Furunculosis

General description of the disease

This is a chronic purulent-necrotic pathology, in which boils form in different parts of the skin. Bacteria of white or Staphylococcus aureus stimulate the development of the inflammatory process in the area of ​​the hair follicle, then the inflammation covers the peri-follicular connective tissue ^[5]… At the site of the localization of the abscess, a small seal appears, painful to the touch, which on the skin looks like a pustule with pus. Furunculosis is more susceptible to men and children, most often in autumn or spring.

Furunculosis is not contagious, since almost 80% of people are carriers of staphylococcal bacteria.

The causes of furunculosis

Almost everyone has staphylococcal microorganisms on the skin, however, its development is facilitated by immunodeficiencies, which provoke:

• taking certain medications;
• alcohol abuse;
• avitaminosis;
• untreated chronic pathologies;
• disruption of the nervous system;
• diabetes mellitus and other endocrine problems;
• physical exhaustion;
• dysbiosis, cholecystitis and other disorders in the gastrointestinal tract;
• hypothermia;
• herpes virus, cytomegalovirus and other latent infections;
• failure in the immune system.

The main reason for the presented pathology is microtrauma of the skin (when rubbing with clothes or ingrown hairs), into which staphylococcus penetrate and cause inflammation.

Severity and symptoms of furunculosis

Small abscesses can be localized anywhere on the body. According to the signs, furunculosis resembles folliculitis, but differs from it in that with furunculosis, not only the follicle itself becomes inflamed, but also the connective tissue and sebaceous gland surrounding it. First, a dense infiltrate is formed, and as the inflammation increases, the edema increases, and a twitching pain syndrome appears. If boils affect the face or neck area, then the swelling is more pronounced.

After a while, the boil ripens and opens, a small part of the purulent contents comes out, an ulcer forms in its place, at the bottom of which a greenish necrotic core remains, which is also rejected after 2-3 days. After that, the inflammation and swelling are noticeably reduced. After rejection of the necrotic rod, a deep crater-shaped wound remains in place of the boil, from which the remnants of pus gradually come out, but if the rod has not completely come out, then it develops chronic furunculosis… The chronic form of pathology can last for several years, recurring from time to time.

Furunculosis can settle anywhere on the body, but most often it affects the skin on the thighs, buttocks, neck, forearm, and face. Usually, the appearance of 1 – 2 boils does not affect the general condition of the patient. However, even a single rash in the ear and face can cause signs of intoxication with fever and headache.

Depending on the severity, furunculosis is classified into:

1. 1 mild degree the disease is characterized by single rashes that pass quickly. Furuncles appear no more than 2 times a year, and their appearance is not accompanied by a general deterioration in the patient’s condition;
2. 2 medium degree furunculosis – multiple rashes of boils 4 – 5 times a year, which are accompanied by minor intoxication;
3. 3 severe degree – a lot of rashes, as soon as some heal, so new ones appear immediately, accompanied by pronounced intoxication.

Symptoms that indicate the onset of the development of furunculosis:

• itching and slight tingling of the skin;
• discoloration of the skin in the affected area from pink to purple or blue;
• swelling, pain, a small nodule may appear;
• general weakness and headache;
• chills, fever;
• numbness of the skin area;
• nausea, lack of appetite.

Complication of furunculosis

If the rash of pustules is localized on the face, then there is a high probability of injury during the shaving process. Also, self-squeezing of boils on the face and neck can lead to the development of thrombophlebitis, to the spread of staphylococcal infection throughout the body, to meningitis and meningoencephalitis. If furunculosis affects the internal organs, then sepsis develops.

Untreated illness can cause an immunodeficiency state. With inadequate therapy, furunculosis of the hands and feet can cause lymphadenitis. Rash of boils in the area of ​​the joints causes a restriction of his mobility. Boils in the perineal region are less responsive to treatment and may cause discomfort when walking. When boils appear on the neck, its mobility may be limited.

Prevention of furunculosis

For preventive purposes, you should:

1. 1 adhere to the rules of hygiene: use only your own towels, treat wounds if the skin is damaged, take a shower every day;
2. 2 take multivitamin complexes in the autumn-spring period;
3. 3 avoid significant overheating and hypothermia;
4. 4 monitor weight;
5. 5 observe the principles of proper nutrition;
6. 6 treat infectious pathologies on time;
7. 7 undergo annual preventive examinations with a doctor;
8. 8 monitor blood glucose levels;
9. 9 do sport.

Treatment of furunculosis in official medicine

If you suspect furunculosis, you should contact a dermatologist. Self-extrusion of purulent masses leads to premature opening of the boil, in this case the lower part of the rod remains deep inside and the inflammation continues to progress.

During the treatment of furunculosis, doctors recommend abandoning water procedures, however, with a severe stage of pathology, baths with potassium permanganate are shown. Patients should frequently change bedding and underwear.

At the stage of maturation of the boil, it is better to treat the skin with a conventional antiseptic, with severe pain syndrome, injections with an antibiotic are shown, which are used to inject the inflamed area. Thus, they relieve pain and prevent the spread of the inflammatory process to healthy nearby tissues. To avoid complications, you can do several electrophoresis procedures with antimicrobial agents ^[3].

If the inflammatory process does not go away after 3-4 days, the pus does not come out on its own, then the boil is opened, purulent masses are removed, this operation is performed under local anesthesia ^[4].

In the chronic course of the disease, the dermatologist prescribes a course of antibiotics. To strengthen the immune system, vitamin therapy, fortifying agents and ozone therapy are indicated. Physiotherapy procedures such as UHF and ultraviolet irradiation are recommended at all stages of the disease.

Attention!

The administration is not responsible for any attempt to use the information provided, and does not guarantee that it will not harm you personally. The materials cannot be used to prescribe treatment and make a diagnosis. Always consult your specialist doctor!