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The Earthly apple tree is a variety that is not only able to maintain productivity in regions with difficult climatic conditions, but also grow in a small household plot. After all, this type of culture belongs to the category of natural dwarfs, therefore it is distinguished by its compact size. In order for the Earthly apple tree to regularly bear fruit and develop fully, it is necessary to properly plant the seedling and provide care in accordance with the requirements of this type of culture.
Apple Tree Earthy suitable for commercial and private cultivation
History of breeding
Breeders of the South Ural Research Institute of Fruit and Vegetable Growing and Potato Growing worked on breeding this variety. In the period from 1969 to 1973, attempts were made to develop a compact sized crop with good yields that would be resistant to adverse external factors. And it completely succeeded. The authors of the variety Grounded are the Mazunin family couple and the scientist agrobiochemist V. I. Putyatin.
The basis for it was the Vydubetskaya weeping apple tree and a complex hybrid form of culture 1-63-197. The resulting species was able not only to absorb the best qualities of its progenitors, but also to surpass them in certain characteristics. Therefore, by the mid-seventies of the last century, an application was submitted to conduct variety trials. According to their results, the Landed variety was included in the State Register, as it fully confirmed the declared characteristics.
Description of the apple tree variety Earthy
This type of culture is noticeably distinguished by the appearance of the tree and fruits against the background of the rest. Therefore, it is necessary to study its features, which will make it possible to accurately determine compliance with the variety.
Dimensions and appearance of a mature tree
Apple tree Landed is a compact tree, the height of which on a seed rootstock reaches 2,5 m, and on a vegetatively propagated clone rootstock it ranges from 1,5-2 m. that it does not belong to the category of slates.
The ends of the shoots at the Mundane apple tree are directed upwards. The bark on the skeletal branches and trunk has a brown tint. And young shoots of medium thickness, have a greenish-brown color.
The leaves of the apple-tree-dwarf Landed are large, elongated-oval in the shape of a “boat” with a pointed tip. Their length reaches 10-12 cm, and their width is 3-4 cm. There is a slight serration along the edge of the plates. The surface is dark green, and there is a short edge on the reverse side, so the shade is more gray.
Flowers near the apple tree Earthy medium size, their diameter reaches 2 cm. The buds are pink when closed, and turn white when blooming. Flowers consist of five rounded petals. The flowering period of the Earthly species begins in the third decade of May and lasts for two weeks.
The buds start initially opening on the lower branches of the tree
Description of fruits
The Earthly apple tree has small fruits, they are larger than those of Ranetki Purple, but are significantly inferior in size compared to other types of domestic crops. Their mass varies between 70-110 g. The shape of the apples is round, slightly flattened. The skin is thin, but dense, oily with a glossy sheen.
The main color of apples is Earthy greenish-yellow. But the integumentary part, which occupies most of the fruit, is dark red. The stalk is slightly thickened, of medium length, attached to the apple at an angle. The pulp is dense, fine-grained, juicy, greenish in color.
Characteristics of a dwarf apple tree
In order to evaluate the productivity of a species of Grounded, it is necessary to study its characteristics. This will also allow you to compare it with other crop options and understand which conditions are most favorable for the variety.
Palatability
Earthy apples have a sweet and sour taste. The tasting score of the variety is 4,2 points out of a possible 5. However, the taste of the fruits depends on the number of sunny and warm days during their ripening. To acquire characteristic sweetness, it is necessary that the sum of effective temperatures be at least 2200 ° C.
Earthy fruits contain up to 18,9% ascorbic acid
Terms of maturation
This variety is autumnal. Harvest on the tree ripens by early September. Apples remain on the branches for a long time, do not crumble. The vegetation period is 155-160 days.
Productivity
The low-growing apple tree Earthy is characterized by annual fruiting. The first apples on the tree appear already 2-3 years after planting. From an adult tree, you can get about 130 kg of fruit. Apples retain consumer properties for 60 days in the presence of favorable conditions.
Frost resistance of the apple tree Landed
The variety has a high frost resistance. The tree can withstand temperatures as low as -39,5 °C. This makes it possible to successfully grow the variety in regions with risky farming.
Apple Pollinators
This low-growing variety of culture belongs to the category of partially self-fertile. Therefore, in order for the yield of the Earthly apple tree to be maximum, it is necessary to plant pollinating trees in the neighborhood. It is important that they have the same flowering period with him.
The following varieties are suitable as pollinators:
- Wonderful;
- Autumn undersized;
- Carpet;
- Bratchud;
- Lobo;
- Rudolf;
- Fuji;
- Orlik.
Growing regions
The variety is recommended for cultivation in the Ural region. Since it shows high performance here, despite the peculiarities of the climate. Also, the low-growing apple tree Grounded can be grown in the central regions, which is confirmed by the reviews of gardeners.
Blonya Earthly serves as the basis for breeding new low-growing types of culture
Disease resistance
This variety does not have increased immunity to diseases. In seasons unfavorable for the crop, the level of scab damage reaches two points. Therefore, when growing Grounded, preventive treatments of the tree in spring and autumn with fungicides cannot be ignored.
Advantages and disadvantages
The low-growing apple tree Landed has many advantages, which is the reason for its high popularity among beginners and experienced gardeners. But when choosing this variety, you need to take into account the disadvantages, so you need to familiarize yourself with them in advance.
The content of pectin in fresh apples of the Earthy variety reaches 1,3%
Main advantages:
- stable high yield;
- precociousness;
- winter hardiness;
- versatility of application;
- tree compactness;
- resistance to temperature extremes;
- Suitable for transportation and long-term saving.
Disadvantages:
- needs pollinators;
- requires protection from diseases;
- with insufficient number of sunny days, the taste becomes sour;
- small size of fruits;
- darkening of the pulp during long-term storage.
Planting an apple tree
For the successful development of the Earthly apple tree, it is necessary to properly plant the seedling. Therefore, it is necessary to study the features of this procedure in advance.
For an apple tree, it is necessary to choose a sunny open place, protected from cold gusts of wind. The best option is the south or east side of the site. At the same time, it is important that the groundwater level is at least 2 m.
For planting, it is recommended to choose one- and two-year-old seedlings with a well-developed root system, without damage to the bark and signs of disease. You can plant an apple tree in a permanent place in spring and autumn. In the first case, the optimal period is the end of April, and in the second – the second half of September.
At least two weeks before planting, it is recommended to prepare a hole 80 cm deep and 120 cm wide. It must be filled with a nutrient mixture consisting of turf, sand, humus, leafy soil in a ratio of 2: 1: 1: 1. And also additionally you need to add 40 g of superphosphate and 25 g of potassium sulfide and mix the fertilizer thoroughly with the ground.
The day before planting, the seedling must be put in water to nourish the roots.
Procedure:
- Make a slight rise in the center of the hole.
- Install a wooden support next to it.
- Place a seedling on a mound, gently straighten the roots.
- Water the apple tree generously.
- Sprinkle in the roots of the evils, shaking it occasionally to fill in any voids.
- Compact the soil surface at the base of the seedling.
- Tie the apple tree to the support.
Apple tree care
It is not difficult to take care of the Mundane apple tree, it is enough to adhere to the standard rules of agricultural technology.
The first time after planting, it is necessary to control the soil moisture and prevent the root system from drying out. Therefore, in the absence of rain, you need to water the apple tree regularly every three days. After a month, watering can be cut in half. It is also necessary to regularly loosen the soil in the root circle and remove weeds.
It is necessary to start feeding the Earthy apple tree from the third year after planting. It is recommended to apply fertilizers for the first time in early spring at the beginning of the growing season. To do this, you can use urea at the rate of 30 g per 10 liters of water. The second and third top dressings are recommended after flowering and at the stage of fruit formation. During these periods, it is recommended to use superphosphate 40-80 g and potassium sulfide 25-60 g per bucket of water, depending on the age of the apple tree.
Apple pruning
Immediately after landing, it is necessary to shorten the main conductor by 20%. In the next few years, carry out shaping pruning of the Earthy apple tree in the spring. Initially, it is necessary to select 2-3 branches of the first tier and shorten them by 1/3, and remove the rest. The next season, according to the same principle, you need to leave the shoots of the second tier. In addition, it is necessary to shorten the main conductor annually so that its growth point is 10 cm higher than the side shoots.
Also, the Earthly apple tree needs sanitary pruning. It can be done as needed. It involves the removal of broken, damaged and thickening branches.
After pruning, all wounds must be covered with garden pitch.
Collection and storage periods
It is recommended to collect fruits at the stage of technical maturity. This should be done in the morning on dry, clear weather. For long-term storage, apples should be cut from the branches with scissors along with petioles and put in cardboard or wooden boxes. Each layer is recommended to be covered with paper.
Optimal storage conditions: temperature +2-4 °С and humidity about 65%.
Conclusion
Apple tree Grounded – refers to the number of varieties that are able to give a generous harvest even when exposed to negative external factors. To do this, you only need full care and the presence of pollinators nearby. In addition, its compact size allows you to grow a tree even in a small area. The only significant disadvantage is the small size of the fruit.
Reviews of gardeners about the apple tree Grounded
