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A private courtyard cannot be imagined without a utility room. Even if construction is just beginning on an empty site, they first try to install a utility block. It is equipped with basic necessities: a toilet, a shower, a pantry for storing tools. If it is already decided to get to work, then it is optimal to build a 3×6 barn with a shed roof, which in the future can be divided into three rooms.
Design features of a barn with a shed roof
The photo shows a drawing of a barn with a pitched roof. In this project, the optimal dimensions of the frame structure are taken – 3×6 m. In such a barn there is enough space to organize a shower, toilet and summer kitchen. Typically, such projects are developed in such a way that a separate entrance is made for each room.
If you put two partitions inside a 3×6 m hozblok, you get three rooms 2×3 m. For a summer kitchen, this area is ideal, but there will be a lot of this for a toilet and shower. Here the project can be slightly improved. By reducing the area of uXNUMXbuXNUMXbthe shower and toilet, it will be possible to make a fourth room, which will serve as a woodcutter or pantry for things.
When drawing up drawings of a frame barn, you can use ready-made examples taken from the Internet. In the photo, we presented another version of the hozblok with a shed roof.
Now let’s see why a shed roof is more suitable for a frame shed. Let’s start with the simplicity of the design. For any roof, rafters must be made. If the frame of the barn is made so that the front wall is 60 cm higher from the back, then the floor beams will fall under a slope. They will replace the rafters. Plus, when building a shed roof, there is no need to equip a ridge. The photo shows the drawings of the roof, according to which you can see its device.
With regards to other roof structures, it is possible to dwell only on a gable roof. Its advantage lies in the ability to organize the attic space. However, the construction of an inexperienced person of such a design is beyond the power of the complexity of the truss system. A flat roof requires reliable waterproofing, as it accumulates a lot of precipitation. A complex roof is built to decorate the building. The shed is a utility room, and this version of the roof will look strange. As you can see, the shed option has some advantages, and it is better to dwell on such a roof structure.
The procedure for performing work during the construction of a frame shed
When the project with the drawings is in your hands, you can begin to build a frame shed with a shed roof on the selected site with your own hands.
Decide on the type of foundation
Not only residential buildings, but also any sheds are built on the foundation. Let’s start with him. The most reliable base is considered to be a concrete tape.
Such a base will reliably protect the frame shed from moisture. However, on peat and sedimentary soil, the tape will be ineffective. Here screw piles are preferred. So, the weight of the frame shed is small, so it is enough to equip a shallow base:
- On the site where the frame shed will be built, dig a trench 40–50 cm deep. You can take a smaller width – about 30 cm. Make a pillow in the trench by filling in a layer of sand with crushed stone 10–15 cm thick. Cover the bottom and side walls with sheets of roofing material.
- The next step is the manufacture of a reinforcing frame. It is tied from rods 12–14 mm thick. To connect the elements, use a knitting wire. A gap of 5 cm is provided between the reinforcing frame and the walls of the trench.
- The concrete tape should protrude at least 10 cm above the ground. To do this, install formwork around the trench from the boards. With a high foundation height, reinforce the upper boards with props.
It is better to pour concrete in one day to get a monolithic tape. The construction of a barn with a shed roof begins no earlier than two weeks later.
A budget option for a frame shed is a foundation made of oak or larch logs. To make it, select a round log with a minimum thickness of 30 cm and a length of 2 m. Carefully cover each log with bitumen. It is optimal to apply 3-4 layers. Until the bitumen has hardened, wrap the lower part of the column with two layers of roofing material. Wrap only the part of the log that will be in the ground.
Under each pillar, dig a hole 1,5 m deep. Pour 10 cm of sand at the bottom. Install the poles so that their part protruding from the ground with a height of about 50 cm is on the same level. Pack the gap around the logs with soil or fill with concrete.
Of all the foundation options for a frame shed, a columnar base is most often chosen. The process of its manufacture is similar to the installation of log supports:
- First, on the site, using stakes and a cord, mark out the dimensions of the future barn. In 1,5 m increments, dig holes about 80 cm deep. They must be in the corners, as well as in places where partitions are provided inside the shed according to the project.
- Fill each hole with a 15 cm layer of sand or gravel. Lay out the pillars of red brick on concrete mortar. You can use cinder block or concrete blocks.
Having built all the pillars, process them with bitumen. Waterproofing will prevent the destruction of the brick by dampness. Fill the gaps between the posts and the walls of the holes with earth.
Step-by-step construction of a barn frame
So, it’s time to learn how to build a barn with your own hands using frame technology. Let’s look at all the stages of work:
- We begin work by covering the foundation with two layers of roofing material. Waterproofing is needed for any base, regardless of its design.
- From a bar with a section of at least 100×100 mm, we assemble the frame of the lower harness. It must be fixed on the foundation. To wooden poles, simply nail the frame obliquely with long nails or secure it with mounting brackets. Fix the frame to the concrete base with anchor studs.
- When the frame is securely fixed, we proceed to install the lag. For their manufacture we use a board with a section of 50×100 mm. We fasten the logs with the help of mounting corners with a step of 50 cm.
- Now let’s start making the frame of the barn. We put racks in the corners and perimeter of the frame. To simplify the design of a shed roof, we make the front pillars 3 m high, and the rear ones 2,4 m high. This will make it possible to make a slope on the frame. We fasten the racks with the same mounting angles.
- Now let’s deal with the installation step of the racks. They are maximally removed from each other at a distance of 1,5 m. You can arrange them in 60 cm increments to get an additional emphasis under each floor beam. At the location of the doors, install additional racks to which the door frame will be attached. Do a similar procedure where the windows will be installed. On the window openings and on top of the door, fix the horizontal jumper.
- So that a shed with a shed roof does not warp over time, the frame needs to be strengthened. To do this, on all racks, install the jibs at an angle of 45о. Near window and door openings, sometimes it is impossible to maintain such an angle. It is allowed to install jibs with a slope of 60о.
- After installing and securing all the racks, we proceed to the upper trim of the frame. We make it from a bar of a similar section. The resulting frame will become the base of a pitched roof.
Shed frames with shed roofs are easy to manufacture. After fixing the top trim, you can start laying the floor beams. The finished frame of the barn with a shed roof should look like in the presented photo.
Sheathing of the walls of the frame is performed with a board, clapboard or OSB. A board with a thickness of 20–25 mm is laid on the floor. If a do-it-yourself warm shed with a shed roof is being built, then the floor, ceiling and wall sheathing is made double. In the resulting gap, thermal insulation is laid, for example, mineral wool or polystyrene. But it’s too early to do this, because you still need to install a shed roof over the barn.
Laying floor beams and roof installation
Now we will look at how to make a pitched roof on a frame shed. In order not to make rafters, we took a simple path by making the front and back walls of the frame of different heights.
So, for floor beams we will use a board with a section of 40×100 mm or 50×100 mm. We calculate the length of each blank so that an overhang about 50 cm wide is obtained behind and in front of the barn. We lay the beams in 60 cm increments. We fasten them to the upper trim with mounting corners.
When all the beams are laid on the barn frame, you can start roofing. You need to take a board with a thickness of 20 mm and fill the crate from it. Its step depends on the rigidity of the roofing material, but for a shed roof it is better to make it thicker. For a soft roof, in general, a continuous crate is needed, therefore, in order not to suffer with a board, it is easier to nail OSB boards.
When the shed roof shed is ready, you can lay the waterproofing. Usually, ruberoid is used for these purposes. In the case of a soft roof, a lining carpet is installed.
The final construction of a shed roof is the installation of roofing. For a frame shed, it is better to choose inexpensive materials, such as slate, ondulin or profiled sheet.
The video provides an overview of the pitched roof:
Now, after making the roof, you can proceed to wall cladding, insulation and interior arrangement of the frame shed. To prevent rainwater from running under the foundation from the roof slope, fix the drains, and lead the drain pipe to a drainage well or ravine.