Effective antibiotics for bronchitis for adults

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial mucosa. It can be both acute and chronic. Bronchitis is usually caused by a virus, but diseases caused by bacteria are becoming more common. Bacterial bronchitis must be treated with antibiotics.

Important! The selection of therapy should be carried out only by a doctor, taking into account the symptoms, anamnesis, laboratory and instrumental data.

In this article, we will analyze the most effective and inexpensive antibiotics for bronchitis for adults, which are approved by clinical guidelines and are constantly used by practitioners.

List of top 10 best and inexpensive antibiotics for bronchitis according to KP

1. Amoxicillin

The active substance is amoxicillin.

The drug belongs to the penicillin group and is the first-line therapy for bacterial infections of the respiratory tract. Due to the broad spectrum of action, this antibiotic is active against most microorganisms. For effective treatment, it is necessary to observe the dosage and terms of treatment, which are selected by the doctor individually.

Indications:

• infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract (acute and chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, sinusitis, otitis media);
• infectious diseases of the genitourinary organs, gastrointestinal tract, skin.

Penicillins are quite often the cause of an allergic reaction, therefore, in case of hypersensitivity, taking the drug is strictly contraindicated. During pregnancy and lactation, use should be agreed with the attending physician. Amoxicillin is also taken with caution in case of serious diseases of the liver, kidneys, infectious mononucleosis.

2. Flemoxin Solutab

The active substance is amoxicillin.

Flemoxin Solutab and amoxicillin contain the same active ingredient. However, there are additional properties that allow you to move it to a separate item:

• an acid-resistant form that does not decompose when exposed to hydrochloric acid and reaches the intestines, where 90% is absorbed into the blood;
• Solutab is a form of a dispersible tablet, that is, it can be dissolved in water and drunk, while the effectiveness of the drug does not decrease;
• pleasant taste and lack of bitterness; additionally, the tablets contain sugar (important for patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus);
• Flemoxin Solutab is a generic, but the manufacturers have eliminated the unpleasant side effects compared to the original drug.

3. Amoxiclav

The active substance is amoxicillin + clavulanic acid.

The drug belongs to the group of penicillins in combinations. The other ingredient is clavulanic acid. Besides the fact that it has its own antibacterial activity, it enhances the action of amoxicillin. This allows the drug “Amoxiclav” to get a wider antimicrobial spectrum.

Indications:

• infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract;
• diseases of the urinary system, gastrointestinal tract, connective tissue;
• infectious diseases in gynecology.

The drug is contraindicated in case of allergy to penicillins, cephalosporins. During pregnancy and lactation, use is permitted, but only after assessing the possible risks to both the fetus and the mother. It is used with caution in diseases of the liver, kidneys, peptic ulcers of the gastrointestinal tract.

4. Flemoklav Solutab

The active substance is amoxicillin + clavulanic acid.

The drug is an analogue of amoxiclav, but there are additional properties that allow Flemoclav Solutab to be independent in the top 10.

Differences from Amoxiclav:

• acid-resistant form;
• higher bioavailability;
• fewer side effects;
• more convenient application (both in tablet form and in the form of a solution);
• sweet taste of tablets and lack of bitterness;
• fewer addictions;
• higher cost.

5. Pancef

The active substance is cefixime.

The drug belongs to the third generation cephalosporins. It is also the drug of choice. A wide antibacterial spectrum allows you to destroy most of the microorganisms that cause inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

Indications:

• infectious diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract (otitis media, bronchitis, pneumonia, pharyngitis, sinusitis);
• urinary tract infections.

The drug is contraindicated in case of allergy to penicillins, cephalosporins. In pregnancy, the appointment is possible when assessing the risks to the fetus and mother. During lactation, the use of Pancef is contraindicated. It is used with caution in renal failure, serious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, old age.

6. Suprax Solutab

The active substance is cefixime.

The drug is an analogue of Pancef, but there are significant differences:

• acid-resistant form, which is not affected by hydrochloric acid, but enters the intestine almost unchanged;
• higher bioavailability (about 90%);
• more convenient application (the tablet can be dissolved in water and drink the solution);
• pleasant taste of tablets and lack of bitterness;
• the composition contains sugar, so people with uncontrolled diabetes should take it with caution;
• higher price.

7. Spectracef

The active substance is cefditoren.

The drug belongs to the group of cephalosporins of the 3rd generation. However, it has a different active substance, unlike Pancef and Suprax Solutab. As with all beta-lactam antibiotics, it is a first-line drug. Spectracef has a broad antimicrobial spectrum.

Indications:

• respiratory tract infections;
• infections of the skin and subcutaneous tissue (phlegmon, impetigo, abscess, and others).

The drug is contraindicated in hypersensitivity to penicillins and cephalosporins. During pregnancy and lactation, it is used only after consulting a specialist and assessing possible risks. It is used with caution in case of serious kidney disease, in old age.

8. Sumamed

The active substance is azithromycin.

The drug belongs to the group of macrolides. This group is considered alternative and is prescribed for allergies to penicillins. It is also possible to take with insensitivity of microorganisms to beta-lactam antibiotics. Sumamed has a wide antibacterial spectrum.

Indications:

• infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract (sinusitis, otitis media, bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia);
• infectious diseases of the skin and soft tissues;
• urinary tract infections.

Sumamed is contraindicated in case of an allergic reaction to macrolides and other components of the drug. During pregnancy and lactation, it is taken only after consulting a doctor. It is prescribed with caution in serious diseases of the liver, kidneys.

9. Avelox

The active substance is moxifloxacin.

Avelox refers to macrolides, alternative drugs for bronchitis and other infectious diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract. Moxifloxacin disrupts the synthesis of the genetic material of the bacterium, which leads to its death.

Indications:

• infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract;
• infectious diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.

The drug is contraindicated in case of individual intolerance to the components included in the composition. During pregnancy and lactation, it is prescribed only after consulting a specialist. With caution in case of serious diseases of the kidneys, liver, old age.

10. Leflobact

The active substance is levofloxacin.

The drug belongs to fluoroquinolones. This group for bronchitis is a reserve group and is not prescribed without special indications. Most often, Leflobact is used for allergies to penicillins and cephalosporins, as well as for bacterial resistance to macrolides. Levofloxacin disrupts the synthesis of genetic material in a microbial cell, which leads to its subsequent death.

Indications:

• infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract;
• urinary tract infections;
• infectious diseases of the skin and soft tissues.

The drug is contraindicated in allergic reactions to fluoroquinolones. Myasthenia gravis, epilepsy, age under 18, pregnancy and lactation are contraindications for the appointment of Leflobact. It is prescribed with caution in diseases of the nervous system, diabetes mellitus, disorders of the conduction system of the heart.

How to choose antibiotics for bronchitis in adults

Necessary requirements for antibacterial drugs:

• high therapeutic efficacy at a minimum concentration of the substance in the body;
• minimal toxicity;
• broad antimicrobial spectrum;
• they should not lead to the development of an allergic reaction;
• should not affect the normal microflora.

All antibacterial drugs can be:

• natural;
• semi-synthetic;
• synthetic.

In connection with the global problem of antibiotic resistance, it is important that the selection of the drug is carried out only by a doctor individually, taking into account the clinic, anamnesis, laboratory and instrumental data.

Popular questions and answers

We discussed important issues related to the prescription of antibiotics for bronchitis with therapist Tatyana Pomerantseva.

Sources:

1. Clinical guidelines “Acute bronchitis in adults” 2015;
2. Clinical recommendations “Chronic bronchitis” 2021;
3. 2000-2022. REGISTER OF DRUGS OF RUSSIA® RLS ®