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Every agronomist who grows cereals and sugar beets knows that fungal diseases significantly reduce the volume and quality of the crop. Therefore, they use special pesticides to protect plants from pathogenic microorganisms.
One of the least known, but effective fungicides is Ferazim, which is used both for preventive treatment and during infection. Let’s get acquainted with its description, advantages, features of the preparation of the solution and instructions for use.
Features of the drug
Ferazim – highly effective systemic fungicide that has protective and healing properties. The drug can replace several other drugs of similar action, which makes it profitable and economical.
Purpose and form of release
Fungicide used for the processing of sugar beets, rye, barley and wheat, as well as for the disinfection of grains. The drug Ferazim inhibits the development of many diseases:
- powdery mildew;
- snow mold;
- cercosporosis (dark brown spotting);
- pyrenophorosis (yellow spotting);
- Fusarium ear;
- rhynchosporia (bordered spotting)
- septoria of ears and foliage;
- hard and stem smut;
- various rots (radical, fusarium, root).
Fungicide release as a concentrated white suspension. It is only available on the market in a 10 liter plastic canister.
Mechanism of action
The active substance of the drug Ferazim – carbendazim, the concentration of which is 50% or 500 g of the substance per 1 liter of suspension. 3-6 hours after treatment, the fungicide penetrates the leaves and roots and spread throughout the plant tissue. Due to systemic action, the fungicide protects even those parts of the plant that it did not get when spraying.
The active ingredient of the drug Ferazim slows down the process of cell division of pathogenic microorganisms, prevents the growth of the fungus and blocks sporulation. A protective film forms on the surface of the plant, which provides protection against re-infection of the culture for a long period.
Advantages
Fungicide Ferazim combines a number of positive aspects:
- can be used both for spraying plants and for disinfecting seeds;
- long-term protective effect;
- fast action, after 3 hours, the active ingredient of the fungicide has already penetrated into the plant tissue;
- the drug spreads throughout the plant and destroys pathogenic microorganisms in all its parts;
- resistant to watering and precipitation;
- does not accumulate in treated plants;
- is effective even after infection;
- prevents crop lodging and contributes to their growth;
- does not lose its properties at low temperatures;
- does not cause resistance parasitic fungi to the effects of the active ingredient.
The fungicide Ferazim is a promising drug with many advantages, which is gaining popularity among agronomists.
Disadvantages
Plant growers have identified several shortcomings with Ferazim. It has a high flow rate and is designed to process large areas. The concentrate is bottled only in 10-liter canisters, which is inconvenient for private and small agricultural enterprises.
Despite the fact that the drug is effective against many fungal diseases, it is not suitable for all crops. The product can only be used for wheat, barley, rye and sugar beets.
Features of the preparation of the solution
Spraying plants with the fungicide Ferazim is carried out at the onset of the first symptoms of infection every 2-3 weeks. Depending on the type of cultivated crop carry out from 1 to 3 sprays for the entire growing season. Disinfection of grains is carried out a couple of days or a year before sowing. The dosage of the concentrate is selected separately for each culture, depending on the method of processing.
The diluted Ferazim concentrate is not subject to long-term storage, therefore it is recommended to prepare a working solution on the day of spraying. First follows mix the mother liquor. To do this, the right amount of fungicide is added to a bucket of water and mixed thoroughly. The sprayer tank is filled with the remaining clean water, the agitator is turned on and the mother liquor is gradually poured. In order for the suspension to dissolve well, the working fluid must be constantly stirred, even when spraying.
Wheat, barley and rye
Ferazim effectively protects grain crops from root and root rot, powdery mildew, helminthosporiasis, snow mold, various smut and prevents lodging of plants. Diseases can affect both the root system and the aerial part of the crop, including spikelets. They cause great damage to agricultural production, reducing yields and depleting plants.
Spraying with a fungicide should be carried out when there is a possibility of infection or at the first signs of infection. Plants are usually treated in spring, but to protect winter crops, spraying can be done in autumn. According to the instructions for use, the working solution is prepared from the calculation 10-20 ml Ferazim concentrate per 10 liters of water. Per hectare of plantings, 300 liters of solution (300-600 ml of suspension) will be needed. Necessary carry out 1-2 treatments with an interval of 8-14 days depending on the degree of infection.
To pickle the grains, the solution is kneaded at the rate of 1-1,5 liters of concentrate per 10 liters of pure water. 10 liters of working fluid are consumed per ton of seeds.
Sugar beet
Sugar beet can become infected powdery mildew and cercosporosis. The signs and consequences of these diseases are similar: the aerial part of the plant is affected, and spots and plaque appear on the leaves. The tops begin to die off, and a large amount of nutrients is spent on the formation of new foliage. As a result, the mass and sugar content of root crops are reduced (up to 40-45% in case of severe damage).
To prevent powdery mildew and cercosporosis on beets, a solution of the fungicide Ferazim is used. For its preparation 10-20 ml of concentrate should be diluted in 27 liters of water. Per hectare of land, 300 liters of working fluid (or 600 – 800 ml of suspension) will be required. For more efficiency it is necessary to carry out 3 treatments with an interval of 8-15 days.
Indoor Flowers
The fungicide Ferazim is also used to control with fungal diseases of indoor and decorative flowers. For them, a solution with a lower concentration is prepared: in 1 liter of water is diluted with 0,3-0,5 ml of suspension (You can measure the substance with a disposable syringe). The protective effect of the fungicide lasts From 10 to 12 days. For the treatment of flowers, one spraying with Ferazim’s solution is enough. If necessary, repeat the treatment, but in total there should be no more than two procedures per season.
Compatibility with other drugs
Ferazim can be used in tank mix with many pesticides that are used at the same time. Fungicide not compatible with drugs that have an alkaline reaction.
In any case, before mixing the mixture, each agent must be checked for compatibility with Ferazim. To do this, mix a small amount of drugs and observe the reaction. If a precipitate has fallen out, agrochemicals cannot be used simultaneously.
Analogues
If the Ferazim fungicide was not on sale, it can be replaced with analogues:
- highly effective drug Fundazol;
- systemic fungicide Derozal, which has a wide spectrum of action;
- contact and systemic fungicide Vitaros;
- Topsin-M, which is able to simultaneously control several diseases;
- microbiological preparation of a new generation – Fitosporin.
All of these remedies contain an active ingredient called Carbendazim. The drugs have similar properties and a wide spectrum of action.
Safety regulations
Ferazim is toxic to humans, it is to the second class of danger. Therefore, work with the drug should be done with extreme caution. To work with fungicide Allergy sufferers, pregnant and lactating women are not allowed. It is not advisable to carry out treatments within a radius of 50 meters from reservoirs and sources of drinking water. The security zone of apiaries is 3000 meters.
When working with Ferazim agrochemical, the following safety measures must be observed:
- Availability required rubber gloves and a respirator mask with gas mask cartridges. The substance can easily enter the human body through the respiratory tract.
- Work to carry out on open air or in a well ventilated area.
- In case of contact with the fungicide on the skin, wipe the affected area with a cotton pad dipped in a soda solution. Then wash the skin under running water.
- If the drug accidentally enters the digestive tract, drink a couple of glasses of clean water. Induce vomiting to empty the stomach. Take activated charcoal according to the instructions and consult a toxicologist.
- After work change clothes, wash face and hands with soapy water.
Fungicide is fed at a temperature of 0 to +30 degrees.
Conclusion
A large number of different fungicides can scare a novice agronomist. But there is nothing wrong with them. The harm from a progressive disease will be much greater than from the use of an agrochemical. Subject to the instructions, terms and norms for applying the Ferazim fungicide, at the end of the season, you can harvest a rich and high-quality crop.
