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Despite agricultural progress and the emergence of many modern agricultural tools and materials, most gardeners grow their vegetables in ordinary garden beds. This method is simpler, faster and does not require additional material investments.
This article will present the most productive varieties of tomatoes for open ground, describe the specifics of such tomatoes and the technology for their cultivation.
What is the peculiarity of fruitful tomatoes
It is believed that with the yield of a tomato variety, its exactingness also grows. That is, such tomatoes allegedly need to be fertilized more abundantly, watered more often, more carefully protected from pests and diseases.
However, modern breeding has advanced a lot – now you do not need to choose between productivity and unpretentiousness, it is quite possible to find a variety that meets these two criteria.
Of course, bushes with many simultaneously ripening fruits need more water and nutrients. But this does not mean that they will have to be watered daily and fertilized much more often. Just watering tomatoes of productive varieties, you need to hold the hose over the bush a little longer than usual, and apply a slightly larger dose of fertilizer.
Even the highest-yielding late-ripening tomato simply does not have time to ripen in an open garden – before the fruits turn red, autumn frosts will come.
So, when choosing a variety for open ground, you need to stop at a tomato:
- with a short growing season;
- with good resistance and the ability to endure spring and autumn frosts;
- processed against the most common diseases;
- relating to the selection group of tomatoes bred specifically for the territory of Our Country, or acclimatized foreign hybrids;
- adapted for cultivation in open beds.
It is believed that hybrid tomatoes are more productive. But many gardeners note the best taste in varietal tomatoes. Therefore, you need to choose a variety based on personal preferences.
“Riddle”
This hybrid is considered one of the best among the early ripening tomatoes for open ground. Fruits of the correct rounded shape are painted in rich red color. To taste, a hybrid tomato is no worse than varietal early-ripening tomatoes.
The ripening dates of the variety are early – 2,5 months after sowing the seeds, it is already possible to harvest. The weight of one fruit is approximately 150 grams. The bushes are low (about 45 cm), but powerful, with a lot of leaves.
You do not need to tie the bushes – the stems are thick enough to support the weight of the tomatoes. But this hybrid needs to be pinched regularly, as a lot of stepchildren appear on the bushes. If the side shoots are rooted, they will take root well and quickly. This allows you to get an additional crop of tomatoes that will ripen a couple of weeks later than the fruits on the main plant.
It is possible not to pinch the bushes, then the tomatoes will be a little smaller.
Anastasia
These hybrid tomatoes are considered super early. The plant belongs to the determinant, however, the bushes are quite high. For greater productivity, it is better to form a bush in one or two stems. Be sure to tie up the plants.
Tomato variety “Anastasia” is very productive – the ovaries on the bushes are formed every two leaves. About 8 fruits are formed in each brush at the same time.
The mass of each tomato is about 200 grams. The fruits are red, slightly tapering downwards. The pulp is aromatic and juicy, the tomatoes are very tasty. With good care from each plant, you can get 12 kg of tomatoes.
“Roma”
This hybrid variety belongs to the group of mid-ripening tomatoes. The fruits do not ripen very quickly, but the tomato is characterized by high productivity and resistance to external factors. On each brush of the plant, up to 20 tomatoes are tied at the same time.
The shape of the fruit is cream, the tomatoes are painted red. The average fruit weight is 80-100 grams. Bushes of medium height, semi-spreading, standard.
Tomatoes are elastic, have tasty and fragrant pulp. Small size and dense peel allow the use of fruits for canning, pickling.
“Rio de Grande”
Tomatoes of this variety are universal – the fruits are tasty both fresh and in salads, suitable for canning, pickling, processing.
Bushes of medium height (about 60 cm) do not need to be tied up, which greatly simplifies the care of beds with tomatoes.
The shape of the fruit is cream. Color – red. The tomatoes themselves are small, each weighing about 115 grams. The taste is at its best, the tomatoes are sweet and fragrant.
“Wonder of the World”
This variety belongs to indeterminate tomatoes, the height of which exceeds 1 meter. Gardeners call the plant a lemon-liana, because a tomato bush grows like a liana – it weaves along a support, and the fruits are yellow and look like small lemons.
The mass of each tomato is from 50 to 110 grams. The clusters growing at the top of the bush can contain up to 45 fruits in each bunch, and the lower clusters consist of a maximum of 25 tomatoes.
The main purpose of this hybrid variety is preservation and pickling.
“Tarasenko 2”
Another indeterminate variety with a high yield. The fruits are painted in a red-orange hue, they are distinguished by sweet pulp and dense skin. The weight of one tomato is 60-70 grams.
About 35 tomatoes ripen in each bunch, which allows you to get a good harvest from a medium-sized bush. Fruits perfectly tolerate transportation and can be stored for a long time. This makes the variety suitable for growing for sale.
“De Barao Yellow”
A hybrid variety, whose bushes are considered indeterminate and reach a medium height. The maturation period is medium-late – the entire growing season is about four months. This is long enough for most regions of Our Country, therefore it is recommended to grow De Barao Yellow in the open ground only in the south of the country. In the middle lane and in the north, it is better to plant a crop in a greenhouse.
The fruits are painted in a bright orange color, their shape is oval, the peel is dense. The mass of each tomato is about 60 grams. High density allows tomatoes to tolerate transportation and long-term storage well.
“Amur Shtamb”
A hybrid with early ripening – 90 days after sowing seeds for seedlings, the first mature fruits appear.
The bushes reach a small height – a maximum of 60 cm, but a large number of fruits ripen on them at the same time. The plant endures low temperatures, drought, resists most diseases, so the yield of the Amur Shtamb variety is always consistently high.
Tomatoes are small in size, the average fruit weight is about 80 grams. The shape of the fruit is round, the tomatoes are painted red. Taste characteristics are high, tomatoes of this hybrid variety are equally tasty fresh and canned.
“Gift”
A mid-season variety intended for growing in the beds of the southern regions. But, even in the temperate zone of the center of the country, the tomato yields a high yield.
The plant is quite unpretentious: all that a Gift variety tomato needs is regular watering and several top dressings during the growing season. Ripe tomatoes have the shape of a slightly flattened ball, painted in a bright red hue. The taste is good, like most mid-ripening tomatoes.
But this can only be done in the southern regions with early spring and hot summers.
“Crimson Giant”
This variety cannot go unnoticed. The tomato wins in several categories at once: it has an early ripening period, a large mass of fruits of excellent taste, provides high yields, and is considered one of the most unpretentious varieties for open ground.
The fruits are painted in a crimson hue, have the shape of an oblate ball. The mass of one tomato can reach 700 grams. And each brush simultaneously contains about six fruits.
The size of the tomato does not allow it to be used for canning as a whole, but excellent salads, both fresh and canned, are obtained from tomatoes of this variety.
“Search F1”
Gardeners love these tomatoes for their unpretentiousness and, at the same time, for their exceptionally tasty fruits. And, of course, the variety belongs to the most productive tomatoes, providing gardeners with a sufficient number of tomatoes.
The hybrid endures cold snap, is immune to most diseases. The bushes are simply strewn with small red fruits that are great for pickling and preservation.
“Wild Rose”
The tomato is early ripe. It is considered one of the most unpretentious varieties, tolerates irregular watering, alternating drought with high humidity. Therefore, the variety is perfect for summer residents who visit their sites only on weekends.
The fruits are medium in size, pink in color, have a rounded shape. Tomatoes taste sweet and juicy, with sugary fragrant pulp. With sufficient care from each bush, you can collect more than six kilograms of tomatoes.
“Gina”
Tomatoes of this variety can be grown in any region of the country, the composition of the soil is also not important for the tomato – it bears fruit equally well on a variety of soils.
There will be no trouble with these tomatoes: they grow well in drought conditions, sudden changes in temperature, they are not afraid of viruses and diseases.
Round fruits are painted in a red-orange hue, are considered very tasty.
“Pudovik”
A representative of large-fruited tomatoes, a distinctive feature of which is the large mass of the fruit. The plant is indeterminate, the height of the bush is 150 cm. About ten tomatoes are formed on one plant, the mass of which ranges from 0,2 to 1 kg.
The variety belongs to the medium-early ones – it takes 115 days for the fruits to fully ripen. These tomatoes can be grown in any region of Our Country, even in the north the variety shows good results.
Up to five kilograms of fruits can be removed from each bush of this tomato, and more than 17 kg from one meter of soil.
“Diabolik”
Tomato, selected specifically for the climatic features of the temperate zone. Therefore, it tolerates local weather conditions much better than non-acclimatized Dutch varieties.
The height of the bushes reaches 120 cm, the fruits are red, medium in size and round in shape. A distinctive feature of the variety is the relatively small weight of the fruit. Harvest can be transported over long distances, stored, canned and pickled.
The variety “Diabolic” has a very good ability to tolerate “tomato” diseases and resist viruses.
“Marmande”
This variety of tomatoes stands out against the general background with increased resistance to low temperatures. This quality allows you to transfer seedlings to the beds 10-14 days earlier than other varieties. Therefore, the harvest of tomatoes will be the earliest.
Another ability of tomatoes is resistance to fungal diseases, which allows the variety to tolerate high humidity well.
The mass of fruits is quite large – about 250 grams, tomatoes are very tasty fresh and salads.
How to grow tomatoes outdoors
Growing tomatoes in garden beds is a little more difficult than growing tomatoes in closed greenhouses. This is due to the thermophilicity of the culture and the tendency of tomatoes to various fungal diseases. Tomatoes need warmth and the same level of humidity. This is difficult to achieve on open ground, because here a lot depends on weather conditions.
To simplify the “life” of your tomatoes and increase the yield, you must:
- Correctly calculate the time for sowing seeds for seedlings and transferring plants to the ground. Tomatoes should not be planted in the beds too early when there is still a threat of night frost. But too late transplantation dates will also have a bad effect on yields – the last tomatoes will not have time to ripen before the onset of autumn cold weather.
- The first two weeks after transplanting tomato seedlings to the garden, it is recommended to cover the plants with film or agrofibre at night to protect them from too sharp temperature changes.
- Do not allow excessive moisture in the soil, this contributes to the infection of plants with a fungus.
- Loosen the soil between the rows, which will help the roots to be saturated with oxygen.
- Pick ripe fruits in a timely manner so that they do not take strength from the bush and allow the rest of the tomatoes to develop normally.
- Treat tomatoes with special means against pests, diseases and viruses.
- Feed several times a season.
- Tie tall tomatoes to supports, pinch side shoots, controlling the thickening and shape of the bushes.
These simple rules will help increase the yield of any variety of tomatoes intended for open ground. Well, specially selected high-yield varieties of tomatoes for open ground, with proper care, will give unusually high yields, providing the gardener with the right amount of fresh vegetables.
