Your cat may be suffering from ear mites, also called otacariasis or otodectosis. This disease is caused by a small mite and causes severe itching. Here’s what to do if you suspect ear mites.

Ear mites is a disease caused by a mite named Otodectes cynotis. This small parasite lives in the ear canals of dogs, cats and ferrets. It feeds on earwax and skin debris. The lesions are most often limited to the ear canals, but the mites can sometimes colonize the rest of the skin.

It is a very contagious disease which is transmitted from one animal to another by simple contact. In puppies and kittens, contamination is very common if the mother is infested. For humans, on the other hand, Otodectes present no risk.

The most common signs associated with ear mites are, on the one hand, itching in the ears. You can sometimes see scratches on the ear flaps. On the other hand, affected cats usually have a brown coating in the ear canal. This very thick earwax is often associated with ear mites but other causes are possible (fungal, bacterial otitis, etc.). These two signs are often present but not systematic. Sometimes ear mites, for example, are associated with clearer ear secretions.

If you detect the signs described in your cat, a consultation with the veterinarian should be considered. Parasites can sometimes be observed directly when the veterinarian inspects the ear canals with an otoscope. Otherwise, microscopic examination of a sample of earwax is necessary.

Most of the treatments available come in the form of spot-ons or pipettes, the same products that are effective against fleas and ticks. A single application is sufficient in most cases. However, in some cats a second application may be necessary, a month after the first, to completely eradicate the infestation. These spot-ons are very effective, provided they are applied correctly. The product should be placed between the shoulder blades, at the base of the neck, in contact with the skin. To do this, it is recommended to draw a parting by separating the hairs well. If the quantity of product is too large, a second line can be drawn next to it, rather than overflowing the first. Indeed, all the product which spreads in the hairs will not be absorbed and therefore, not effective.

There are also some treatments in the form of ointments to be placed directly in the ear canal. In this case, it is essential to treat both ears at the same time, after cleaning them. These products require repeated administration. They are particularly required in concomitant bacterial or fungal otitis.

Due to the contagious nature of this infestation, it is important to treat all cats, dogs and ferrets in the house. Indeed, even if the other animals in the household do not show signs (itching, brown secretions), they can harbor mites which will contaminate the cat again when treatment is stopped. Likewise, if topical products are used directly in the ear, it is essential to respect the duration of treatment. The resolution of the signs does not necessarily mean the disappearance of the mites. Stopping treatment too soon could therefore lead to a recurrence.

On the other hand, ear cleanings are often prescribed. They eliminate the accumulated brown earwax which contains many mites, and therefore accelerate healing. To achieve them properly, it is advisable to run the cleaning product in the duct by pulling the ear pin up slightly. While keeping the pavilion erect, gently massage the base of the duct. Fluid noises must reach you, if your massage is effective. Then release the cat’s ear and let it shake as you move away. If your cat lets it go, you can finally clean the pavilion with a compress or a tissue.

In conclusion, cat ear mites is a common and contagious disease. It is therefore necessary to know how to recognize the signs and consult a veterinarian early to avoid complications (bacterial or fungal otitis externa, otitis media, etc.). The treatment is simple to administer and very effective, provided that a few precautions are observed (treatment of all animals, respect for the duration, etc.). If you have any questions about your cat’s health, contact your veterinarian.