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Batun onions are valued for their fresh consumption. Green feathers are cut from spring to autumn. For early greens, last year’s plantings are used, and in the fall, onions grown with seeds sown in March or April arrive. This plant can also be sown in early summer and late autumn. When to plant a vitamin vegetable crop, the gardeners themselves decide.
Description
Now 50 varieties of onion-batun are registered in the country. Among the people, the plant was called pipe bow, Tatar, sand onion. The plant is widespread in Asia, now popular all over the world. Batun is a perennial, but often the plant is grown as an annual crop for a quick harvest of green succulent leaves.
The bulbs of the onion-batun are oblong, with small, thin scales. They are only slightly thicker and denser than the stem formed from feathers. Not used for storage. The fistulous feathers of the onion-batun grow up to 40-60 cm, up to 2 cm in diameter. They are rich green in color, juicy, with a delicate, not very spicy taste. This property of onion-batun differs from onions or shallots. From one bush get 30-40 shoots. Young leaves are frost-resistant, endure cold snaps down to -8 degrees, are rich in vitamins C, A, B.
In the second year, a batun grown from seeds produces an arrow with a peduncle, up to 50-60 cm. The inflorescence is an umbrella of many white flowers. In one place, the bush grows up to 7 years, but gradually degenerates. The most abundant crop of green onions is obtained in the second or third years of crop growth. After that, the bush is either completely dug up or seated. The collected seeds serve as seed for propagation.
Batun onions reproduce not only by planting seeds, but also by dividing the bush. Growing onions in the spring through seedlings is used to speed up the ripening of its greens. Seeds are sown in June or before winter so that the greens grow in early spring.
Growing seedlings
For quick ripening of onion leaves this year, seeds are sown in March or April. Growing onion seedlings makes it possible to avoid diseases in the early stages of development and accelerate the production of greenery. An annual crop is harvested along with the bulbs.
Soil preparation
After deciding when to plant onions, gardeners prepare containers, drainage material, and soil for seedlings.
- Soddy soil and humus are mixed equally;
- A glass of wood ash and 80 g of nitroammofoska are added to a bucket of the composition;
- If the garden soil needs to be disinfected, it is steamed in a water bath for 30-40 minutes or watered with a pink solution of potassium permanganate.
Drainage is placed in the container – pebbles, agroperlite, pieces of polystyrene from under the package, broken ceramics. A prepared substrate is poured on top, which is moistened before sowing the seeds.
Preparation and sowing of seeds
Now there are a lot of preparations in the distribution network that can be used to process the seeds of onion-batun before sowing, referring to the instructions.
- Traditionally, onion seeds are soaked in a pink solution of potassium permanganate for 15-20 minutes for disinfection;
- After that, they are placed on a soft material at the bottom of a bowl of water or placed in water in small bags for a day. Water will have to be changed twice;
- Wet onion seeds in a bag are kept in the refrigerator for 48 hours, then gently dried and sown;
- Onion seeds are buried by 2-3 cm. The distance between the rows of plants is 5-6 cm;
- The soil is slightly compacted, sprinkled with coarse sand on top and moistened through a sprayer.
The container is covered with film, glass to create a warm, humid greenhouse atmosphere. Onion seeds for germination need to provide a temperature of 18-21 0C.
Sprout care
The first shoots of onion-batun, grown for seedlings at home from seeds, appear after 11-17 days. The containers are transferred to light, but cool, up to 10-11 0S, place. Daytime temperature should be no higher than 16 degrees, and night – 13 degrees. Onion seedlings develop well if they are provided with a 14-hour light day with the help of additional lighting with a phytolamp or LED lamp.
- Water the onion sprouts sparingly. It is necessary to carefully monitor that the soil does not dry out or become waterlogged;
- After 7-10 days, the first feeding of plants is carried out. First, a solution of superphosphate is added separately, taking into account the proportion of 2,5 g per 1 sq. m. Also fertilize then with potassium sulfate;
- When the first true leaf of the onion-batun grows, the seedlings are thinned out. Remove excess sprouts, leaving a distance of 3 cm between seedlings.
Onions grown from seeds for feathers must be hardened off before planting in the ground. They begin by systematically opening the windows, letting in cool air. Then the onion seedlings are taken out into the open air, first during the day, and with warming, containers with sprouts are left overnight.
Plants in the garden
Two-month-old onion seedlings grow well and grow stronger by June, when they need to be planted in the garden. Plants should have 3-4 true leaves and long fibrous roots. The thickness of the plant stem at the base should be 5 mm.
Choice of soil for culture
Batun onion is very picky about the soil. Onion leaves are poured only on nutrient soils, with abundant, but not excessive watering. Soil acidity is also important for onions. For this variety of onions, the soil is slightly acidic or neutral. The culture gives the best crops on sandy loam and loam.
- In autumn, on the future bed of onion-batun, they bring in 1 square. m for a bucket of humus or compost, 25 ammonium nitrate, 30 g of superphosphate, 20 g of potassium sulfate;
- Batun onions cannot be planted on the site where carrots, any onions, garlic, cucumbers were grown last year. Common pests can remain and ruin the crop.
Landing
A place for seedlings of onion-batun can be chosen not as carefully as for onions. And in partial shade it will grow tall and juicy.
- Between rows for planting seedlings of onion-batun leave 20-30 cm;
- The depth of the hole is 11-13 cm, a handful of wood ash is thrown to the bottom;
- The plant is planted vertically, compacting the soil around the stem;
- Rows with onion bushes are watered;
- The earth in the rows is mulched with a 1-centimeter layer of humus.
Watering and feeding
It is desirable to water the onion with warm water in such volumes that the soil is moistened by 17-19 cm. If there is no rain, it is watered more often, creating the required conditions for the plants. When planting plants in the garden, one of the organic fertilizers is applied with the first watering.
- Liquid mullein is diluted in water in the proportion of 1 part of organic matter to 10 parts of water;
- Bird droppings are diluted in a ratio of 1:15. The solution with litter is infused for 10 days, and then the plants are watered with it;
- Two weeks later, onions are fertilized with wood ash, pouring 50-70 g under each plant.
Plant protection
Against the onion fly, onion moth and onion weevil, which feed on the leaves of the onion, use insecticides, according to the instructions.
Protection against peronosporosis, a grayish mold on the leaves of the plant, will be Hom, Oksikhom and other copper-containing fungicides.
Vitamin greens will decorate the summer and autumn table already in the year of sowing seeds. And next spring, a hardy plant will delight with a new portion of vitamins.
