Fingerprint lines – loop, swirl and arc. Check which type you have

Fingerprints are a unique pattern of skin furrows in almost all species of primates. You can notice them on the pads of the fingers and toes, as well as on the inside of the hand and on the lips. Hardly anyone wonders what type of fingerprint he has.

1. Fingerprints identify a specific person. These are biometric data specific to each individual
2. There are people who don’t have them
3. There are three types of fingerprints: loop, swirl and arc
4. More interesting information can be found on the TvoiLokony home page

Fingerprints – what is that?

Fingerprint-based biometric identification is a breakthrough technology that allows you to recognize people based on a variety of unique biometric data. One of the techniques of biometric identification is fingerprint recognition.

Many institutions around the world use fingerprint recognition for security purposes. However, fingerprints are of the greatest interest to law enforcement because of their uniqueness and immutability.

Human fingerprints are formed between days 100 and 120 of pregnancy as a result of accidental shrinkage of the skin of the fingertips. The science of analysis fingerprint fingers is dactyloscopy. Its creator is Charles Darwin’s cousin – Francis Galton.

You can get rid of fingerprints through deep dermabrasion – a dermatological treatment. There are also people without fingerprints. In two very rare genetic skin conditions, the keratin 14 protein is damaged, resulting in a lack of fingerprints.

The rest of the text is below the video.

Fingerprint types

There are three main patterns fingerprint: loop, swirl and arc. Within these groups, specific subgroups are distinguished, such as: left and right loop pattern, two-loop swirl pattern, arc pattern, as well as atypical patterns. In the case of the Polish dactyloscopic classification system, four main types of patterns are indicated: loop, swirl, arch and tent.

The types of fingerprints are presented in the graphic below (from the left: loop, swirl, arc):

Arched fingerprints (arch)

This is the rarest type of fingerprint. Only about 5 percent. the world’s population follows this pattern. What makes it unique is the lack of cores, lines or deltas. Within this pattern, two subcategories can be distinguished:

Regular bow – the pattern is characterized by convex ridges and extends continuously from one side of the finger to the other. This pattern is only 5 percent. of the entire population, making it the rarest type.

Tent Arch – just like a regular arch, a tented arch also has raised ridges flowing in the same way. The clear difference is the slope of the raised ridge. The tent arch has a sharper edge compared to the regular arch which creates a shape similar to a tent.

Loop fingerprints

This is the most popular fingerprint pattern. From 60 to 70 percent. the entire population has this pattern. There must be at least one core and delta in the loop pattern.

Loop fingerprints are of three types:

Elbow – in this pattern, the backs twist backwards but do not make a full turn. The elbow loop can be seen as the loops move towards the little finger.

radial – This pattern is similar to the elbow loop, but the difference is that the coils point towards the thumb instead of the little finger.

Central – spines in this pattern loop to surround a central whorl.

Swirl fingerprint (whirl)

This pattern is about 25 to 35 percent. the entire population. Unlike the arc pattern, whorls have a core and two deltas. There are two sub-categories:

Plain – creates a circular pattern that resembles a whirlpool or spiral.

Central – the center ridges in this pattern curve more than once to form a smaller inner whorl.

What else is worth knowing about fingerprints?

The frequency of each pattern varies by finger, hand, and gender.

Swirl patterns are most common in the yellow race (approx. 50–60%), and the least common in the black race (20%). The white race is dominated by loops.

There is currently no known case where two people would have an identical fingerprint pattern.