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Among the various varieties of grapes, a new one appeared not so long ago – Transfiguration, thanks to the selection work of Krainov V.N. While the variety has not been officially entered into the State Register, however, it is of great interest to gardeners, since the hybrid form has taken the best characteristics from the base varieties: high yield, short harvest time, excellent taste.
Description of the grape variety Transfiguration
The grape variety Transfiguration is most suitable for growing in the southern regions of Our Country, Ukraine and Belarus. However, many gardeners, not without success, grow this variety in central Our Country, and they are not afraid that agricultural technology is becoming more complicated, because plants need to be covered for the winter. But it’s worth it.
Grapes Transformation ripens in record time: from 3 to 3,5 months passes from the moment the buds open to the ripening of the first brushes. The dates vary slightly in one direction or another, depending on the weather conditions and the place where the Transfiguration variety grows.
When describing the grapes of the Transformation variety, first of all, the size of the berries and brushes is noted.
In the photo, coins or matchboxes are placed next to the berries for comparison. Grape berries are very large, up to 5 cm long, elongated oval. The weight of one berry can be from 17 to 20 g. Mature berries of the Transformation variety have a light pink color, a sweet, slightly sour taste. The peel is of medium thickness, covered with a whitish wax coating. They tolerate transportation well, have an attractive presentation.
The weight of a bunch of grapes is from 1,7 to 3 kg, the shape is often conical. Good productive indicators make Preobrazhenie grapes suitable both for fresh consumption and for processing into wine and juices.
Other notable technical characteristics of the Transfiguration variety are:
- The mother bush forms a large number of stepchildren. In the southern regions, they receive a second crop;
- Cuttings can be grafted to any other varieties, they have a high percentage of survival;
- However, the Transfiguration grape bush itself grows large without grafting;
- High yield up to 20 kg jar 1 bush does not depend on the vagaries of nature;
- Resistance to viral and fungal diseases and damage by insect pests;
- Variety Transformation is not capricious in relation to soils, it is enough to place fertile soil in a planting hole;
- Grapes Transfiguration is not prone to pea, regardless of weather conditions;
- Suitable for growing in the middle lane, tolerates frosts down to -20 ° C;
- It is important that it is pollinated without the participation of insects, since the flowers are bisexual. Pollination occurs with any breath of wind. Artificially pollinate brush varieties Transformation is not required.
The grape variety Transformation has a lot of advantages that will manifest themselves to the fullest if the culture is properly looked after.
Watch the video for more details about the Preobražnie variety:
Features of growing grapes
Purchased planting material should be carefully examined when buying. There should be no obvious defects indicating that the seedling of the Transfiguration variety was frozen or overdried, damaged by diseases. A healthy seedling should have white roots and shoots should be green in cross section.
Landing
For planting grapes Transfiguration, you should determine the right place. Grapes still come from the southern regions, so for planting it, choose the southern well-lit areas of the garden, for the rows, choose the direction from north to south. Landing pits should be located at a distance of 2 m from each other.
Variety Transfiguration is undemanding to the quality of the soil. However, if the soil in the garden is not very fertile, with a low ability to form a humus layer, then humus or compost, wood ash and nitrogen fertilizers must be placed in the planting hole. Such a nutritious dressing is done for the Transfiguration grapes for the next 3-4 years. Cultivation results will be much higher.
The site for planting should be well-drained, without stagnant moisture, it is better to place it on some elevation. A landing hole is dug up to a depth of 0,5 m. All additives are mixed in it with the soil, well spilled with water so that the soil settles. And a seedling is planted. This method of planting is suitable for lignified seedlings of the Transformation variety, which will already give a small harvest next season.
The time for planting is chosen taking into account the climatic features of their area. In spring, a time is chosen when it is already warm enough, the air temperature is at least + 15 ° C, and the earth has warmed up by + 10 ° C.
Care
Further care of the grape crop consists of watering, fertilizing, pruning and protection from pests and diseases. You should follow the features of care, then the plant will thank you with a good harvest.
The peculiarities of watering include the fact that the Transfiguration grape loves water, however, a large amount of it can destroy the plant. Consider the structural features of the root system of grapes. It goes deep into the earth, and in order for all the roots to have enough moisture, it should be watered in large volumes.
So, a seedling of the first year of life is watered for the first time after planting once a week with 2 buckets of water, then after about a month they switch to watering every 3-4 weeks, however, they spend up to 4 buckets of water on watering.
Autumn water-charging watering is carried out after the leaves fall. It is necessary for the plant to better endure the winter cold, since dry soils freeze through more than wet ones. Moisture-charging irrigation is carried out despite the presence of rains, since the root system of the plant is very powerful and moisture from the rains may not be enough to penetrate deep into.
In spring, water-charging watering is carried out to activate the kidneys. Watering is necessary, especially if the winter was not very snowy.
For grapes Transfiguration, you can use various types of watering. If the underground irrigation system was not laid immediately, then surface irrigation is carried out. To do this, around the plant, departing from the root collar about 30 cm, make a furrow, up to 20 cm deep. Water is poured here.
Excess moisture affects the taste of the fruits of the Transformation variety. The taste deteriorates, the berries become excessively watery and tasteless. Therefore, if it turned out to be too rainy in summer, it is worth making drainage grooves through which excess moisture will flow from the trunk circle.
Trimming
Pruning grapes Transfiguration is the main agricultural technique for growing, which allows you to:
- Regulate the harvest of grapes Transfiguration, as a large number of bunches degrades their quality;
- To form a grape bush, removing fruit-bearing vines;
- Rejuvenate the plant, as pruning stimulates the growth of vine shoots.
For more information about pruning grapes, see the video:
Pruning is carried out in the spring, before the buds have blossomed, or in the fall. For the Transformation variety, according to winegrowers, fan pruning of the bush in the fall is preferable. Cut shoots are much easier to cover, and they will endure frost without damage. In the spring, dormant buds of grapes will bloom much earlier, which will reduce the period before harvest. Let us consider in detail how to carry out the formation of a bush.
In the first year of life in the fall, 2 shoots are left, which are shortened to 2 buds. The next year, a shoot will grow from each bud, they are shortened in the fall, one will become a replacement shoot, 2 buds are left on it, the other will be a fruiting vine, up to 12 buds are left on it.
Grape vines for the winter are bent to the ground, covered with soil and covered with sheets of slate or roofing material. In the spring, the shelter is removed, and the vines are bent down and tied horizontally to the ground on a trellis.
At the next pruning, the fruited vine is cut out completely to the very knot. Only 2 shoots remain there, 1 is made a replacement shoot, shortened to 2 buds, the second will bear fruit in the next season, its length is formed by 12 buds. This pruning system is repeated year after year.
It is preferable for grapes of the Transformation variety, grown not only in the temperate zone, but also in the southern regions. Allows you to cover the plant, form 2 or more sleeves, which leads to a high yield of the variety and excellent taste of grape berries.
Problems in growing the Transformation variety:
- The ability to form a large number of shoots. They will need to be removed. Each shoot is able to give one brush, however, this is too much load for the bush. The brushes of the Transformation grapes are very large, it will be difficult for them to ripen;
- Fungal diseases can also be a problem. In order to prevent the defeat of the grape bush by diseases, preventive spraying with Bordeaux liquid is done at the beginning of the growing season and after autumn pruning.
Grapes can transform your summer cottage if you take the time to grow and care for this interesting and rewarding crop.
Conclusion
Viticulture is a complex but fascinating process. The main goal – to obtain a decent harvest of grapes, can only be achieved with careful attention to the culture, the correct implementation of agricultural technology. An equally important role in the successful cultivation of grapes is a well-chosen variety. According to winegrowers, the Transformation variety has excellent characteristics in terms of yield and presentation of fruits, has bisexual flowers, which is convenient for pollination, resistant to frost, which makes it possible to grow it in the middle lane.
