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Every gardener dreams that beautiful rose bushes grow on his plot. These flowers are quite picky, so they need special care. But still, even in the harsh conditions of Siberia, you can grow beautiful buds. The main thing is to properly prepare the flowers for wintering. In this article, we will take a closer look at how to cover roses in Siberia so that they do not suffer from frost.
Roses and the Siberian climate
In warmer regions, roses may not be covered. Snow is a natural shelter that will keep the plants from freezing. In this case, the bushes are simply cut and fed in the fall. In this form, roses can easily endure even the most severe cold.
In Siberia, where winters are much harsher, you will have to think about building an artificial shelter. In warm regions, too warm shelter can cause bushes to rot. But in Siberia, one cannot do without it.
Preparing roses for winter
The preparation of roses consists mainly of 2 stages:
- top dressing;
- pruning.
This must be done on time and correctly. With the beginning of August, it is necessary to stop watering the bushes. Then in October, you will need to water the roses abundantly so that the water penetrates deep into the soil and nourishes the roses throughout the winter. In order to strengthen the root system and stems, it is necessary to feed the plants. For this, potash and phosphate fertilizers are used.
Then the bushes are pruned. All leaves and dried branches are removed from them. All damaged and broken shoots are also cut off. The method of pruning largely depends on the variety of roses. For example, standard roses are not heavily pruned. For the winter, they are carefully laid out on the ground and dug in. Therefore, it is necessary to cut only those branches that do not bend well. So, it will be more convenient to cover the bush.
Climbing roses need to cut off all old and dried branches. If I run for more than three years, then it can be safely cut off. They also remove branches that are too long, which in the future may simply break from strong winds. Without fail, branches that are affected by pests and diseases must be removed from the bushes. Then they need to be burned so that pathogens do not spread to other plants.
Under natural conditions, the ripening of the fruit gives the plant a signal that it is time to move into the dormant phase. Thus, the plant will not begin to form young shoots.
Some gardeners believe that pruning only harms plants, since pathogens can easily enter through the pruning site. But at the same time, pruning helps the plant withstand severe frosts, and in this case the branches do not suffer in any way.
Shelter of bushes for the winter from needles
In Siberia, caring for roses is much more difficult. In order for the plants to easily survive the winter, they need to be prepared for this in advance. It must be remembered that only well-groomed and strong bushes are more resistant. To do this, they need to be regularly fed and trimmed throughout the season.
An excellent shelter for bushes can be built from ordinary spruce branches. But it is important to remember that this material is only suitable for those roses whose height after pruning is no more than 50 centimeters. It is necessary to build such a shelter closer to the onset of frost, since in warm weather the plants can simply slither under a thick layer of branches.
First you need to loosen the soil around the bush. This should be done very carefully so as not to hurt the root system. The main thing is that the thickness of loose soil is about 5 centimeters. After that, the bush is treated with a solution of copper sulfate. You can also use Bordeaux liquid. Then the topsoil is carefully sprinkled with wood ash. This will protect the plant from pests and various fungal diseases.
When the temperature drops to -5 ° C at night, the bushes can be spudded with peat. Young seedlings spud up to the middle of their growth, and taller plants up to 1/3 of the height of the entire bush. In this form, roses are not afraid of even the most severe frosts.
It is important that the soil or peat is dry. So, air will freely penetrate the plant.
After that, you can proceed to the construction of the shelter itself. To do this, spread pine or spruce branches on top. Do not fill in the gaps with dry leaves, grass or sawdust. Such materials will quickly begin to rot when moisture enters the structure. You can cover roses only in dry sunny weather.
Polyethylene greenhouse construction
Many gardeners are used to covering bushes with polyethylene. Such a shelter perfectly protects plants from the cold. And with proper ventilation, the bushes will definitely not rot. To build such a shelter, you will need the following materials and devices:
- metal rods or bows;
- ruberoid;
- polyethylene film.
To properly cover roses with polyethylene, you must follow these steps:
- First of all, of course, the roses need to be prepared. They are fed, cut and tied so that they can be conveniently laid on the ground.
- Thus, you can cover both one bush and entire rows. Above the roses, metal arms are installed. You can do this in advance, and then just throw covering material on top. In addition, you can dig out outlets for water so that it does not flow inside.
- When frosts come, the arcs should be covered with roofing material, and it, in turn, with polyethylene. Such a shelter will not allow moisture to accumulate, which can cause decay. The edges of the roofing material can be slightly raised so that fresh air enters the flowers.
In addition to roofing material, you can use ordinary cardboard or bitumen paper. It is installed on metal arcs, and then covered with polyethylene. Polyethylene in this case protects the structure from moisture.
We take shelter in the spring
As soon as it gets warmer outside, the roses will need to be freed from shelter. It is important not to do it too early, or, conversely, too late. So that excess moisture does not accumulate on the beds with roses in the spring, they need to be planted in raised areas. They usually warm up first.
Roses should be opened gradually so that the bushes get used to sunlight and temperature changes. To do this, first raise the edges of the covering material. Then you need to completely open one side of the structure. After a while, the shelter is completely removed.
Spruce or pine branches are removed from the bushes immediately after the snow begins to melt. If you do not have time to do this, moisture can seep inside, and the plant will begin to rot. At first, it is necessary to shade the bushes until they get used to direct sunlight. This will take from 5 to 10 days.
Immediately after adaptation, you can proceed to the spring pruning of roses. All shoots that have dried over the winter must be removed. Next, you should feed the bushes so that they gain strength before the start of the growing season. Also, do not forget about watering and loosening the soil.
Conclusion
Now you know exactly how to cover roses for the winter in Siberia. As you can see from this article, it is not necessary to use expensive materials for this. Even ordinary pine branches can save plants from frost. The main thing is that this shelter does not prevent the flowers from getting the necessary amount of fresh air and does not cause the bushes to rot. Even in winter, it is important to constantly air the roses. You also need to follow the correct deadlines. If you cover the roses early or too late, then they are unlikely to be able to endure the harsh Siberian frosts.
