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The most maneuverable and easy to manage is considered a homemade fracture tractor, consisting of two half-frames. It is more difficult to assemble such equipment than with a solid frame. This will require complex drawings and additional spare parts.
What is a tractor fracture
In terms of design and dimensions, the fracture is nothing more than an ordinary mini-tractor. Typically, such equipment is produced on the basis of a walk-behind tractor. There is a home-made tractor with a factory-made turning frame or assembled at home from old spare parts. There is also a third alternative. The unit is assembled from a walk-behind tractor, and spare parts are used from a special conversion kit for sale.
In terms of performance and a number of characteristics, a home-made tractor is inferior to a factory-made one. But homemade has its advantages:
- Competently assembled equipment is capable of surpassing powerful factory mini-tractors in terms of functionality, and the cost of a home-made unit is many times less.
- The functionality of the breaking tractor can be significantly expanded to suit your requirements. Craftsmen adapt to technology those mechanisms that help to perform the necessary work.
- The costs incurred during self-assembly of the tractor will pay off in 1 year. And if there are a lot of spare parts from old equipment at home, then the unit will cost the owner almost free.
The disadvantage of a homemade tractor can be considered the lack of the necessary spare parts. If you have to buy them all, then there will be no savings. Then it is better to immediately purchase a factory-made mini-tractor.
Fracture Assembly Technology
Before proceeding with the manufacture of a 4×4 fracture, you need to draw accurate drawings of all nodes and the frame. It is difficult to do this on your own. It is better to consult a specialist or search on the Internet. Although, the second option is not very successful, since there is no guarantee that the diagram was drawn correctly.
So, a 4×4 break is a mini-tractor with a four-wheel drive, the frame of which consists of two parts connected by a hinged mechanism. The motor is usually installed in front. The frame itself is welded from a channel. It consists of the following elements:
- traverses – front and rear elements of semi-frames;
- spars – side elements.
For the manufacture of semi-frames, it is desirable to find a channel No. 9 – 16. In extreme cases, No. 5 will go, but this design will have to be reinforced with transverse beams. Between themselves, the half-frames are connected by a hinged mechanism. Cardans from a GAZ-52 or GAZ-53 car are optimal for these purposes.
A self-made 4×4 fracture tractor folded with your own hands is best equipped with a four-stroke gasoline engine or diesel engine.
The motor can be taken from Zhiguli or Moskvich. When using the M-67 engine, it is necessary to increase the gear ratio of the transmission. In addition, you need to make effective cooling. Otherwise, the motor will overheat, which will affect the loss of power and rapid wear of parts.
Installation of working nodes on a fracture
For the transmission of the tractor, it is advisable to get a PTO, clutch and gearbox from a domestic truck GAZ-53. In order to connect these nodes to the motor, they will have to be upgraded. For example, to connect the clutch to the engine, you will have to make a new basket. It must be the right size and fit. The back of the flywheel is shortened on a lathe, plus a new hole is drilled in the center.
The front axle is simply rearranged from another technique. It makes no sense to change its design. But the rear axle will also have to be slightly modernized. This assembly is similarly removed from another car, but the axle shafts are shortened before installation. Attach the rear axle to the frame with four ladders.
The choice of wheel size depends on what kind of work the tractor has to do. To prevent equipment from burrowing into the ground, it is optimal to install wheels with a radius of at least 14 inches on the front axle. In general, if the tractor is needed only for transporting goods, then wheels with a radius of 13 to 16 inches will do. For extensive agricultural work, it is advisable to choose wheels with a large radius – from 18 to 24 inches.
The hydraulic cylinders of the control system cannot be made independently. They are removed only from old decommissioned equipment. A gear pump is installed to maintain the operating pressure and circulate the oil. At a fracture, it is desirable that the gearbox is connected to the wheels of the main shaft and controls them.
The driver’s seat will fit from a passenger car. The chair is soft, comfortable, plus there is a backrest adjustment mechanism. The height of the steering wheel is made comfortable for the operator. The driver should not cling to him with his knees.
A fracture assembled from old spare parts in plowing should give out about 2 thousand revolutions. The minimum speed is 3 km/h. These parameters are achieved by adjusting the transmission.
In such a tractor design, it is good to install a separate gearbox and a four-section hydraulic distributor on each drive wheel. Then there is no need to install a cardan and rear axle differential.
The video shows a variant of the 4×4 fracture:
A homemade tractor is easy to maintain, as the owner knows what and where he installed it. Load the unit only after a complete break-in.