Garbage containers: types of tanks, sizes and volume

On the territory of the Russian Federation for the collection of municipal solid waste, garbage containers of different sizes and volumes are used. In addition, they differ in configuration, color and material of manufacture. There are tanks with additional devices for ease of transportation. Each type of garbage container is used according to the norms controlled by the SES.

What are containers

By design, the container is a container of a certain capacity, where municipal solid waste is stored for temporary storage. They prevent the scattering of waste over the territory, carrying it with the wind. Reduces the spread of unpleasant odors through the air. The container restricts access to MSW to animals and partly to birds, insects that are carriers of the infection. The storage process is controlled by a special SES service.

Containers for MSW and MSW

What is the difference between them. The fact is that until 2014, recyclable waste was called municipal solid waste (MSW). According to the new rules of the legislation of the Russian Federation, a new designation has been introduced – MSW. The abbreviation stands for municipal solid waste.

The law finally came into force in 2019. Now, in all official documents, household waste is designated MSW. For ordinary citizens, changing the abbreviation means nothing. Municipal solid waste is still classified as household waste, which is divided into two types:

  • biological;
  • non-biological.

The changes affected only recycling companies. In their documentation, they are required to use the new designation, as well as display the abbreviation in utility bills.

The bins for MSW remained the same as for MSW. Preserved requirements and standards. The changes affected only the abbreviations.

Types of containers

The Government of the Russian Federation has launched reforms that provide for the separate collection of MSW. The range of manufactured containers has expanded significantly. Conventionally, all waste bins are divided into two types according to the type of installation:

  1. Tanks of above-ground type of installation are considered mobile. Small containers are carried by hand, rolled on wheels, if any are provided for by the design. A distinctive feature is the small area of ​​the garbage container, which occupies about 1 m2 places. Bulk heavy garbage bins are stationary. Utilities devastate them with the use of special vehicles.
    For buried waste bins, the main part is located below ground level
  2. The buried type garbage collectors are immersed inside the mine. Only the receiver for MSW protrudes to the surface of the earth. Install containers in crowded places. They prevent the spread of unpleasant odors, look aesthetically pleasing. Garbage is compacted under its own weight, which allows it to be removed less often than from above-ground tanks.

Ground types of garbage containers differ in design. They are:

  • standard in the form of a container without a lid, wheels, handles;
  • with handles for transportation (usually small tanks);
  • with a cover that prevents the spread of unpleasant odors, wetting of waste during rain, restricts the access of animals and birds;
  • with wheels, providing ease of movement of the container around the territory;
  • combined models – with wheels and a cover.

Tanks with an increased volume of the garbage bin, as well as a modified design, are called storage bins. They are taller than conventional bins, but have one lower side. The MSW storage hopper is intended for manual filling with bulky waste.

As part of compliance with the law on the separate collection of MSW, manufacturers produce two types of containers:

  1. Garbage bins for the two-way method of collecting MSW are considered the most common. They are installed near residential buildings. By the color of the tank, people determine what kind of waste they are intended for: gray – for organics, blue – for dry trash (glass, plastic, paper and other types). In the manufacture, metal 1,5-2 mm thick with a galvanized, enameled coating or HDPE plastic is used (low-pressure polyethylene), resistant to temperatures from -80 to +110°C. According to the norms of SNiP, garbage containers for organic matter must be equipped with a lid. The presence of wheels does not fall under the technical requirements, but is in demand for reasons of ease of movement of the tanks. Modern waste bins on the front wall are equipped with a smart RFID tracker. The tag contains information about the container: location, ownership of the service organization, unloading time. The tracker allows you to perform GPS monitoring.
    Trackers are installed to track the loading of garbage on the tanks.

    There is no difference between plastic and steel tanks. They all comply with the requirements of the law on garbage containers: SanPiN 42-128-4690-88 and 2.1.7.3550-19, GOST R 56195-2014, OST 22-1643-85. Service organizations themselves are guided when purchasing a model, taking into account the needs and conditions of the budget. The capacity of small euro waste bins is from 120 to 360 liters, and the volume of a standard waste container is from 770 to 1100 liters.

  2. Garbage bins for the separate method of collecting MSW allow you to store food and non-food waste separately. The first ones are made of solid walls, and the second ones are equipped with a grate on one or more sides. It allows a person to visually see where to throw what kind of garbage. Glass, plastic, metal, paper are separately thrown into containers for a separate collection method.

Tanks are made similarly from metal or plastic. According to SanPiN standards, up to 5 tanks for the separate method of collecting solid waste and 1 container for organic matter are installed on one site.

So far, it is rare to find sites for separate collection of garbage.

Coloring is designed for separate collection of solid waste. On the territory of the Russian Federation there are two schemes.

According to European standards, the color of the tank indicates what type of stored waste it is intended for:

  • green – all types of glass;
  • blue – paper products;
  • Orange – all types of plastic;
  • gray – organic;
  • yellow – scrap metal;
  • red – electronic products.
Tanks for separate waste collection with lids of different colors

The second scheme is simplified, most often used in the regions of the Russian Federation. Gray boxes are used for organics, and orange or blue for non-food waste.

In small settlements, there are garbage bins and containers according to GOST 12917-70, that is, the old model, rusty or painted with red-brown soil, sometimes with green enamel. Waste people often dump all together, organic and inorganic, which violates the requirements of established standards.

container requirements

According to the technical requirements, the manufacturer uses the working drawing of the garbage container in its manufacture. Violation of it is unacceptable. From a large list of requirements, it is worth considering the main points:

  • tanks must comply with the climatic version UHL1 according to GOST 15150-69, have a reinforced upper edge and walls for safe unloading by a loader;
  • according to the requirements for MSW containers, tanks for organic matter must be waterproof to the full height and tanks for non-food waste to 1/3 of the height;
  • damage to the walls is unacceptable, the presence of diagonal distortions of more than 8 mm.

The painting of the container must comply with GOST standards, if there is a lid, then in the closed state a gap of 4 mm between the body is allowed.

Dimensions and volume of containers

Since 01, GOST 01-1986 has been canceled and now OST 12917-70-22 is in force, according to which standard waste bins familiar to everyone are now being produced. But here are the technical specifications of GOST 1643-85:

  • the size of the upper part is 900×900 mm;
  • bottom size – 700×700 mm;
  • total height of the garbage container – 1100 mm;
  • production material – steel 2 mm thick according to GOST 19904-90.
    Waste container according to GOST 12917-70

The characteristics are inherent in an open garbage container, the volume in cubes of which is 0,75 cubic meters.

Garbage bins differing in volume on the street are of the following types:

  1. Portable containers for the private sector are compact. The volume varies from 60 to 300 liters.
    Mobile waste containers
  2. Euro containers are found in large cities. They are presentable. On average, the volume of a waste container for MSW is 1,1-1,3 m3.
  3. The bells are in demand when collected separately. Capacity varies from 2,5 to 5 m3.
  4. Boats are installed near multi-storey buildings. The size of such a garbage container is 8 m3 shown in the figure. The volume of MSW containers sometimes reaches 15 m3.
  5. Even larger dimensions are at the waste bin for a cable or hook grip. The container volume varies from 20 to 40 m3, and put it on construction sites for bulky waste.

The sizes of garbage cans, which are selected depending on their purpose and type of MSW. The most common dimensions: metal models – 1270x850x1170 mm, plastic – 530x530x560 mm.

It is important to note that the sizes of garbage containers may vary from manufacturer to manufacturer. Sometimes they deviate from the standards, adjusting the dimensions of the container to a convenient way to transport the tank, the approximate amount of MSW, and the required footprint.

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