Furshetny grapes are a new hybrid form of the vine, bred by the Zaporozhye amateur breeder V.V. Zagorulko. As parental forms for this grape, Vitaly Vladimirovich chose the well-known varieties Kuban and Gift to Zaporozhye. His work on the development of a new variety was completed in 2008. The resulting grapes, incorporating all the best parental qualities, proved to be a very promising variety for home cultivation.
Description
Buffet in terms of ripening refers to early or mid-early varieties of culture. Its berries, depending on the climate of the area and the weather in the season, ripen 110-130 days from the beginning of flowering, that is, by about mid-August.
Description of the Furshetny grape variety and its photo:
- bush vigorous, powerful;
- shoot formation is excellent (on average, for every square meter of area occupied by Furshetny bushes, there are about 14-15 shoots);
- by the end of the growing season, all shoots ripen;
- the leaf is wide, curly, bright green;
- flowers bisexual;
- the clusters are quite large, have a medium-dense structure and a cylindrical-conical shape;
- their weight reaches 0,6-0,8 kg;
- berries are oval, ripe – dark blue, weighing 12-16 g;
- the skin is dense, with a thin wax coating, eaten;
- the pulp is sweet, filled with juice, fleshy;
- the taste is harmonious, with a slightly noticeable aftertaste of raisins or mulberries;
- the aroma is pleasant, pronounced.
Harvested grapes tolerate transportation well, are stored for a long time, which, combined with its early ripeness, allows it to be grown not only for personal use, but also for sale. The advantages of Furshetny grapes, according to its description, include:
- good maturity of shoots;
- frost resistance up to – 22˚С;
- resistance to gray mold, oidium and mildew (3 points);
- resistance to cracking of berries with excessive moisture, to susceptibility to wasps;
- uniformity of berries (no peas observed);
- overall high productivity of the bush.
Choosing a place, a seedling and planting it
In order to properly grow Furshetny grapes and be able to always get a bountiful harvest, you need to choose the best place for it on the site, where it can show its full potential. For example, lighting is very important for the normal accumulation of sugars in berries, so grapes should be planted in an open and sunny placewhere he will not lack warmth, air and light.
The soil for this crop should be loamy or sandy loam, clay and sand must first be improved – in the first case sand should be added to them, in the second – clay soil.
Another quality that the soil must have in order to ensure the successful development of grapes is that it must be loose and breathable. In such soil, plant roots do not lack oxygen, moisture and nutrients.
Furshetny seedlings can be planted both in spring and autumn. In the case of autumn planting, it must be started even before the onset of cold weather, so that the bush has time to adapt and prepare for winter. Before the cold weather, it must be covered, despite the fact that the Furshetny variety is not covering.
If the spring planting method is chosen, then it is carried out when it is already completely warmer, but the heat has not yet come and the sun has not dried the earth. At the same time, it is not necessary to delay planting, as this will negatively affect the survival rate of the seedling, and it will grow poorly.
Furshetny grape seedlings suitable for planting should be well developed, with lignified shoots and a strong root system. The bark should be intact, without cracks, spots, twigs flexible and healthy in appearance.
A plot for grapes is prepared in advance. It is cleared of weeds, dug up and leveled the ground. The landing process itself occurs in the following sequence:
- Pits or trenches are arranged in such a way that the distance from one seedling to another is 3 m, both in length and in width. The depth of the pits should be at least 0,8 m.
- At the bottom of the prepared recesses, drainage is poured in the form of broken bricks, slates or stones.
- From above it is covered with a mixture of good soil, sand, humus and ash. You can use combined mineral fertilizers instead of organics.
- A seedling is placed in the center of the pits, watered, and when the water is absorbed, sprinkle it with earth.
- The soil is mulched with hay or straw.
Supports are installed in a row and a wire is pulled between them so that a vine can be tied to them.
Care
Caring for newly planted Furshetny grapes involves mandatory irrigation, especially in dry years. Young bushes are often watered in the first year after planting – this is necessary for successful rooting. After each watering, the soil is loosened if it is not covered with mulch. Remove all weeds that appear around plants. Bushes of young grapes are fed, starting from 3 years of age. In the second season, it begins to bloom. In order not to burden the growing bush, only 1 bunch is left on it.
Caring for adult Buffet grape bushes is more complicated. The complex of agrotechnical measures includes watering, loosening, fertilizing, pruning and harvesting. Water the bushes several times during the growing season:
- in spring, if there is not enough moisture in the soil;
- before flowering;
- after that;
- before the berries begin to ripen;
- autumn after leaf fall, if the autumn is dry.
It is better to water the bushes not at the root, but to dig grooves near them, into which water is poured. So it is more evenly distributed over the area occupied by the roots of the grapes.
Furshetny grapes are fed with organic matter and mineral fertilizers. You can use manure (for winter application), humus (for spring application), ash. Organics makes the soil more structured, creates conditions for the development of beneficial microorganisms in it, which convert elements from mineral fertilizers into forms more accessible to plants. From mineral fertilizers, both simple fertilizers (nitrate, potassium salt, superphosphate) and complex and complex fertilizers (nitroammophoska, Mortar, Florovit, Kemira, etc.) can be used. Top dressing is combined with watering, after which the earth is loosened.
In addition to standard top dressing, foliar top dressing with complex fertilizers with trace elements or ash solution can also be used. For better adhesion, a little sugar can be added to the liquid.
It is not necessary to spray during the day, as droplets of the solution remain on the leaves and the plants can get burned. Foliar top dressing will help the bushes develop better during the growing season and prepare well for the upcoming winter.
Furshetny grape bushes are formed annually, starting from the second year. Pruning is carried out in the spring before sap flow to avoid “weeping” of the vine or in the fall after leaf fall, when the vine is fully mature. Shoots are cut into 5-8 eyes, 25-30 branches are left on the bush. Sections are made oblique with a slope on the opposite side of the shoots from the eyes. Cut pieces of shoots can be used for propagation. To do this, they are lowered into the cellar and stored there until the onset of spring.
Also, on adult bushes, the old bark is cleaned, carefully cleaning it off so as not to damage the wood located under it, and also cut off the roots that form near the trunk. How to form a buffet grape bush can be seen in this photo.
The buffet is resistant to fungal diseases, but nevertheless, to prevent infection, it is necessary to spray with fungicides and inspect the leaves and berries in order to notice the onset of the disease in time. The same applies to pests that can infect grapes. These are leafhoppers, leafworms, thrips and felt mites. They are destroyed with insecticides.
Harvesting is carried out from mid-August. At this time, the berries reach the size characteristic of the variety, turn into a typical color and acquire a bright taste. Clusters are cut with secateurs, placed in a light container and transferred to a storage place.
It is not necessary to cover adult Furshetny bushes in regions with moderate winters, it is quite frost-resistant. But where there are severe frosts in winter, shelter is indispensable. They remove it in the spring, before the start of sap flow, and again tie the shoots to the support.
Review and video
Furshetny grapes are popular with gardeners, so they leave their reviews about it.
In this video you can see Furshetny grapes.
Conclusion
Furshetny grapes are one of the many varieties of culture obtained by folk breeders. It does not require special care, is not problematic, but it is always fruitful. If you grow it in compliance with the rules of agricultural technology, the harvest of delicious blue berries is guaranteed.