Tired of water problems? Thinking of installing a water heater? Do not hurry – first disassemble the geyser device to take correct solution. When the user understands how the device works, he can adequately evaluate its functionality and characteristics.
The design of the geyser
Flow heaters are convenient and profitable in operation. The metal case of this technique is light, compact, heating occurs quickly and in unlimited volume. Consider the external structure of the product on the example of the models “Neva”, “Astra”.
Construction scheme:
- 1 – the outer casing consists of metal;
- 2 – control window. Allows you to check the presence of draft and flame in the burner;
- 3 – protective relay for gas supply;
- 4 – water flow control regulator;
- 5 – LCD display. Shows the installed settings;
- 6 – cold water outlet;
- 7 — a tube for a conclusion of hot liquid;
- 8 – gas pipe. A hose is connected to it, which leads to a gas pipe or cylinder;
- 9 – hole for the chimney;
- 10 – base. Back metal wall. It has two holes for wall mounting (11).
When removing the casing, you can find out what the internal construction of the speaker is:
- 12 – water block (node). Turns gas on and off when water is supplied;
- 13 – stock. There is a lever on it that regulates the force of pressure;
- 14 – a plug in the form of a cylinder for draining water. It is equipped with a safety valve against overpressure;
- 15 – microswitch;
- 16 – electronic control unit. Allows you to change the temperature, set additional modes;
- 17 – gas block ignition;
- 18 – the rod moves away from the gas unit, allowing you to increase or decrease the gas supply;
- 19 – valve of electromagnetic influence;
- 20 – collector. Branch pipes leading to the gas unit go from it;
- 21 – screws securing the manifold;
- 22 – the burner has 10 rows. Gas is supplied through the nozzles to the burner;
- 23 – a candle to create a spark;
- 24 – flame sensor;
- 25 – copper heat exchanger (radiator);
- 26 – the water unit is connected to the radiator;
- 27 – heated liquid outlet pipe;
- 28 – two screws. Attach the radiator to the base;
- 29 – overheating protection sensor;
- 30 – sensor-thermometer. From it comes the wiring to the screen;
- 31 – design that removes combustion products into the chimney;
- 32 — traction sensor;
- 33 – holes for screws;
- 34 – container for installing batteries.
The device of the Oasis water heater differs only in the presence of the Winter-Summer regulator. It allows you to heat water more strongly in winter and lower the temperature in summer.
How the column works
Flow type gas appliances are:
- With open combustion chamber. Natural ventilation is required to create thrust and actuate the igniter. Combustion products are discharged through the chimney;
- Closed camera. A built-in fan is used to create thrust. The carbon monoxide exits through the coaxial passage.
Mechanical adjustment allows you to adjust the flow of gas and water. The electronic control has a display. All settings are saved. In some models, you can not only set the temperature, but also use the “Eco”, “Anti-freeze” modes.
Column ignition methods:
- Manual. Installed in old-style devices. With this type of ignition, you need to open the gas and water supply, and then light the wick in the viewing window. In some models, you need to turn the knob on the panel clockwise. You need to turn off the equipment yourself.
- Piezo ignition. The burner lights up automatically, but to get a spark, you need to press the ignition button at the bottom of the column. The regulator is set to a position that is convenient for use. Heating starts when the mixer is opened.
- Electric ignition. The spark is produced by batteries that fire when the faucet is opened. This type of ignition is convenient and economical.
The principle of operation when supplying water:
- Inclusion. Water passes through the reducer;
- Pressure is built up in the pipeline, due to which the rubber membrane is bent;
- The membrane acts on the plate, due to which the latter pushes out the water rod;
- The stem creates a pressure of about 50 kg on the gas valve;
- Next, the rod acts on the plate. As a result, the batteries generate electricity and redirect it to the control module and burner. A spark strikes;
- Since the gas valve has been opened, fuel enters the burner and ignition occurs;
- As soon as the burner ignites, the flame sensor sends a message to the module to disable the spark plug;
- Turning off the water reduces the pressure, the gas valve closes and the flame goes out.
The ionization sensor controls the operation of the burner. If there is no ignition within 6-7 seconds, the control board cuts off the gas supply. This protection prevents the accumulation of carbon monoxide.
If your model has a temperature sensor, it monitors the degree of water heating. If the limit is exceeded, this electronic board also shuts off the fuel supply.
The draft sensor monitors the normal circulation of the air flow. Otherwise, the operation of the column is interrupted. This happens when the chimney is blocked or the ventilation is poor.
Summarizing, the operation of the device can be described as follows: when the valve is opened to supply water, pressure arises. The diaphragm flexes and opens the fuel valve. Batteries fire, a spark strikes and the burner lights up. The flame heats up the flow of water heat exchanger, after which the liquid out through the mixer. When the tap is closed, the work stops.
Read the previous article to understand why the column does not light up.
Experts recommend following simple rules of operation:
- Install purification filters to improve water quality;
- Try not to mix hot and cold streams in the mixer. This leads to the formation of scale. It is better to set a comfortable temperature on the regulator;
- At least once a year, carry out a preventive inspection.
Understanding how a geyser works and works, you can choose the perfect option for your home, and, if necessary, carry out minor repairs.