Thinking sensibly, analyzing information, taking into account different points of view, drawing fair conclusions and finding the best way out of difficult situations – this is what it means to think critically. We will tell you how to develop this ability.
“Life is a tragedy for those who live by the senses, and a comedy for those who live by the mind” – Jean de La Bruyère’s statement may sound somewhat radical. Cognitive psychology claims that we feel the way we think. Many believe that feelings are above all or have nothing to do with thoughts, but still feelings are a product of thoughts. Such a statement is both frightening and liberating. It frightens, because in this case we are responsible for our attitude, gives freedom, because we have the right to choose thoughts, mood and perception.
It is worth realizing that thinking can be guided, and we discover many abilities. We can better control life circumstances, improve decision-making and be more productive. This does not mean that you should not pay attention to emotions and feelings. It’s about managing the state with the help of cognitive functions.
Thinking critically and finding a way out of difficult situations is obtained if:
- trust common sense more than emotions;
- assess the situation from different angles;
- be open-minded about alternative interpretations;
- take into account all evidence, explanations and information;
- rethink information;
- leave aside personal preferences and prejudices;
- take into account all possible options;
- avoid hasty conclusions.
Like any skill, it takes time, persistence and practice. To master it, you need to know what actions are needed for this and how to perform them.
Critical Thinking Guide to Problem Solving
Define the problem. First you need to make sure that it exists. Sometimes, on reflection, you can come to the conclusion that this is not a problem, but a misunderstanding. If there is a problem, determine exactly what happened. As clinical psychologist Barry Lubetkin writes, “A person who systematically weighs the pros and cons and can clearly identify and describe a problem is highly intelligent.”
Analyze the problem. Once the problem has been identified, consider it from all sides. Is she allowed? Is it real or obvious? Can you do it yourself or do you need help? Sometimes, looking at the situation from a different angle, you can quickly find a way out. In addition, in this way it will be possible to discover what you were mistaken about, or a sudden guess will flash that needs to be developed.
Have a brainstorm. Each problem can be solved in several ways. Make a list of possible solutions. Write down whatever comes to mind, then go through the list and keep the best you can. Several viable options will provide the most worthy result.
Choose what suits you the most. Review your list of possible solutions again. Different situations require different approaches. What worked once may not work under similar circumstances. Give yourself time to consider what will help in your particular case. There are no universal solutions.
Go ahead, follow the plan. For every problem there is a solution, even if it’s just accepting the situation and moving on. Instead of treating difficulties and challenges as insurmountable obstacles, it’s better to see them as opportunities, if only to hone your critical thinking skills.
With each task that we managed to solve, we become more confident and stronger. Critical thinking is necessary not only to successfully cope with the tests, so we gain life experience and learn objectivity.
Source: essentiallifeskills.net