Contents
With the appearance of purulent inflammation in the oral cavity, you need to urgently receive qualified medical care in a dental clinic. When prescribing treatment, the doctor will most likely recommend taking antibacterial drugs.
Do you need antibiotics for flux?
The development of the flux is based on infection of the gum tissues with staphylococci or streptococci. It is antibiotics that penetrate into all tissues of the human body – the drugs of choice in the treatment of this disease. They are selected taking into account the sensitivity of the pathogen to a particular pharmacological group.
Antibiotics are prescribed as a result of flux therapy, and are also used after surgical tooth extraction. In some cases, their use at the beginning of the pathological process will help prevent the onset of purulent periostitis. After opening the abscess, the use of this group of drugs will avoid relapses, quickly stops the inflammatory process.
Factors for the effectiveness of antibiotics:
The accuracy of the selection of drugs;
Dosage;
Age and weight of the patient;
The duration of the course of the disease;
drug intolerance;
The presence or absence of somatic pathologies;
The immune status of the patient.
To accurately select an antibacterial agent, the dentist examines the tooth, is interested in the symptoms and history of the disease. If necessary, a test is carried out to study the sensitivity of the pathogen to antibiotics. Properly selected drug will avoid recurrence of purulent periostitis, will make it possible to cure the disease.
List of antibiotics used in flux
Below is a brief description of the antibacterial agents used to treat purulent periodontitis.
Ampiox
Antibiotic from the group of penicillins, contains ampicillin and oxacillin. Effective against most pathogenic microorganisms. Resistant to gastric acid, has a bactericidal effect.
Pros – combines the properties of both active ingredients, is effective for infections of mild and moderate severity, can be used during pregnancy, in the treatment of children;
Cons – the doses of the main active ingredients are small, which makes ampioks ineffective, nausea and vomiting, loose stools, and allergic reactions may occur during treatment.
The price of Ampiox is 65-80 rubles.
Lincomycin
An antimicrobial agent from the group of lincosamides, has a bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect. Effective against anaerobic and gram-positive microbes. It is widely used in dental practice for the treatment of purulent pathologies.
Pros – the drug acts quickly, it effectively reduces the severity of symptoms, helps to quickly get rid of pain and inflammation.
Cons – not used during pregnancy, liver and kidney failure, for the treatment of children under 6 years old, can cause hematopoietic disorders.
The price of 10 ampoules of Lincomycin is 40 rubles, 20 tablets cost 60-90 rubles.
Amoxiclav
The drug contains amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, has a broad antimicrobial effect. Amoxiclav is rapidly absorbed and distributed in the tissues of the human body.
Pros – used in the treatment of children, effective in the treatment of pathologies of the oral cavity, quickly brings relief;
Cons – it penetrates through the placental barrier, into breast milk, while taking the drug Amoxiclav, there may be disturbances in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, the hematopoietic system, and allergic reactions.
The average price of 15 tablets of 250 mg is 230-250 rubles, 500 mg – 370-420 rubles.
Doxycycline
The drug from the group of tetracyclines, has a wide spectrum of action, has a bacteriostatic effect on microorganisms.
Pluses – less than other tetracyclines inhibits the intestinal microflora, is completely absorbed, has a long duration of action, high therapeutic activity.
Cons – do not use during pregnancy and lactation, for the treatment of children under 8 years old, doxycycline has a large number of side effects.
The average price of 10 tablets of Doxycycline is 20 rubles.
Tsifran
The drug, which contains ciprofloxacin, prevents the growth of bacteria, has an antimicrobial effect.
Pros – it exhibits a long-term effect, bacteria resistance to it forms very slowly, is well tolerated by patients, and is highly effective in the treatment of dental pathologies;
Cons – when treating with Tsifran, you need to avoid ultraviolet rays, the drug has a large list of contraindications.
The average price of 1000 mg tablets is 300 rubles, 500 mg – 180 rubles.
Amoxicillin
The drug from the group of semi-synthetic penicillins, the main active ingredient is amoxicillin, provides a bactericidal effect. Active against gram-positive and anaerobic gram-negative bacteria.
Pros – quickly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, without disturbing the acidic environment of the stomach, taking the drug does not depend on food intake, is used to treat pregnant women and children from 5 years old, with an overdose, toxicity is slightly pronounced;
Cons – has many side effects, reduces the activity of oral contraceptives.
The average price of Amoxicillin is 35-40 rubles for 10 tablets.
Ciprofloxacin
The first generation drug from the group of fluoroquinolones is effective against microorganisms resistant to other antibiotics. Bacterial resistance to ciprofloxacin develops slowly.
Pros – perfectly penetrates into the cells of the tissues of the human body, is well tolerated;
Cons – contraindicated for the treatment of pregnant and lactating women, children under 12 years old, has a large number of side effects.
The average price of 10 tablets of 500 mg is 33 rubles, 250 mg – 19 rubles.
Trichopol
The drug containing Metronidazole is used in the complex treatment of a large number of inflammatory diseases.
Pros – low price, high antibacterial effect;
Cons – it is not used to treat pregnant and lactating women, when interacting with alcohol it causes extremely unpleasant symptoms, has a bitter taste, and a negative effect on the liver.
The average price of 20 tablets of Trichopolum is 85 rubles.
Flemoxin solutab
A drug based on amoxicillin, a drug of the penicillin group, has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity. It has bactericidal properties, is prescribed for the treatment of a wide range of diseases.
Pros – well absorbed, resistant to gastric acid, used to treat children and well tolerated by them, well combined with other drugs, effective and safe;
Cons – can lead to a decrease in the activity of oral contraceptives, can cause vomiting, diarrhea.
The average price of 1000 mg tablets is 520 rubles, 500 mg – 390 rubles, 250 mg – 290 rubles.
Cyprolet
The drug with a combined antimicrobial and antiprotozoal action, created on the basis of tinidazole and ciprofloxacin. It has bactericidal activity against a wide range of microorganisms, penetrates well into the tissues of the human body.
pluses – effective and safe, side effects are manifested to a small extent;
not used for the treatment of pregnant and lactating women, children under 18 years of age.
The average price of 10 tablets is 200 rubles.
Biseptol
A drug with a combined antimicrobial effect, created on the basis of Co-Trimoxazole and sulfamethaxazole. It is actively absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, blocks the reproduction and growth of bacteria.
Pros – has an excellent antibacterial effect, can be used to treat children from 2 years old, has a low cost;
Cons – has side effects in the form of dizziness, headache, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, dyspepsia, anemia.
The average price of 20 tablets of 120 mg is 35 rubles, 28 tablets of 480 mg are 100 rubles.
Levomycetin
The drug from the group of amphenicols with antibacterial action, its main active ingredient is chloramphenicol. Levomycetin treats infections of any tissues of the human body, is effectively delivered to the lesion.
Pros – it has a low cost, shows a quick effect, a high level of therapeutic effect, can be used to treat children, is available in various dosage forms;
Cons – it is not used to treat pregnant and lactating women, when combined with alcohol, it can cause nausea, vomiting, convulsions, tachycardia.
The average cost of tablets of 500 mg is 21-25 rubles, an alcohol solution is 20 rubles.
Ointments with antibacterial action
Medicines with antibacterial action in the form of an ointment are effective and accessible to all categories of patients, they are convenient to use. It is enough to apply the ointment on the opened abscess or on the gum in the initial stage of periodontitis development.
List of the most effective ointments:
Levomexol – the components of the ointment stop the growth of bacteria, restore damaged gums, and promote healing. Method of application – apply a little ointment to a cotton or gauze swab and apply it to the abscess or simply inject it into the wound.
Vishnevsky ointment – relieves swelling, pain, is not used for a mature abscess. The composition of the ointment contains castor oil, xeroform, birch tar. These components increase blood flow, have an antibacterial effect. Method of application – apply the ointment on a sterile gauze napkin, apply to the cheek or gum.
Metrogyl The day – a gel containing chlorhexidine and metronidazole. With abundant application to the mucous membrane at least 3 times a day, the gel relieves pain and inflammation, and is used to prevent purulent inflammation.
8 rules for the use of antibiotics
There is a certain algorithm for the use of antibacterial agents. All its components are very important and cannot be changed. Otherwise, the effectiveness of antibiotics is markedly reduced, they can be harmful.
Eight basic rules of treatment with antibacterial agents:
Rule 1 – you need to strictly observe the time of admission, maintaining equal intervals between the use of drugs. Following this rule will help maintain the desired concentration of the active agent in the blood. With a 3-fold intake, the interval is 8 hours, with a 2-fold intake – 12 hours. Drink tablets or inject injections should be strictly at the same time.
Rule 2 – the duration of the medication is determined by the doctor. It cannot be less than 5-7 days, less often equal to 10-14 days.
Rule 3 – self-adjustment of the dose is prohibited. Reducing or increasing the dose of the drug leads to a decrease in its effectiveness, the emergence of resistance of pathogenic microbes to the antibiotic. Increasing the dosage threatens with side effects.
Rule 4 – Do not take a break from treatment without consulting a doctor.. Having started taking antibiotics, the patient should not interrupt it on his own. Feeling better is not a reason to stop treatment. It is advisable to extend the intake of drugs for 2-3 days after a steady improvement in health status. If after 3 days after the start of taking the medicine the patient does not feel better, the drug should be replaced, since the antibiotic is not suitable.
Rule 5 – you should take into account the peculiarities of taking antibiotics. It is very important what they drink and when they take the drug: before meals, after meals, or during it. It is best to take the tablets with non-carbonated water, unless otherwise indicated by the manufacturer of the medicine. Fruit and vegetable juices, tea, coffee, fermented milk drinks are not suitable for these purposes.
Rule 6 – when treating with antibiotics, you should follow a diet. Since the main active ingredients of the drugs of this pharmacological group inhibit the work of the gastrointestinal tract, it is important to ease the load on the body. Alcohol, fatty, fried, canned foods, sour fruits are excluded from the diet. It is important to drink more clean water, eat vegetables and sweet fruits.
Rule 7 – after treatment, you need to restore the intestinal microflora. The antibacterial course reduces the concentration of beneficial representatives of the intestinal microflora. The patient feels heartburn, bloating, pain in the intestines and stomach, he alternates constipation and diarrhea. To restore the microflora, they often include fermented milk products in the menu, take Laktofiltrum, Bifiform, Linex, Simbiter and other probiotics.
Rule 8 – indications and contraindications for the use of drugs in this group should be taken into account. Be sure to take into account the presence of concomitant diseases, possible side effects, the age of the patient, interaction with other drugs. Without medical advice, it is forbidden to treat children, pregnant and lactating women, patients who have recently had a serious illness with antibiotics.
Side effects from the use of antibiotics
Different groups of antibacterial agents differ significantly from each other. They often come with unexpected side effects. For example, drugs from the penicillin group are low-toxic drugs, but in some patients they still cause allergic reactions.
Frequent side effects:
Allergic dermatitis (skin rash, itching, urticaria);
Candidiasis of the oral and vaginal mucosa;
Anemia;
Renal and liver failure;
Hematological reactions (anemia, decreased blood clotting);
Local reactions (phlebitis with intravenous injection, dermatitis, induration with intramuscular injection).
The use of antibiotics in the treatment of periodontitis is often justified, as they avoid serious complications. Subject to the rules of treatment with drugs of this group, a lasting effect can be achieved.
Author of the article: Muravitsky Boris Viktorovich, dentist, specially for the site ayzdorov.ru