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Gooseberry is a common crop. A variety of varieties allows you to choose a specimen suitable for planting with certain characteristics. Gooseberry Shershnevsky is a medium-late variety characterized by good yield and dessert taste of fruits.
Description of the gooseberry variety Shershnevsky
The Shershnevsky variety was included in the State Register in 2016, gooseberries are recommended for cultivation in four regions: the Urals, West and East Siberian, and the Middle Volga.
The bush of the Shershnevsky variety grows sprawling. Shoots forms straight, differently colored: 2/3 of the length of the green shade, the top is purple.
Shershnevsky’s gooseberry has an average studding. The thorns of this variety are elongated, medium in thickness, sharp. Usually there are single ones, but there can be double ones. Thorns are formed perpendicular to the branches; there are no spines in the upper part of the shoot. The color of the spines varies from light beige to brown.
Gooseberry shoots Shershnevsky are covered with foliage of a dark green hue. The size of the leaf plate is medium, without pubescence, the surface is soft to the touch, with small wrinkles, it looks shiny. There is a deep recess at the base of the leaf plate. Along the edges of the foliage, short teeth are formed that do not bend inward. The leaf is divided into 5 lobes with deep cuts, mounted on a slightly pubescent green petiole, which has an average thickness and length.
The buds of gooseberries of the Shershnevsky variety are rounded with a pointed top, small. Formed singly, have a light brown color.
The flowers are medium in size, connected in two-flowered inflorescences. The color of the sepals is pink. Pedicels shortened, green in color, without pubescence.
The berries of the Shershnevsky variety have a rounded shape resembling an oval. There is no pubescence on them. The color of ripe berries is dark pink, a matte coating is visible on top. The skin can be medium or thick. The size of the berries is from medium to large, weight – 3-5 g, the indicator depends on the growing conditions and the number of ovaries.
The yield of gooseberries Shershnevsky in the presence of pollinating varieties is higher. Without cross-pollination, the yield will be very low. They increase the rate of bees, but in cold and rainy weather, insects do not fly, which leads to low fruit set.
Drought resistance, frost resistance
The gooseberry variety Shershnevsky tolerates drought well, does not require frequent watering.
The frost resistance index of the Shershnevsky variety is average, without shelter it tolerates frosts down to -20 ° C. In regions with little snow, the root system may freeze slightly, so preparation for winter is required.
fruiting, productivity
The yield index of the Shershnevsky variety does not exceed 3-3,5 kg from each bush.
Shershnevsky gooseberry belongs to varieties of medium late ripening. The berries ripen in the first half of August, but are able to hold out on the bushes without shedding and loss of taste until September. Berries are not prone to roasting. Due to the dense skin, the berries tolerate transportation well and are stored for a long time in cool conditions.
Gooseberries contain vitamins and nutrients, so they are used in the food industry, as an additive for diseases of the heart and blood vessels, in cosmetology. Gooseberry pulp mask relieves dryness and brightens the skin of the face.
From the gooseberry of this variety, preserves, jams, compotes are prepared. The fruits have a diuretic, choleretic and laxative effect, can be used as a tonic product.
Advantages and disadvantages
The gooseberry variety Shershnevsky has both positive and negative qualities.
The advantages of the variety include:
- dessert taste of fruits;
- good frost resistance;
- possibility of transportation and storage;
- average yield;
- resistance to foliage diseases;
- slight studding.
The disadvantages of gooseberries Shershnevsky include:
- the need for pollinating varieties;
- the possibility of freezing the roots in the absence of snow in winter.
Features of reproduction
If the gooseberry variety fully satisfies the needs of the owners, it becomes necessary to propagate the culture. In order not to buy seedlings in the nursery, you can perform the procedure using one of the following methods:
- seeds;
- division of the roots of the mother plant;
- grafting;
- layering;
- vaccination.
Breeding gooseberries with seeds takes a very long time, and you can get a bush that does not match the characteristics of the parent plant.
When dividing the mother bush, there is always a risk of damage to the roots, so you need to act carefully. This method is used if it is necessary to transplant an adult bush from one area to another, while it can not only be transplanted, but also divided into several copies. A year before transplanting, old shoots are cut off on the plant, this will make it possible for new branches to form. Next year, the bush is dug up, the root is divided into 2-3 parts and immediately planted in new holes. A suitable period for transplantation is spring or autumn; in hot weather, this method is not used.
Lignified gooseberry cuttings root poorly (2-3 pieces out of 10), so this method is considered ineffective. They are harvested in autumn, the length should be about 20 cm, then planted at an angle of 45 ° on a bed or in a container with fertile soil. A distance of 15 cm is maintained between the cuttings. The earth is compacted and mulched with peat, and covered with insulation for the winter.
They are harvested in June and planted in containers with a fertile substrate at a distance of 7-10 cm from each other.
The method of vertical or horizontal layering is considered the most effective when propagating gooseberries. With the horizontal method, the old shoots are bent to the ground, fixed with hairpins and covered with earth. After rooting, the layers are transplanted to a new place.
The vertical layering method consists in filling the bush with moist earth to a height of 10-15 cm. The procedure is carried out in the spring, then the bush is periodically spudded. If everything went well, in the fall, the formed young bushes are separated from the adult plant.
Planting and care
Shershnevsky gooseberry seedlings can be planted in spring or autumn, but the autumn procedure is considered more effective. In the spring, the planting period is limited by swelling of the buds and thawing of the soil, so it can be difficult to do this in a timely manner.
The yield of gooseberries of the Shershnevsky variety depends on the correct choice of the landing site. The better the illumination on the site, the higher the indicator. In the shaded area, the berries are formed small, so the yield is sharply reduced.
It is better to purchase a seedling in specialized nurseries with a closed root system. If the gooseberry is bought with open roots, then they are examined and the dried and damaged roots are removed.
Be sure to observe the interval between seedlings – 1-1,5 m. The planting hole is dug in accordance with the size of the root system. It is possible to plant in a trench with a depth of 0,5 m, this method is suitable for seedlings whose age is 1-2 years.
A nutrient mixture consisting of the following components is introduced into the gooseberry planting pit:
- humus – 1 bucket;
- wood ash – 1 glass;
- double superphosphate – 50 g;
- potassium sulfide – 30 g.
The seedling is placed in a hole with a slight slope. The soil is covered and lightly tamped, then the bush is watered.
Growing rules
Adult gooseberry bushes are watered several times a season. If hot weather has set in, the first watering is carried out in late May – early June, then the soil is moistened during the ripening of berries, and in the autumn period (September-October), water-charging irrigation is carried out. Young seedlings are watered more often (2-3 times a month).
After watering, the earth is loosened and mulched, this procedure helps to retain moisture and prevents the growth of weeds. Peat, compost, freshly cut grass, straw are used as mulch.
Pruning gooseberry variety Shershnevsky is necessary for the correct formation of the bush. In the spring, pruning is carried out before the start of sap flow, but if the moment is missed, it is better to postpone the procedure until autumn. Remove damaged, old branches and weak shoots. After pruning, branches of different ages should remain on the bush.
Shrubs can be grown on a trellis, cutting and tying branches in a timely manner. This method is convenient for harvesting.
After planting, gooseberries are fed three times a season with saltpeter, 50 g of the substance is added to each bush. The first feeding is carried out after the length of the shoots is 5-6 cm, then during flowering and fruiting. The interval between feeding is 2-3 weeks.
For top dressing, you can use mulching with humus, rotted manure or compost.
To protect the bushes from rodents, chemicals are laid out around the site or the gooseberries are covered with spruce branches.
Preparing gooseberries for winter is required in regions with cold or little snow weather. The shrub is well watered, the near-stem circle is mulched, covered with spruce branches from above. Gooseberry branches can be bent to the ground and wrapped with insulating material, sprinkled with snow in winter.
Pests and diseases
The following insects are dangerous for gooseberries of the Shershnevsky variety:
- gall and gooseberry aphids;
- flamethrower;
- sawfly;
- miller.
To combat insects, spraying the crown (Fitoverm, Lipidotsid), digging the trunk circle, shaking off the caterpillars is used.
Gooseberry variety Shershnevsky can suffer from such diseases:
- sphere library (powdery mildew). For the fight, treatment is used with an 8% solution of ammonium nitrate, 1% copper sulphate;
- anthracnose. To eliminate the pathology, pruning and destruction of damaged shoots, treatment with iron sulphate (3%);
- white spotting (septoria). Treatment with copper or iron sulphate is necessary.
Conclusion
Gooseberry Shershnevsky is a variety characterized by a high yield and dessert taste of fruits. Used for breeding in private backyards, can be grown commercially.