Contents
Bordered Galerina (Galerina marginata, Pholiota marginata) is a dangerous gift of the forest. Inexperienced mushroom pickers often confuse it with summer mushrooms. Moreover, it can grow among these edible mushrooms. When going to the forest, you need to know the external signs of the fungus so as not to harm your health.
Galerina bordered grows in the same places as the summer mushroom, loves stumps and rotten wood
What does a bordered gallery look like?
This representative of the Hymenogaster family has its own external features.
Galerina bordered has a brown or yellowish hat of small size (about 9 cm). When the mushroom is only shown above the ground, this part of the fruiting body looks like a bell, the edge is bent inward. The plates are covered with a veil. High gloss surface.
As it grows, the hat changes shape, becomes flat. The edges are so stretched that they begin to shine through, parallel grooves are visible on them.
The plates are narrow, located very close to each other. In a young bordered gallery, they are light, then a rusty tint appears. The spores are the same color.
On a thin long leg (up to 5 cm) of a dirty brown hue, there is a ring left from a torn bedspread. The upper part of the hollow leg is covered with a coating resembling flour.
The color of the pulp is the same color as the cap or slightly darker. The mushroom gives off a persistent smell of flour.
On the legs of the gallery, unlike summer mushrooms, there is a whitish coating, which is erased from contact
Where the bordered galerina grows
The species grows on almost all continents:
- Asia and Europe;
- North America and Australia;
- Our Country.
In the Federation, the bordered gallery can be found on the Crimean Peninsula, in the forests of the Caucasus, in the Far East, the Urals and Siberia.
Grows on the trunks of dead pines, spruces. If the wood remains are located in wet moss, then mushrooms can settle there. Fruiting begins in August and continues until October.
Is it possible to eat bordered galerina
Despite the attractive appearance, you should not fill the basket with these fruiting bodies, similar to honey mushrooms. Bordered Galerina is a poisonous mushroom that should not be eaten. Cases of poisoning have been described for a long time. The first human death after consuming this species was recorded in 1912 in the United States of America. During the period from 1978 to 1995, out of 11 poisoned five could not be saved.
The chemical composition of the bordered galerina is similar to the pale grebe. It contains the same poison, it acts slowly. In 1 g, there are 78-279 μg of amatoxins. If an adult weighing 70 kg eats 30 medium-sized mushrooms, it will be impossible to save him.
A few mushrooms are enough to cause the death of a child weighing about 20 kg
Symptoms of poisoning
Poisoning by the bordered galerina is not always possible to recognize immediately. Symptoms appear only after 24 hours. This is another danger of eating unfamiliar mushrooms.
A day later, a poisoned person observes:
- severe vomiting that continues for a long time and does not stop even after the stomach is completely empty;
- diarrhea, accompanied by acute pain in the abdomen;
- constant urge for little need, which leads to dehydration;
- convulsions;
- body temperature becomes below the accepted norm, the limbs begin to freeze.
This condition lasts for about three days, then the symptoms disappear, it seems that the condition has improved. Urgently need to sound the alarm and seek help from a doctor.
The fact is that the improvement is false, jaundice will soon begin, caused by impaired liver function. This can lead to death.
Only a timely visit to a doctor will save you from death in case of poisoning with poisonous mushrooms.
First aid for poisoning
It should be borne in mind that the poison of the bordered galerina is not absorbed too quickly. After 6-10 hours, it begins to act, which is why the first symptoms appear. As soon as the victim becomes ill, you need to urgently call an ambulance.
Prior to her arrival, first aid should be provided to the victim. This is very important, since it is precisely such actions that will partially rid the body of toxins and reduce the suffering of the patient.
First aid for poisoning consists of the following actions:
- Give the victim activated charcoal, taking into account the weight of the patient (per 10 kg – 1 pc.).
- A pale pink solution of potassium permanganate is well suited for removing toxins from the bordered galerina. You can do otherwise: dilute in 1 tbsp. warm water 1 tsp. salt and give to drink.
- Do not wait until the vomiting becomes continuous. It is better to call it after taking a manganese or saline solution in order to get rid of poisoned food as quickly as possible.
- To avoid dehydration (it, as a result, appears from vomiting and diarrhea), you need to give a large amount of boiled water.
- Put the big one to bed and cover well, as the body temperature begins to drop. For warming, you will need a plentiful hot drink (freshly brewed tea). You can also additionally cover the patient’s legs with heating pads with water.
Conclusion
Galerina bordered – poisonous, inedible mushroom. Its accidental ingestion can cost lives. When collecting, you need to separate poisonous mushrooms from edible ones, because, once in a saucepan with useful fruiting bodies, they poison the entire contents. So, you need to take only those fruits about which everything is known.
