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To understand what exhaust ventilation is and why it is needed, let’s approach the issue from afar. Let’s remember the breathing exercises of yogis. They argue that it is not enough just to breathe deeply, it is necessary to connect abdominal breathing. In this case, the body will be better saturated with oxygen, since the air will penetrate into the most remote corners of the lungs, ventilate them and prevent stagnation.
An apartment is also a living organism. Not only because, in addition to the hosts, many unicellular and insects live there, but also because it is a biocenosis that needs full respiration. And such breathing is impossible without an influx of fresh air.
Natural ventilation allows you to partially solve this problem, you just need to open the windows and the balcony door in the apartment. If you also open the front door, the draft will help freshen the air. But not always. There may be bad weather outside; in megacities, the atmosphere is polluted by exhaust gases and industrial emissions; in the corridor there are smells distributed from other apartments – if the neighbors have run out of milk or potatoes and onions are fried, then the ventilation comes to an end.
All this indicates that exhaust ventilation is indispensable.
What is exhaust ventilation
Exhaust ventilation is a technical device designed to quickly and efficiently remove polluted or heated air from a room. It is widely used in residential premises and is most often installed in the kitchen, in bathrooms and bathrooms, in fireplace rooms.
Ventilation allows for a regular supply of air. Due to the purity and speed of air mass exchange, constant humidity and air temperature, comfortable conditions for life and work are provided.
When installing exhaust ventilation, the following parameters must be taken into account:
Modern exhaust ventilation is a fairly complex mechanical system, consisting of the following elements:
Thanks to this mechanism, effective ventilation is created that does not depend on the season and external factors. The performance of this system in comparison with natural ventilation increases tenfold.
How exhaust ventilation works
Exhaust ventilation, unlike natural ventilation, is forced. The following stages can be distinguished in its work.
The first stage. The fan takes in fresh air from the outside. The air blowing power depends on the size of the dwelling.
The second stage. Purification and heating of air in the process of its passage through the filter and heater. Primary processing of natural air takes place in accordance with the regulations.
The third stage. Air is supplied to the room through a duct system. Thus, the process of air circulation in the house or apartment takes place.
The fourth stage. The implementation of the outflow of air into the external environment under the influence of an exhaust fan.
Thanks to this mode of operation, a clean atmosphere with optimal temperature conditions is maintained in the room. Depending on the size of the apartment or house, an exhaust ventilation system can be more or less energy-intensive and expensive. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an individual project in accordance with specific tasks.
It is also possible to combine exhaust ventilation with air conditioning. As a result, a favorable microclimate is created, which is automatically maintained for a long time.
Which exhaust ventilation to choose
There are the following types of exhaust ventilation:
The choice of exhaust ventilation depends on a number of factors. To install the most suitable option in a house or apartment, you need to pay attention to the following characteristics of the exhaust system:
Consider the features of exhaust ventilation.
In the apartment, the exhaust vents are located in the kitchen and bathroom, where the concentration of humidity and odors is highest. Therefore, it is there that wall fans are installed (they are mounted instead of a ventilation grill) and kitchen hoods that remove all odors and moisture directly from the stove.
Installation of the fan is quite simple, and the positive effect of its operation is significant. When choosing a fan, it is necessary to pay attention to the following circumstances:
Distinctive features of exhaust fans
The variety of exhaust fans is amazing. To navigate this variety and choose the right device, you need to consider the features of domestic fans:
Choosing a fan for the bathroom and bathroom
In the bathroom, there is almost always an excess of moisture, which must be taken into account when choosing a fan. First of all, the air in the bathroom is denser, and this requires an increased power of the exhaust device. You also need a humidity sensor, good insulation and water splash protection. A turn-off delay timer will also be useful, which will allow the fan to run up to 20 minutes after visiting the bathroom. There are timers that turn on the fan if the air humidity level reaches a certain level.
For the bathroom, you can choose simpler fans, since the main problem here is to remove germs and unpleasant odors. A fan that is too powerful is not needed, as it will overcool a small room. An exhaust device is suitable, which turns on when the light is turned on. A good solution is to use a fan with a delay timer, which allows you to remove unpleasant odors in the toilet for 20-25 minutes and turn off automatically.
Which fan to choose for the kitchen
In addition to the extractor hood, which eliminates the smell of food and steam directly in the stove area, fans are also used to prevent the kitchen atmosphere from spreading throughout the apartment. Even with a powerful hood, the remnants of steam, hot air and food aromas accumulate under the kitchen ceiling. An exhaust fan in such a situation is very in demand.
When choosing a fan for the kitchen, in addition to the normative air exchange rates depending on the size of the room, one should take into account the need to remove excess heat from all appliances operating in the kitchen. It is also necessary to take into account the number of residents who can simultaneously be in the room.
The exhaust air has the ability not to be vented immediately, but to move throughout the apartment, returning to the kitchen when the fan is off. Therefore, a fan with a non-return valve should be used. A special built-in damper prevents draft from the opposite side. Thus, the air is able to move only in one direction – out of the room.
Exhaust fans installed in the kitchen should be equipped with a good filter. In the process of cooking, particles of fat, ether, oil accumulate in the air, which gradually settle on all surfaces. During the operation of the fan, fat, together with polluted air, is drawn into the unit, but does not penetrate into the shaft itself, but remains in the fan. Ultimately, this leads to its breakdown. If there is a dense filter, oily substances settle on it, protecting both the fan and the outlet paths from clogging. About once every six months, the filter must be washed and reinstalled.
Popular questions and answers
Of course you can. Ventilation consists of a large number of parts and in order for everything to work correctly in the end, you need to calculate the required air flow for selecting a fan, design the detailing of the components (air ducts, fittings, adapters, etc.), acquire elementary tools and you can start work.
Roman Gavrilov, head of procurement for the DIY category of the Tvoy Dom online store:
You can cope with the simple task of installing ventilation on your own, but it is worth considering a dozen nuances. When installing complex equipment or in cases where there are risks, you cannot do without a specialist. Ventilation can be natural (through ventilation) and forced (installation of various types of hoods). For a high-quality ventilation system with high technical characteristics, even at the stage of creating a design project, it is important to remember about the correct wiring and installation of the air duct, the placement and installation of equipment (fans, grilles, heaters, filters, silencers, breathers, air purifiers, etc.) . Everyone strives to create an ergonomic space, clean, refresh and create a comfortable temperature in the main areas (in the bathroom, in the kitchen, and other residential areas). For example, the installation of units should take place in technical rooms (hall, dressing room, pantry, bathroom) to minimize noise in residential areas.
The main feature of the hood in the kitchen is that it is individual for this type of room, so that there is no air mixing and odors do not spread to other rooms. Usually the hood in the kitchen is tied to an exhaust hood above the hob, such devices have a built-in fan, there are different versions and designs, and they are also easy to operate and quite effective.
As with the kitchen, the main feature is individual use, so that there is no mixing of air and the spread of odors. Household overhead fans are used as air overpressure, they are easy to operate, have a low noise level and are efficient in their work.
In summary: for these types of premises, it is important to observe the principle of the individuality of the ventilation duct, since the issue of the spread of odors is acute.