has a website on the Internet. Having learned a link to it from friends or searching on the World Wide Web on your own, you can read about the features of a particular variety, find out the cost and method of delivery of seedlings. Many gardeners are also involved in their implementation. And do not forget about the old and proven method – buying in the spring and autumn on the market.
In order to purchase a really high-quality copy and not make a mistake with the choice of variety, you should ask the seller for the relevant documents. They are usually a quality certificate for the product and a certificate of passing a special sanitary control.
When is the best time to plant
Many novice gardeners are wondering when is the best time to plant gooseberries, in spring or autumn? Experts say that in the spring it is necessary to plan a landing for those days when there are no buds yet, but the earth has already managed to warm up normally.
Often this period coincides with the end of March – the beginning of April. It is also permissible to plant in the fall. As the practical experience of many gardeners shows, in the fall it is better to do this only in the first decade of October.
Which place to choose for landing
Now you know when you can plant bushes of your favorite berries. But how to choose the right place for them on the plot? It is believed that gooseberries can be grown on soil that has any structure.
The main condition is the introduction of appropriate dressings. The only exceptions are areas with swampy terrain. It is not recommended to plant bushes where cold air tends to accumulate. 
Since during the period of spring frosts in this case, freezing of flowers is not excluded. And then there is no need to wait for a rich harvest. An excellent option would be a flat and somewhat flat area, which receives a sufficient amount of natural light. A prepared piece of land in the autumn should be dug up and mineral and organic fertilizers applied. You will need manure, potassium salt and phosphate rock. The depth of digging should not be less than 2 dm.
How to plant seedlings
When the landing site is selected and prepared, you can start planting the bushes. How to do it right? It is advised to plan a landing on a cloudy and calm day. On each shoot up to 2 dm long there should not be less than 2 buds. When planting, the roots must be well straightened.
The diameter of the hole in the presence of light soil is about 0 m, with heavy soil – up to 5. The root neck should not be deepened into the soil more than 0 dm below its level. Next, it will be correct to pour each bush with water in an amount of about 7 liters. The hole must be sprinkled on top with dry soil or even peat, humus.
How to care
When caring for shrubs, it will be correct to loosen the earth under them to a depth of 15 cm, as well as rid the site of weeds and periodically water your favorite crops. The frequency of watering in the summer depends on weather conditions. But usually enough 3 times for the whole summer. For the first time, the bush is watered when it begins to bloom, the next time it coincides with the time of fruit formation. The third time watering is carried out at the end of summer, before preparing the shrubs for the wintering period.
In the autumn period, it is necessary to get rid of all weeds and plant debris on the site. You will also need to remove diseased and dying branches and shoots. Shortly before the onset of the first frost, a layer of sawdust or peat should be poured under the bushes, the thickness of which is at least 10 cm. Next, each bush must be spudded. In the spring, do not forget about loosening the earth.
Prophylaxis against spherotheca
This disease can bring a lot of harm to gooseberries. Because it covers almost all of its parts. The disease spares neither foliage, nor stems, nor berries. Usually, signs of the disease can be detected at the end of May. The sphere library is characterized by a white coating that appears on the back of the leaves. By mid-June, it spreads to other parts of the bush. And closer to August it acquires a brown color. The result of such a defeat of the culture is the deformation and drying of the shoots, and then the inevitable death of the entire shrub. What can be done to prevent such a dangerous disease. Experienced summer residents, after the last snow has left the site, pour boiling water over the bushes. So, in most cases, it is possible to protect your favorite culture from this scourge.
Fertilizer fertilizer
After the first fragile leaves are clearly visible on the bush, each plant must be fertilized with two 10-liter buckets of water, in which complex mineral fertilizer and urea are previously dissolved. A mixture of nitrophoska in the amount of 2 tablespoons and 1 teaspoon of urea can act as a top dressing with a high mineral content. This procedure is important. Thanks to her, the gooseberry receives the phosphorus and nitrogen necessary for normal growth and development. Before the flowering period begins, the culture should be fertilized with potassium sulfate.
To do this, it is diluted in the amount of 1 tablespoon in 10 liters of water. It is recommended to add such excellent fertilizers as “Breadwinner” there. It is rich in elements important for the growth and development of the shrub – nitrogen and potassium. Its consumption is 2 tablespoons per 10 liters of liquid. Feeding again will be required during the formation of fruit ovaries. At this time, it is advised to use Ideal liquid fertilizer with a high content of organic and mineral substances. Under each culture, you need to make about 30 liters of such a solution.
Video “Secrets of Growing”
From the video you will learn about the secrets of growing gooseberries.
