How to plant a peach on a plum, on an apricot

Peach is a thermophilic plant that is difficult to grow in regions with cold winters. But grafting a peach onto a fruit tree can solve the problem, making it whiter to cold hardy with maximum fruiting. Everyone can master the grafting technique, the main thing is to purchase sharp tools and strictly follow the instructions.

Why graft peaches

Grafting is one way to propagate peach. Thanks to this procedure, you can collect a rich harvest of high quality, increase frost resistance, resume fruiting and save rare varieties.

If the plot is small, several varieties are grafted onto one graft. This will allow you to grow a tree that will produce crops with different flavors.

Peach grafting is a long and interesting occupation, it requires gardeners not only precise movements, but also compliance with the rules of execution. In order for the vaccination to be successful, you need to know the timing, time, choose the right stock and study existing methods.

Valuable varieties of peach can be propagated by green cuttings. This method is suitable for obtaining self-rooted seedlings. Root young cuttings in nutrient soil. The container is filled with prepared soil, the top is covered with sand. The stalk is treated in the preparation “Kornevin” or “Epin” and planted at an acute angle. To create a favorable microclimate, the container is covered with a glass jar. In the process of rooting, regular irrigation and ventilation are carried out.

However, most gardeners propagate peach in the garden by grafting.

There are several ways to graft a peach:

• copulation;
• occlusion;
• into cleavage;
• for the bark.

Timing of peach grafting

Vaccination is possible at any positive temperature. The timing depends on the region, the age of the tree and the method chosen.

In the spring, peach grafting is done by budding and copulation. Agronomists consider spring to be the best time, as the weather and sap flow will help to restore wounds after surgery in the shortest possible time.

Spring vaccination is carried out during the swelling of the kidneys, after the air has warmed up to + 8 ° C, since sub-zero temperatures will lead to rejection of the grafted cutting.

Peach grafting in the summer is carried out by budding in the crown. The healing process takes about a month. Gardeners distinguish 2 categories of summer vaccinations:

• early summer – the beginning of June;
• year – from 10 to 30 July.

Autumn vaccination is recommended in regions with a warm climate. In cities with unstable weather, the scion will not have time to take root and will freeze with a 100% probability during the first frosts.

Preparation of tools and materials

Vaccination must be done the first time. To obtain a positive result, the sections must be even, without defects and serrations. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare sterile and very sharp instruments. The following tools are used for vaccination:

• pruner;
• knife;
• garden saw.

Also at hand should be: glue, plastic wrap, electrical tape, garden pitch, bandage and newspaper. The newspaper is needed when vaccinating in the summer. It will save the vaccination site from direct sunlight.

What can you graft a peach on?

The best rootstock are hardy varieties of peaches. By combining several valuable varieties, you can grow a rare, high-yielding species with large, tasty fruits.

Also suitable as a stock:

Apricot – shows high survival rates, therefore it is suitable for inexperienced gardeners. Scion strengths:

• good fruiting;
• high survival rate;
• lack of flow.

Plum – it is used as a rootstock if peach is grown in regions with changeable weather. Strong, cold-resistant varieties are suitable for stock.

Cherry plum is an ideal stock. Based on it, the peach tree acquires immunity to fungal diseases, and ripened peaches acquire an unusual taste. This stock has one drawback – basal shoots. If it is not removed in a timely manner, it will take a lot of strength from the tree, which will lead to a decrease in yield.

Almond – this stock is suitable only for the southern regions. Such a grafted peach can grow and bear fruit only in warm weather.

Blackthorn and felt cherry – gardeners claim that by taking these trees as a rootstock, you can grow a bushy peach tree of compact size. But so that the flexible branches do not break during fruiting, it is necessary to install supports.

Clone rootstocks for peach are also suitable for grafting, which will have good compatibility, and they will not have a negative effect:

1. spring flame – a hybrid of Chinese plum and cherry plum. The rootstock is medium tall, frost-resistant, suitable for the southern and middle regions.
2. Kuban-86 – semi-dwarf rootstock with well-developed roots and immunity to nematodes.
3. BBA-1 – a hybrid of cherry plum and plum. The rootstock is drought and frost-resistant.
4. Speaker – a hybrid of cherry plum and cherry plum, which is suitable for growing in the Central region of Our Country. The variety is highly disease resistant.
5. VSV-1 – a hybrid of cherry plum and felt cherry. The rootstock grows well on moist soil, resistant to diseases, frost-resistant, can grow in all regions of Our Country.

Is it possible to graft a peach on an apricot

Peach and apricot are very similar crops. Therefore, apricot is considered an ideal rootstock for peach, since many varieties are cold-resistant and can grow on any soil. The best time for grafting a peach on an apricot is the spring-summer period. If the vaccination is done in the spring, it is necessary to wait for the frost to end, and cover the vaccination site with polyethylene. Summer vaccination is carried out from early June to mid-July.

The best varieties for rootstock:

• Veteran;
• Juicy;
• Greensboro;
• Redhaven.

When grafted onto an apricot, the peach will have early fruiting and strong growth. The growing season ends early, which allows the plant to mature well and safely endure the upcoming cold. For grafting on an apricot, any method you like is suitable.

Is it possible to graft a peach on a plum

Grafting a peach onto a plum makes it possible to retain the varietal qualities of the peach. Since the plum is unpretentious, resistant to diseases and tolerates harsh winters well, and the peach tree grows strong, healthy and well-bearing.

For stock, 2 varieties of plums are suitable:

• Hungarian Donetsk;
• Hungarian Italian.

Benefits of Grafting a Peach on a Peach

The peach serves as the best scion for the peach. By combining different varieties, you can grow a high, unique crop with good taste.

When using a peach as a scion, it must be remembered that heavy, alkaline soil is not suitable for such a rootstock. The positive qualities include durability, low risk of drying out and the absence of root growth. The weak side of the scion: low drought and frost resistance.

To date, gardeners use 2 types of rootstock: generative and vegetative. Generative propagation of peach is carried out by seed germination. From one seed, with proper care, 1 rootstock grows.

Reproduction of peach by cuttings (vegetative method) to obtain a high-quality rootstock allows you to get an improved variety and collect a generous harvest of tasty and large fruits. According to gardeners, the best rootstock for peach is considered to be a grown seedling from a varietal cutting.

Peach compatibility with other fruit trees

You can practice with peach grafting on any fruit crops, but only a few are considered the best. Before grafting, you need to choose the strongest and healthiest specimens and know what outcome can be expected.

In addition to plum, peach and apricot, you can consider other options:

1. Almonds – used in warm cities. This is a strong, tall tree, so the peach is perfect. Any variety can be grafted onto almonds. With proper manipulation, the yield will increase by 2 times.
2. alycha – an ideal stock that is suitable for home gardens with heavy, waterlogged soil. The shape of the peach will be bushy, which makes harvesting easier. With the timely removal of root shoots, fruiting occurs early, annually and abundantly. Certain varieties of peach can be grafted onto cherry plum, such as: Kyiv and Sverkhranniy.
3. Felt cherry – when using this rootstock, the peach tree grows undersized, but frost-resistant. During fruiting, flexible shoots need support, otherwise the branches will break before the fruit is fully ripe. The rootstock has one drawback – the peach will often suffer from moniliosis.
4. Turner – you can grow a low-growing, cold-resistant shrub that will stably bear fruit. In order for the fruits to be tasty and large, it is necessary to regularly remove the root shoots.

Scion preparation

Suitable for rootstock are 2 summer shoots without flower buds, about half a meter long. They are cut in autumn, after leaf fall, from the southern part of the crown. In weakened, thin shoots, the survival rate is low, therefore, cuttings with a diameter of 5-10 mm are suitable for scioning. It is better to cut them from a healthy tree in the morning or evening hours.

Cut cuttings are tied, wrapped in a damp cloth, put in a plastic bag and placed in a refrigerator or basement, where the air temperature will not exceed + 2 ° C. In well-preserved cuttings, the wood should be even and the buds not deformed. Before grafting, it is better to check the viability of the scion, if it bends and does not break, then it is suitable for subsequent work.

Peach grafting by budding

Budding is a good method to get a healthy and well-bearing tree. It is necessary:

• to increase frost resistance;
• to obtain high-quality, varietal peaches;
• for early fruiting.

Budding can be carried out in the butt and in the crown of the stock.

Grafting in the butt is suitable for young seedlings. The method is difficult, so it is not suitable for an inexperienced gardener. Technique:

1. A shield 3 cm long is made on the handle, leaving one kidney in the center.
2. On the rootstock, a bark 3 cm long is removed.
3. The shield is applied to the incision on the rootstock and fixed with electrical tape.
4. A month later, the fixative is removed, the junction of the stock and scion is treated with garden pitch.

T-shaped budding in the crown of the scion – this method is used in the spring, when the air temperature warms up to + 8 ° C. Vaccination sequence:

1. A vertical and horizontal incision is made on the rootstock.
2. A bud with a base is cut from the scion.
3. A kidney is inserted into the incision of the cortex and the upper part is cut off.
4. Top and bottom of the vaccination site is fixed with a film.

How to graft a peach by copulation

Vaccination is carried out in early spring. The method is simple to implement and does not require much effort and time. Execution method:

• the stalk and stock should have the same thickness along the length;
• the vaccination site is disinfected and a cut is made at an angle of 45 °;
• a similar cut is made on the handle under the lower kidney;
• connect 2 fragments and fix with electrical tape;
• the junction is sealed with garden pitch.

Grafting a peach by the bark

This method is used to rejuvenate the tree. For this:

• cut off the trunk or stem branch, clean the place of the cut;
• a vertical incision 6 cm long is made on the stock and the bark is carefully separated for better entry of the cutting;
• an oblique cut is made on the handle;
• peach scion is inserted behind the bark and fixed with polyethylene or electrical tape.

How to graft a peach “in a split”

Split grafting is a simple and popular method that has many advantages:

• ideal – it can be used with the same and different diameters of the stock and scion;
• 100% survival rate;
• simple in execution.

Vaccination is carried out in the spring at the time of swelling of the kidneys. Vaccination technique:

1. Preparation and splitting of the rootstock – the trunk selected for the stock is cleaned of dirt and old bark. If the diameter of the rootstock is small, an incision is made with a sharp knife to a depth of 3-4 cm. To prevent the split from closing, a wedge is inserted into it.
2. Scion preparation – a wedge-shaped cut 3-5 cm long is made on the prepared cutting. Bare wood should not be touched with hands, as this can lead to infection.
3. Rootstock and scion joints – the prepared cutting is inserted into the split so that the cambial layers converge. The place of vaccination is tied with cling film, open places are covered with garden pitch. Until the buds open, in order to maintain air humidity, the vaccination site is covered with a transparent plastic bag.

Caring for grafted peaches

The fixing bandage is removed 30 days after the vaccination, and the cut site is treated with garden pitch. Even if the stalk has taken root, further growth, development and fruiting depends on compliance with the rules of care. Peach is an unpretentious tree, but agrotechnical rules must be observed with all responsibility:

• Watering is carried out every 14 days, as the top layer of soil dries out. In order for the root system to receive a sufficient amount of moisture, 10-15 liters of water are spent on each plant.
• Often, shoots begin to form at the vaccination site, which must be disposed of in a timely manner. Otherwise, the tree will begin to spend energy on the development of the root system, instead of building up green mass, flowering and fruiting.
• It is necessary to regularly inspect the peach, since after grafting the tree is weakened, and diseases and pests can join it. Prevention is best done in the morning and evening hours, using folk remedies and disinfectant solutions.

Conclusion

Grafting a peach is an interesting and easy task. By observing the deadlines, the technique of carrying out and choosing the right tree for the stock, you can easily grow a peach tree even in regions with an unstable climate.